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Ensino de ciências naturais: concepções de professoras das séries iniciais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-06-14) RICKMANN, Leise Virgínia Oliveira; BITTENCOURT, Eugênio Pacelli Leal; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4389005978578348
Understanding that it’s essential to teachers the reflection over their own practices as professional development strategie, this work has investigated the conceptions of four teachers of the beginning periods from Primary School of “Escola de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Pará” about Natural Sciences’ teaching and apprenticeship, as well as the importance that they give to the subject’s study in this schoolarization stage. This is a research of qualitative nature. It intended to be as much as possible next to the reality and, in the same time, give the subjects the chance to speak, understanding the subjectivities as essential elements to the educative practices’ reflection. The data collecting was accomplished by interviews half-structured and explicitations questionnaires, which were complementar to the interviews, dealing with issues relative to History of Life, Choice and Professional Identity and Conceptions and Practices in Natural Sciences Teaching. In the data analysis, theoric referentials that could support the data interpretation and achieve the research goals were used. It has been sistematized studies and reflections about: scientific knowledge’s evolution; the history of Sciences’ Teaching in Brazil; the educational reform and the Sciences teaching and the didactic patterns and the Science teaching. The study about didactic patterns is produced by “Grupo de Pesquisa Investigação e Renovação Escolar”, from Spain, that uses the concept od didactic pattern in the analysis of teaching and teachers trainning. From teachers’ practice, the didactic models in their professional formation process, as well as the ones related to conceptions and practices of Science teaching in the primary classes, have been identified. The results show that, in the process of schoolarization and professional formation, the teachers have been submited to the patterns of traditional and technical education and they have questioned their own academic instruction, in what concerns the necessary abilities to work in the field, although they believe that such situation can be overcome by continuing education. Concerning the didactic patterns in the conceptions and practices of the Sciences teachers, it has been concluded that there’s no prevalent model. From the teachers’ accounts, it has been realized a gathering of ideas and actions that approach sometimes a didactic model and sometimes another one, putting in evidence that there is not a unique profile which features only one didactic model, but the coexistence of conceptions related to four patterns, sometimes contradictories, sometimes designing an eclectic didactic model. It implies a transition of the teachers’ conceptions about education and Sciences teaching. It can characterize a professional development process, as the teachers, despite the dificulties of the Sciences teaching, have showed very open to changes and innovations.