Navegando por Assunto "Estabilidade térmica"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estabilidade térmica da zeólita A sintetizada a partir de um rejeito de caulim da Amazônia
(2008-09) MAIA, Ana Áurea Barreto; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; NEVES, Roberto de Freitas
Zeolite A was calcined at 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 °C for 2h to evaluate its thermal stability. The zeolite A was synthesized using kaolin waste from kaolin processing industries for paper coating located in the Amazon region. Both zeolite A and further calcined products were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The zeolite A structure remained stable up to 600 °C, where only small variations in peak intensities were observed. At 800 °C the diffraction pattern still exhibited zeolite A but with the absence of some peaks. At 1000 °C nepheline, mullite and probably sodalite were formed. The zeolite A was also heated at 900 and 950 °C to check the two exothermic peaks observed in the DTA curve. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the presence of nepheline, sodalite and mullite.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Produção de biodiesel metílico e etílico de oleaginosas Amazônicas: caracterização físico-química e estudos térmico e cinético
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-01-29) LIMA, Rogério Pereira; ROCHA FILHO, Geraldo Narciso da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7580236895339455
This study aimed to synthesize methyl and ethyl biodiesel from six amazonian species of vegetable oils and fat through the transesterification reaction process using alkaline homogeneous catalysis, determine the heat capacity values of oils and methyl and ethyl biodiesel by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in the temperature range of 55 to 195°C, and correlate with information estimated by the group contribution method, to investigate the thermal stability of oils and biodiesel produced by thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) and perform kinetic study of the decomposition thermal of biodiesels using the Ozawa method. Classic physicochemical analysis for the characterization the vegetable oils and the biodiesel synthesized samples were used. The results for the physicochemical properties of methyl biodiesel samples were consistent with the values specified by the Resolution No. 45 of 2014 of the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (RANP 45/14). The results of heat capacity determined by DSC showed that the methyl biodiesel pracaxi showed the highest values, while for ethyl, it was observed for the biodiesel buriti, andiroba and pracaxi. Most heat capacity data obtained for the methyl and ethyl biodiesel determined by DSC and by the group contribution method were satisfactory, as they showed smaller relative deviations or equal to 15% and showed good correlation coefficients ranged from 0, 8617 to 0.9947. The studies on the thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the oils and fat were stable in the temperature range of 110 to 220°C, in inert atmosphere and, in an oxidizing atmosphere, were thermally stable to 130 at 165°C. All the synthesized biodiesel samples is degraded at temperatures up to 150°C, which is highly volatile, a very important feature for the application in diesel engines. The kinetic study of the thermal decomposition of the methyl and ethyl biodiesel met activation energy values ranging from the 46.23 124.93 kJ.mol-1 and showed that the ethyl biodiesel were more stable than the methyl biodiesel.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
The thermal stability of yellow fever vaccines
(1990-09) ISHAK, Ricardo; HOWARD, Colin R.
The assessment of yellow fever vaccine thermostability both in lyophilized form and after reconstitution were analyzed. Two commercial yellow fever vaccines were assayed for their thermal stability. Vaccines were exposed to test temperatures in the range of 8 (graus) C to 45 (graus) C. Residual infectivity was measured by a plaque assay using Vero cells. The titre values were used in an accelerated degradation test that follows the Arrhenius equation and the minimum immunizing dose was assumed to be 10 (ao cubo) particles forming unit (pfu)/dose. Some of the most relevant results include that (i) regular culture medium show the same degradation pattern of a reconstituted 17D-204 vaccine; (ii) reconstituted YF-17D-204 showed a predictable half life of more than six days if kept at 0 (graus) C; (iii) there are differences in thermostability between different products that are probably due to both presence of stabilizers in the preparation and the modernization in the vaccine production; (iv) it is important to establish a proper correlation between the mouse infectivity test and the plaque assay since the last appears to be more simple, economical, and practical for small laboratories to assess the potency of the vaccine, and (v) the accelerated degradation test appears to be the best procedure to quantify the thermostability of biological products.