Navegando por Assunto "Estado nutricional"

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Avaliação antropométrica de pacientes com suspeita de erros inatos do metabolismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09) SILVA, Francilia de Kássia Brito; OLIVEIRA, Ana Paula Pereira de; SILVA, Luiz Carlos Santana da
Objectives: to provide an anthropometric evaluation of patients suspected of having innate errors of metabolism (IEMs) and report the prevalence of nutritional disorders (malnutrition, overweight and obesity). Methods: fifty-five patients aged between 0 and 10 years were evaluated for anthropometric indices (H/A, W/A and W/H and BMI/A), in the innate errors of metabolism laboratory (LEIM) of the Federal University of Pará, using scales and an anthropometer. The data were collected using an LEIM form. Nutritional diagnosis was carried out using the Anthro and Anthro Plus programs and the SPSS statistics package. Results: the patients attended were mostly aged between seven months and nine years. The main symptoms were delayed neuropsychomotor development and frequent infections. As for the nutritional status, a deficit of 23.7% was observed in weight for age, a deficit of 50.9% in height for age, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15.4% according to weight for height, and 25,1% according to body mass index for age. Conclusions: the nutritional status of the patients was inadequate and, given the absence of a diagnosis of IEMs, the factors involved should be investigated more thoroughly.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação antropométrica e dietética de pré-escolares em três creches de Brasília, Distrito Federal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-12) TUMA, Rahilda Conceição Ferreira Brito; COSTA, Teresa Helena Macedo da; SCHMITZ, Bethsáida de Abreu Soares
Objectives: to assess nutritional status of children in three nursing schools of Brasília, Brazil. Methods: in a cross-sectional design, a sample of 230 children (87.5% of 263) was evaluated between March and December of 2001. Interview was used to gather family socio-economic status. Children nutritional status was classified according to WHO using NCHS tables. Food intake was obtained by direct weighed food, 24h-recall and food frequency questionnaire. Results: there were a 6.1% overweight and 4.8% stunting. Meals served in the nursing schools provided adequate energy percentage distribution for macronutrients. There were significant differences between children under and over 24 months old for total energy, protein, iron, calcium, and vitamin C. There was a high intake of dairy products, rice/pasta, legumes, table sugar, bread and margarine; medium intake of fruits, vegetables, red meat, poultry, eggs and cookies; and low intake o fish, offals, juices, tea and human milk. A precocious introduction of snacks, soft drinks, fast foods, canned and processed meat and sweet was observed. Conclusions: there was a high prevalence of excessive weight, which is consistent with the observed food intake pattern. It is concluded that educational and health interventions are needed to prevent non-transmissible chronic diseases and to improve life quality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Determinantes do estado de saúde de crianças ribeirinhas menores de dois anos de idade do Estado do Pará, Brasil: um estudo transversal
(2010-02) SILVA, Sara Araújo da; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
The aim of this study was to identify predictors of poor health in children less than two years of age from river-dwelling families in Pará State, Brazil. A total of 202 children were evaluated, considering poor health as the outcome variable, consisting of the combination of nutritional status, psychomotor development, and intercurrent illnesses in the previous month. The data were analyzed with a multilevel hierarchical model, and predictors of poor health were defined as variables with p < 0.05 after adjustment. According to the crude odds ratio, poor health is associated with families that own their own homes, are older, and present exclusive breastfeeding at two, three, four, and five months. After adjustment, children with families that own their homes showed 2.76 greater odds of having poor health; poor health also increased with age, and was 5.04 higher among children from 18 to 23 months, as compared to infants less than 7 months of age. In these communities, home owning and higher age represent longer exposure to the risk of poor health.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estado nutricional e marcadores clínico-bioquímicos em indivíduos portadores de carcinoma gastrointestinal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-11-04) MIRANDA, Tayana Vago de; ARAÚJO, Marília de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9371703949781020
The nutritional status of patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma is frequently affected, being aggravated by the carcinogenesis that promote activation of the inflammatory process and subsequent activation of the immune system, with production of cytokines and acute phase proteins, such as C-reactive protein, which results in hypermetabolism, accelerating weight loss and progresses to cachexia. This study aimed to analyze the nutritional status and biochemical-clinical markers in patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma, treated at Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto (HUJBB), in Belém-PA. Was conducted a descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study involving patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma treated at HUJBB from december 2013 to july 2014. Nutritional assessment was conducted by anthropometric parameters, which included body mass index (BMI), percentage weight loss (%PWL), arm circumference (AC), arm muscle circumference (AMC), arm muscle area corrected (CAMA), triceps skinfold thickness (TST) and muscle adductor pollicis (MAP), biochemical parameters, by classifying hemoglobin, total lymphocyte count (TLC), albumin, transferrin, index-inflammatory nutritional prognosis (IPIN ) and subjective parameters, using the subjective global assessment produced by the patient (ASG-PPP), besides the identification and classification of cachexia. 44 patients were evaluated, 63.3% were male with a mean age of 61.2 years (±13.3); 95.50% were natural of Pará, 45.50% living in the countryside, 50.00% had incomplete education in primary and 52.30% had no family income. 63.60% of the patients evaluated, had stomach cancer; of these, 50.00% were in clinical stage IV and 73.30% in surgical treatment, with an average hospital stay of 45.85 days (± 32.97). In nutritional assessment was obtained 20.50% eutrophy in adults and 42.30% for seniors through BMI, however, in isolated assessment of muscle and fat compartments, there was 59.10% of severe depletion by of CAMA, 54.50% by the TST, 75.00% with the presence of depletion in AC and 68.18% in AMC. Severe weight loss was observed in 61.36% of the patients and in the MAP was obtained higher prevalence of moderate depletion (30.20%). At biochemical parameters, there was severe reduction in hemoglobin to 61.40% of patients, slight depletion of CTL in 56.80%, 47.70% for albumin and 45.50% with moderate depletion in transferrin. In the assessment of IPIN, was obtained medium risk complication for 56.80% of the patients. In ASG-PPP, 63.60% of patients were classified into severe malnutrition and the presence of symptomatic cachexia, was 54.50%. With regard to the correlation analysis, it was found that there was a positive and significant correlation of BMI with AMC, AC, TST, CAMA, MAP and hemoglobin; AMC with AC, and CAMA; AC with TST, CAMA, MAP, and hemoglobin; TST, CAMA; CAMA with MAP. In the principal component analysis, it was found as the most sensitive methods to detect malnutrition the assessment of AC, CAMA, AMC, BMI, TST, MAP, IPIN and evaluation of cachexia. Thus, the results obtained in this study indicate the nutritional impairment in patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma by different parameters, thus demonstrating that malnutrition occurs globally, with loss of both adipose tissue, muscle tissue as well as changes biochemical level.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estado nutricional na malária: influência nos aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais de pacientes naturalmente infectados por Plasmodium vivax
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-10) MONTE, Carlos Rodrigo Souza do; VENTURA, Ana Maria Revorêdo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0682511755329264; LIBONATI, Rosana Maria Feio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3818175484709618
Malaria is considered by the World Health Organization a global public health problem. In Brazil, most cases occur by P. vivax. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of obesity on inflammatory markers, biochemical, hematological, parasitological profiles and clinical manifestations in vivax malaria patients at Pará State. Seventy-eight (37 eutrophic, 25 overweight and 14 obese) patients positive to P. vivax were included. Chills, headache, malaria triad (fever, chills and headache), myalgia, cough and diarrhea were more frequent, whereas the clinical score were higher in obese compared to normal weight patients. Obese patients had a higher level of count of total leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, triglycerides, total cholesterol, VLDL, AST, ALT compared to lean patients. Parasitaemia was similar among nutritional status, although was observed trend to higher parasitaemia (> 5.000 parasites/μL) in obese patients. Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-10 did not differ among nutritional groups, though there was a negative correlation between TNF-α and waist circumference. Among overweight and obese was observed a positive correlation between IL-10 and parasitemia, neutrophils, urea and a negative correlation with red blood cells, lymphocytes, platelets. Throughout, TNF-α was correlated negativity with the clinical score. Nutritional status influences immune response against the infection and it has been an important risk factor in this findings. However, further studies are required to understand the malaria in this context.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Insegurança alimentar em famílias de crianças matriculadas na rede municipal de educação infantil, Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-20) LEITE, Juliane Costa; GONZAGA, Irland Barroncas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4404609403033945
Analytical study, observational of cross-sectional design that aimed to estimate the prevalence food and nutrition insecurity among the families with enrolled children at schools from the municipal early childhood education network in Belém-PA-Brazil. As an instrument to collect data, it was used the Brazilian Scale of Insecurity Food Measurement, and, in order to evaluate the family profile, it was used the socio demographic form. It was also managed with the children anthropometric evaluation for the children nutritional situation analysis. Three hundred sixty-eight families from Belém-PA participated in the study, they were proportionally divided into six administrative districts, eighty-seven schools and six age groups. The sampling technique considered a error of 5,16% and it was a proportional stratified random. In statistical analysis of the association among the socio demographic indicators and insecurity food, the Chi-square tests were used and G test. Prevalence rates and prevalence ratios were estimated for food insecurity, and Poisson multiple regression analysis with robust variance was performed and the respective confidence intervals (CI 95%). In all tests, it was adopted the significance level (a) equal to 5%. The statistic program that was used in the reviews was BioEstat 5.3 and SPSS 24.0. As a result, it was found the prevalence of 85,6% of food and nutritional insecurity, that was distributed according to the severity gradient, in 36,4% light food and nutritional insecurity, 28,8% were moderated and 20,4% were serious. It was verified a significative statistically association between insecurity food and family income per capita, have work, education level of the family chief, received of the Bolsa Família and type of material used in the construction of the home. In the Poisson regression model, it was observed that food insecurity was associated with have a family income per capita that is less than half a minimum wage (PR = 1,61) and does not have work (PR = 1,10). The study presents an important instrument to identify those risks and permits the analysis of the investigated problems causes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perfil nutricional de pacientes com carcinoma de células escamosas e lesões potencialmente malignas de boca e orofaringe atendidos em um serviço de referência no município de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-10) COSTA, Lilian Pereira da Silva; ARAÚJO, Marília de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9371703949781020
Oral cancer presents the fifth incidence among men in Brazil. Potentially malignant disorders represent an early stage oral cancer. The aim this work was to investigate the nutritional status of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and potentially malignant disorders from mouth and oropharynx treated at a reference center in Belém city. Thus, it was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. The sample consisted of 41 participants, 58.5% male, average 60.3 years old, 43.9% with potentially malignant disorders (leukoplakia or actinic cheilitis), and 56.1% with SCC. The predominant localization was in mouth. Most (63.4%) of participants lived in Belém and metropolitan area, 65.9% with family income up to 2 minimum wages, 51.2% with more than 8 years of schooling, 53.7% smoke or have smoked regularly 75.6% eat or drank alcoholic beverages daily, 65.9% reported moderate/intense sun exposure. Regarding nutritional status, the total sample, according to the body mass index (BMI), 41.5% were normal weight, 14.6% underweight and 43.9% overweight/obesity. With respect to the adequacy of the Usual Weight (UW), 70.7% were eutrophic. As the adequacy of the arm circumference (AC), 48.8% were normal weight, 46.5% malnutrition. The assessment of the adequacy of the triceps skinfold (TSF), 39.0% were malnutrition, 36.6% overweight/obesity, 24.4% eutrophic. Considering the adequacy of arm muscle circumference (AMC), 51.2% were eutrophic, 48.8% undernourished. According to the muscle area corrected arm (MACA), 53.7% were malnutrition. Considering the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), 87.8% were well nourished. When analyzed for the presence or absence of malnutrition using different methods, comparing the groups, it was found that BMI, adequacy of UW, adequacy of CB, MACA and ASG showed statistically significant results (p<0.05). Regarding eating habits, the population evaluated presented low consumption of fruits, vegetables, main dietary protective factors, constituting food inadequacy both for patients with potentially malignant disorders and for SCC. Therefore, the group of potentially malignant disorders presented for all methods of evaluation used predominantly eutrophic. Among the methods that evaluated the muscle and fat reserves, MACA showed the highest percentage of individuals with malnutrition, with higher values in the group with SCC. A comparison of the nutritional status between the two groups of lesions can be seen higher percentage of malnutrition among patients with SCC, considering the different anthropometric methods.