Navegando por Assunto "Fauna cinegética"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização do uso da fauna cinegética em aldeias das etnias Wayana e Aparai na terra indígena parque do Tumucumaque, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) VELTHEM LINKE, Iori Leonel Arnoldo Hussak Van; OLIVEIRA, Ana Cristina Mendes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1199691414821581
The game is very important for the maintenance of traditional ways of life of indigenous peoples in the Amazon. However, when the game is not made in a sustainable way the pressure can lead to local extinctions and imbalances in the ecosystem. This study aims to characterize the use of wildlife hunting in two villages of ethnic Wayana and Aparai who lives in Parque Indígena do Tumucumaque, northern of Pará State. Were tracked and interviewed 29 hunters in 60 days of data collection. The interviews have raised 45 species of mammals occurring in the area and also the main game species with their respective seasons of hunting. Altogether 219 animals were hunted from 35 different species, totaling 2,558 kg of biomass. The species was hunted more Tayassu peccary (n = 50; 1,350 kg), second was Ateles paniscus (n = 30, 261 kg). The most hunted bird was Crax Alector (n = 18, 58.5 kg), and the green lizard Iguana iguana was the most hunted reptile (n = 18, 37 kg). Of these, all were within the expected average weights. Only for I. iguana statistical difference was observed in sex ratio, and all the A. paniscus killed were females. The curves of survivalship of the most hunted mammals, T. peccary, A. paniscus, Cebus apella (n = 16) and Cuniculus paca (n = 12) points to a sharp withdrawal of adult and senile animals. The favorite game species were, in descending order, A. paniscus, C. apella, C. paca, T. peccary, Pecari tajacu, Tapirus terrestris, Alouatta macconnelli, Mazama americana, C. Alector and Psophia crepitans. By the hunting methods of active-selective and non-selective-opportunistic were recorded the same number of animals hunted. Due to the hunting of large mammals, the largest amount recorded opportunistic forms of biomass harvested (1590 kg), while selective methods focused primates and birds, totaling 968 kg. Due cultural issues, the Wayana and Aparai hunters seek animals when they are fat. They rarely hunt animals outside the species hunting seasons. The activity of fishing yielded 1211.7 kg of 44 morphospecies. The game was about 2/3 of all biomass consumed. Meals based on game meat were more extensive and yielded more protein than meals with fish. The per capita daily consumption of game was 104.37 g and 22.44 g of fish. The area used to hunt of the two villages was estimated at 518.73 km ². The analysis of sustainability of hunting suggests that only C. apella and A. paniscus are being over-exploited.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O uso da fauna cinegética e o consumo de proteína animal em comunidades rurais na Amazônia oriental: Reserva Extrativista Tapajós/Arapiuns Pará - Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-05-19) SILVA, Alexandre Fernandes de Souza e; OLIVEIRA, Ana Cristina Mendes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1199691414821581
Since the pre-history hunting and fishing have been the classic examples of men´s exploration of natural resources and, for some communities these are still the main source of food. However, the fishing and some products originating from the vegetable extractives have been the mainly goal of researches of the industrial market instead of studies of etnoconservation. In consequence of this institutional indifference and another intrinsic political factors just a little bit is known about the biology, the ecology, the etology and mainly about the intensity of exploration of the cynegetic fauna in tropics. There are not many studies about the food of traditional populations in Amazon mainly when is referring to the economic and nourishment importance of hunting and its relationship to the wildlife conservation. This 'Study of Case' was guided to accomplish the characterization of the cynegetic fauna explored by extractivist families of Aminã and Solimões communities (Tapajós/Arapiuns Extractivist Reserve) during the two season of the year (raining and drying season), and also showed the nourishment parameters of the protein indicatives of hunting activities for those families. The datas of relative abundance (biomass) of the species registered in both studied communities show that Dasyprocta leporine (cutia) was the more pressed specie. When examine the Indicative of Biomass (IB) between the sources of animal proteins and among the studied communities the conclusion is when the meal is made with hunting flesh although not often is more plenty than fishing. Referring to Indicative of Protein (IP), when observed among the several sources was verified when the meal is done with hunting flesh overwhelming all the other sources in terms of protein concentration then making the hunting flesh the most nutritious meal. The present study has the potential of contributing with important scientific information for the administration of the cynegetic resources and, consequently, to contribute with the definition of criterion and parameters for the launching of integrated handle projects of human occupations.