Navegando por Assunto "Febre amarela"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia de culicídeos vetores de febre amarela silvestre em relação ao microclima na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã-Melgaço-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) PINTO, Claudeth de Souza; MASCARENHAS, Bento Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3279744837272788; CONFALONIERI, Ulisses Eugênio Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0960107425984526
The species vectors of yellow fever are distributed, in the Americas, in the genera Haemagogus and Sabethes. The culicidae have their blood-sucking activities influenced both by endogenous and exogenous factors, such as the responses to microclimatic factors. The micoclimate and the stratification of the mosquito hosts are the main determinants for the occupation of ecological niches by culicids in the tropical forests. This study was developed in the micrometeorological tower of the Caxiuanã National Forest, in the municipality of Melgaço, State of Pará, Brazil. The aims were to analyse the vertical distribution of the species vectors of yellow fever in relation to microclimate in the dense upland forest, from July 2005 to April 2006, at ground level and in platforms at 8m, 16m and 30 meters. Collections were made for 12-hour periods, both at night and during the day, with the use of human attractors. Temperature and humidity records were made at all heights where the collections were made and the precipitation was measured at the top of the tower. A total of 25,498 specimens of culicids were collected, among which 1028 were from the genus Haemagogus and 502 from Sabethes, captured during daytime. The species of Sabethes and Haemagogus janthinomys were found mostly at the canopy level, especially at the heights of 16 and 30 meters, while Haemagogus leucocelaenus was more frequent in the ground. The rainiest months were associated to the greatest number of specimens of the different species but this was not statistically significant. However, there was a significant relationship between temperature, relative humidity and the number of yellow fever vectors collected.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Genetic differentiation in populations of Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) dengue vector from the Brazilian state of Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03) SOUSA, Andrelina Alves de; FRAGA, Elmary da Costa; SAMPAIO, Maria Iracilda da Cunha; SCHNEIDER, Horacio; BARROS, Maria Claudene
Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti is the vector responsible for the transmission of the viruses that cause zika, yellow and chikungunya fevers, the four dengue fever serotypes (DENV - 1, 2, 3, 4), and hemorrhagic dengue fever in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The present study investigated the genetic differentiation of the 15 populations of this vector in the Brazilian state of Maranhão, based on the mitochondrial ND4 marker. A total of 177 sequences were obtained for Aedes aegypti, with a fragment of 337 bps, 15 haplotypes, 15 polymorphics sites, haplotype diversity of h = 0.6938, and nucleotide diversity of π = 0.01486. The neutrality tests (D and Fs) were not significant. The AMOVA revealed that most of the variation (58.47%) was found within populations, with FST = 0.41533 (p < 0.05). Possible isolation by distance was tested and a significant correlation coefficient (r = 0.3486; p = 0.0040) was found using the Mantel test. The phylogenetic relationships among the 15 haplotypes indicated the existence of two distinct clades. This finding, together with the population parameters, was consistent with a pattern of genetic structuring that underpinned the genetic differentiation of the study populations in Maranhão, and was characterized by the presence of distinct lineages of Aedes aegypti.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
The thermal stability of yellow fever vaccines
(1990-09) ISHAK, Ricardo; HOWARD, Colin R.
The assessment of yellow fever vaccine thermostability both in lyophilized form and after reconstitution were analyzed. Two commercial yellow fever vaccines were assayed for their thermal stability. Vaccines were exposed to test temperatures in the range of 8 (graus) C to 45 (graus) C. Residual infectivity was measured by a plaque assay using Vero cells. The titre values were used in an accelerated degradation test that follows the Arrhenius equation and the minimum immunizing dose was assumed to be 10 (ao cubo) particles forming unit (pfu)/dose. Some of the most relevant results include that (i) regular culture medium show the same degradation pattern of a reconstituted 17D-204 vaccine; (ii) reconstituted YF-17D-204 showed a predictable half life of more than six days if kept at 0 (graus) C; (iii) there are differences in thermostability between different products that are probably due to both presence of stabilizers in the preparation and the modernization in the vaccine production; (iv) it is important to establish a proper correlation between the mouse infectivity test and the plaque assay since the last appears to be more simple, economical, and practical for small laboratories to assess the potency of the vaccine, and (v) the accelerated degradation test appears to be the best procedure to quantify the thermostability of biological products.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Tocados d’aquelle venenoso mal”: as epidemias em Belém na primeira metade dos oitocentos: 1800 - 1850
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-22) SILVA, Diego Santos da; VIEIRA JÚNIOR, Antonio Otaviano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6764908679902300
The objective of this research is the analysis and the historical-social relationships of the incidences of epidemics and infectious diseases that impacted the lives of the inhabitants of the city of Belém, the capital of Grão-Pará, during the first half of the 19th century. The relationship between economic and population development, the emergence of smallpox and yellow fever epidemics, and their relationships and implications for the economic and population development of the City of Belém are analyzed. The structure of the dissertation is composed of three chapters. The first chapter makes a brief presentation about a city of Belém and how it was a great stage of mobility, both for goods and people, due to the presence of ports. The second chapter analyzes the medical understanding of epidemics and their lines of interpretation. And the third chapter deals with the statistical measurement of those most affected by the epidemics, seeking to identify the patterns and levels of mortality during the smallpox and yellow fever epidemic attacks, more specifically. The methodology used was documentary research, and the documents were researched and made available in several collections in Belém such as: Public Archives of the State of Pará (APEP), Historical and Geographical Institute of Pará (IHGP) and Central Library of UFPA / collection of rare works and Fran Pacheco Library of the Portuguese Literary and Recreation Association.