Navegando por Assunto "Fish"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cytogenetic analysis of Baryancistrus xanthellus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Ancistrini), an ornamental fish endemic to the Xingu River, Brazil
(Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia, 2016) MEDEIROS, Larissa Azevedo de; GURGEL, Eduardo Gentil Ginani; SOUSA, Leandro Melo de; PY-DANIEL, Lúcia Helena Rapp; FELDBERG, Eliana
Baryancistrus xanthellus is a species from the Ancistrini tribe known commonly as "amarelinho " or "golden nugget pleco". It is one of the most popular and valued ornamental fishes due to its color pattern. Also, it is an endemic species from the Xingu River occurring from Volta Grande do Xingu, region where the Belo Monte Hydropower Dam is being built, to São Félix do Xingu. The current study aimed to cytogenetically characterize B. xanthellus . Results point to the maintenance of 2n=52, which is considered the most common condition for the tribe, and a single nucleolus organizer region (NOR). Mapping of the 18S rDNA confirmed the NOR sites, and the 5S rDNA was mapped in the interstitial position of a single chromosome pair. The 18S and 5S rDNA located in different pairs constitute an apomorphy in Loricariidae. Large blocks of heterochromatin are present in pairs 1 and 10 and in the regions equivalent to NOR and the 5S rDNA. Data obtained in this study corroborated with the currently accepted phylogenetic hypothesis for the Ancistrini and demonstrate evidence that the genus Baryancistrus occupies a basal position in the tribe.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de métodos por CL-EM/Em e ocorrência de antimicrobianos em peixes de aquicultura
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-11-22) GUIDI, Letícia Rocha; GLÓRIA, Maria Beatriz de Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6895373188728113; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2311121099883170
The consumption of fish has increased in recent years in Brazil, especially due to the announcement that their intake can bring numerous health benefits and also due to its high nutritional value (high biological value protein, high content of omega-3 fatty acids). The quality, safety and security of farmed fish for human consumption are therefore a public health issue and must be monitored. In Brazil, there is a lack of information regarding the use of antimicrobials in aquaculture. Although only two antibiotics are allowed for use in aquaculture in Brazil, there is a wide variety of antibiotics that may be used illegally or can reach the fish due to environmental contaminations, mainly of water. The objective of this study was to develop multiresidue methods of analysis of antibiotics in fish muscle and to evaluate the quality of fish from Minas Gerais and Pará with respect to the presence of antibiotic residues. In addition, an extensive literature review was conducted with respect to existing methods of analysis and the occurrence of chloramphenicol (banned antibiotic) and amphenicols in food. A LC-MS/MS screening method was validated for the analysis of 40 antibiotics of six different classes (aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides and tetracyclines) in fish muscle. Only 15% of the samples (n=29) were positive for enrofloxacin. A quantitative LC-MS/MS method of analysis of quinolones and tetracyclines in fish muscle was also optimized and validated. The precision, in terms of the relative standard deviation, was under 20% for all of the compounds, and the recoveries were between 89.3% and 103.7%. CCα varied from 17.87 to 323.20 μg.kg-1 and CCβ varied from 20.75 to 346.40 μg.kg-1. In general, real samples showed good quality relative to the presence of antibiotic residues. All 29 positive samples for enrofloxacin contained levels below the Maximum Residue Limit allowed by Brazilian legislation (100 μg.kg-1).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo dos riscos e benefícios associados ao consumo de três espécies de peixes da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-09-20) GOMES, Luciana Cristina Mancio; LOURENÇO, Lúcia de Fátima Henriques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7365554949786769
Fishing is one of the most explored activities in the amazon region, fish is an important protein source, however, it can represent one of the main vehicles of contamination due to its great capacity to bioaccumulate substances in tissues such as muscle and organs, being considered excellent bioindicators of the species. Its habitat. The aim of the present work was to study the amazonian species, curimatã (prochilodus nigricans), goby hake (macrodn ancylodon), and pyramutaba (brachyplatystoma vaillantii) by investigating the risks or benefits associated with consumption. In the muscle tissue and liver of the fish in different seasonal periods (rainy and dry season) amino acid and fatty acid profile analyzes were performed by liquid and gas chromatography. The determination of essential elements (cu, fe, mg, na and zn) was quantified by flame atomic emission spectrometry and the contaminants, lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The validation of the methodology was performed through the addition and recovery method. The results obtained in the muscle and liver were correlated with biometric data, species feeding habits and the limits established by the national health surveillance agency for human consumption. The calculation of the tolerable weekly intake index (PTWI) was applied for the toxic elements pb and hg in different seasonal periods. According to the results, the species presented oleic (n-9), linoleic (omega-6) and arachidonic (omega-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscle, whereas in the liver the three species were c18:0, c18:1ω9, c18:2ω6, c20:4ω6, c22:6ω3. The total saturated fatty acid contents identified were higher in piramutaba, polyunsaturated in hake and monounsaturated in curimatã. Regarding the amino acid profile of the fillets, the highest predominance was histidine, alanine and serine. The species studied presented high levels of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The monounsaturated ones presented higher contents in the curimatã species and the polyunsaturated ones were higher in the hake, both in the muscle and liver. Regarding minerals, calcium levels were quite significant between species in different seasonal periods, being predominant in the dry season, while Fe, Cu, Na and Zn presented higher levels in the rainy season. In the liver, during the rainy season, Mg, Zn and Cu values had average concentrations in curimatã specimens. While in the dry season the ca, mg, na and zn contents had higher predominance among the species. Regarding contaminants, pb levels were higher than the limit allowed by the legislation, showing significant behavior in relation to seasonality. The hg content in the three species was higher in the rainy season, the curimatã species reached higher levels in the muscle. In the liver, the levels of Hg in the rainy season were above the limit recommended by the legislation. In the dry season, the curimatã species contributed the most with 131.79%, exceeding the tolerable weekly limit of hg consumption, being considered inappropriate. According to the estimated weekly intake of toxic elements (PTWI) during the rainy season, acceptable limits were found among the contaminants. However, in the dry season, curimatã contributed the most with 131.79%, exceeding the tolerable weekly consumption limit. From Hg. It is concluded that the constant biomonitoring of the species commercialized in Belém-PA and surroundings that may present some contamination by toxic elements is necessary, thus avoiding possible reflexes and the compromise of human health and fish reproductive process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Length-weight relationship in ten fish species from the Nhamundá River, the Amazon Basin, Brazil
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2017-03) FREITAS, Tiago Magalhães da Silva; SOUZA, João Batista de Souza e; PRUDENTE, Bruno da Silveira; MONTAG, Luciano Fogaça de Assis
Studies on the length-weight relationship (LWR) of fishes are an important tool to describe several biological aspects of the species. Consequently, these studies are relevant due the necessity of comprehension about fish life cycle. Thus, this study aimed to establish the length-weight relationship of the ten most common fish in the Lower Nhamundá River, left tributary of the Amazon River. The capture of fish was conducted in January 2008 using gill nets. A total of 807 individuals, ten species and three Orders (Characiformes, Siluriformes and Clupeiformes) were analyzed. The parameter b varied from 2.680 to 3.698. The LWR were shown for the first time for two species: Anostomoides laticeps and Ageneiosus polystictus. Finally, this research emphasizes the importance of LWR studies in the Amazon and the use of primary data for fisheries management plans.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Obtenção de filmes de colágeno de peixe para biomaterais: peixes da amazônia (Heros Severus e Cichla Temensis) e tilápia do nilo (Oreochromis Niloticus)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-10-27) COELHO, Katherine Elice Paes Leão; LAMEIRA, Aladim Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7739057853603135; DIAS, Carmen Gilda Barroso Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2113791118142177
The Collagen films derived from fish skin have been gaining prominence in tissue engineering, with emphasis on the large number of research on the properties of those obtained from Nile Tilapia - TN (Oreochromis niloticus).Parallel to this; the Amazon Basin has numerous species of fish, which have not yet been deeply addressed in the field of bioprospecting. In this sense, this paper sought to prepare and analyze films derived from the skins of Amazonian fish, such as Peacock Bass - TA (Cichla Temensis) and Banded Cichlid - AS (Heros Severus), comparing them with that of the African fish TN. From the results obtained, it was verified that TN was the one with the highest collagen yield. The proteins were extracted and purified to prepare aqueous solutions with polyvinyl alcohol. The films obtained by solvent evaporation showed the following traction resistance results: 327 MPa for TN; 299 MPa for AS, and 228 MPa for TA. Through scanning electron microscopy, it was possible to note that the greatest porosity was present in TN films, which received a coating of spheres and nanofibers deposited at a distance of 3 cm under tension of 6.3 KW generated in a COCKCROFT – WALTON source. Therefore, it was found that, although the TA and AS polymers showed good results, the films made from Tilapia were the ones that best corroborated those made from biomaterials for dental use. Finally, it is believed that those using Amazonian fish made it possible to reproduce methods already vehemently applied in the literature and could eventually supply the needs of market.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Rapid assessment of the ichthyofauna of the southern Guiana Shield tributaries of the Amazonas River in Pará, Brazil
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2020-03) DUTRA, Guilherme Moreira; FREITAS, Tiago Magalhães da Silva; PRUDENTE, Bruno da Silveira; SALVADOR, Gilberto Nepomuceno; LEÃO, Manuela Dopazo de Vasconcellos; PEIXOTO, Luiz Antônio Wanderley; MENDONÇA, Marina Barreira; NETTO-FERREIRA, André Luiz; SILVA, Fabio Roberto Ribeiro da; MONTAG, Luciano Fogaça de Assis; WOSIACKI, Wolmar Benjamin
The Northern Pará Drainage System encompasses the left-bank tributaries of the Amazonas River in the southern Guiana Shield region of Pará state, Brazil. Five of the region’s state protected areas are considered strategic for the conservation of its biodiversity. In the present study, we assessed the ichthyofauna of the five state protected areas of the Northern Pará Drainage System. Seven expeditions were conducted between January 2008 and January 2009, which surveyed stretches of the Cuminá, Cuminapanema, Curuá, Jari, Mapuera, Nhamundá, and Paru rivers. These surveys yielded 286 species belonging to 38 families and eight orders, including seven new records of fish species for Brazil, six of which are also new records for the Amazon basin. Our results provide a valuable database for future research and conservation programs in the protected areas of the region.