Navegando por Assunto "Fisiologia animal"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Argumentação no ensino de ciências: padrões argumentativos de estudantes do ensino médio sobre fisiologia animal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-13) TAVARES, Erivandro do Carmo; VIEIRA, Eduardo Paiva de Pontes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2902323640527915; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-1641-7014
The objective of the present study is to analyze the argumentative construction of high school students during an experimental course of sciences on animal physiology. We selected an event organized methodologically by Problem Based Learning (PBL) to analyze group interactions. In our theoretical, methodological and creation inspirations, we find the appropriation of elements from the perspective of Qualitative Research in Education and assumptions of the Interactionist Argumentation Theory. In fact, and purposely, this work brings a kind of hybrid analysis of the interaction frames of the students' propositions, since we chose to combine theoretical perspectives for the analysis of the interpretation of the research points. The results indicate that the students' argumentative patterns were established around two aspects: the first one identifies the constitution of basic arguments, of simple structure, composed by minimum number of elements. The second, points out that the students established the argumentation during the course, being verified the reach of three phases of the argumentative development. To this end, we engaged in a dialogue with other research on argumentation in the context of science teaching and pointed out contributions to teaching activity and research in education.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ocorrência, biologia e uso das raias de água doce na Baía de Marajó (Pará, Brasil), com ênfase na biologia de Plesiotrygon iwamae (Chondrichthyes : Potamotrygonidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2001-06-29) CHARVET-ALMEIDA, Patricia; BARTHEM, Ronaldo Borges; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4192105831997326
The present study included stingrays of the Potamotrygonidae family, the only one among elasmobranches that possesses ali representatives exclusively in freshwater. It was carried out in the Islands of Cotijuba and Colares, which are located in the estuarine region of the Marajó Bay, during the rnonths of May, August, October and December of 2000. The sampling included the genera Plesiotrygon, Potamottygon, Paratrygon and a fourth genus that is currently being described. Information related to the frequency of occurrence and biomass indicated the predominance of Potamottygon spp. and Plesiotrygon iwamae in this region. The fishery equipment used selected the size of the stingrays captured. Specific observations were made concerning the feeding and reproductive biology of the species P. iwamae. Stomach content analysis, using the index of relative importance (TRT), indicated that this species feeds mainly on crustaceans and fish. Macroscopic observations of the reproductive organs of males and females were made. The results indicated that this species presents aplacental matrotrophic viviparity with trophonemata. Probably its reproductive cycle is seasonal, is related to salinity changes and several females are captured as they approach the beaches of this bay to reproduce. In this region the freshwater stingrays are routinely captured mainly for food, medicinal and ornamental purposes_ A high number of stingray accidents and treatments were observed in both islands. The conservation of the species of freshwater stingrays requires more knowledge about their biology, follow-ups on their exploration and perhaps management measures.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pez-cebra (Danio rerio) como modelo de bienestar animal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-10) VASQUEZ, Jhon Jairo Buenhombre; GOUVEIA JUNIOR, Amauri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-9662
Zebrafish has become an important model for various disciplines such as neuroscience and the testing of new pharmacological molecules. Therefore, the way in which it is housed and the consequences of its accommodation on its well-being represent an important aspect to study. Very few studies have evaluated the effect of environmental enrichment on the welfare of zebrafish and its negative or positive impacts have yet to be elucidated. An important challenge is to establish the consequences not only of the presence of enrichment but also of its loss. Likewise, the form of presentation of a stimulus, either predictably or unpredictably, influences the physiological and behavioural responses of the animal. Therefore, the form of presentation of the enrichment represents another important aspect to assess. The evaluation of emotional (affective) states is crucial for the study of zebrafish welfare, in particular to evaluate the influences of the environment on the animal. However, directly assessing these states is difficult due to their subjective nature. Therefore, the current approach focuses on estimating them from the resulting physiological and behavioral components. Today there are robust standardized tests that assess and correlate neuroendocrine responses with well-established behavioural assessment criteria for stress and anxiety in zebrafish. However, there are no similar tests to measure positive emotional states in this species. An alternative metric to assess both the positive and negative affective states of animals is the cognitive bias. These tests allow researchers to infer an individual's emotional state from cognition. Therefore, the evaluation of apparently negative (Unpredictable conditions and absence or loss of enrichment) and positive ones (Predictable conditions and presence or gain of enrichment) accommodation contrasts through a type of cognitive bias (cognitive judgment bias (CJB) in zebrafish may constitute a promising model to understand the effects of housing on affective states and well-being in this fish. Additionally, it has been shown that individual variations such as personality influence the central nervous system, behaviour and cognitive judgment bias results in other species. These differences and their impacts on zebrafish have not yet been studied. Consequently, the general objective of this thesis was to establish if the cognitive judgment bias can be used in zebrafish for the evaluation of positive and negative emotional states produced by environmental modifications and its relationship with personality.