Navegando por Assunto "Forest"

Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cura ou conservação: um dilema socioambiental na formação continuada de professores da educação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-10) BARBOSA, Lidiane Amaral; RAPOSO, Elinete Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6737474841439654; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-8995-0296; FREITAS, Nádia Magalhães da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2982253212145468; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0042-8640
Climate change, desertification, deforestation, burning, extinction of species of fauna and flora, are some of the issues that mark the environmental crisis and, from this scenario, some questions arise, such as the rationality of the thinking of the present civilization, man as centrality of the universe, the values of domination of nature, the uncontrollable and unsustainable process of production, the reinforcement of the culture of consumption, the constitution of an economized world. It is in this context that the contemporary socioenvironmental challenges are presented: socio-environmental quality and sustainability of cities, mitigation and confront with climate change, water and solid waste management, forest management, growing demand and energy alternatives, among others. The meaning here attributed to the term challenge refers to the possibilities of overcoming the aggravations that matter in unsustainability. This dissertation deals with what today represents one of the contemporary socio-environmental challenges - the forest. Thus, the research was driven by the following question: how teachers, in a process of continuous formation, base their decision-making in the face of a socioenvironmental dilemma involving the forest theme? The research presented a qualitative approach, and occurred in the context of a process of continuous training of teachers of basic education, which aimed to problematize the recent socio-environmental challenges. The analyzes presented referred to the secondary data produced in one of the formative activities, precisely of a case study (fictitious but verisimilious) entitled "Cure or conservation: the questions of human health and the ecosystem", that involved a socio-environmental dilemma, which involved the extraction of an antitumoral bioactive (paclitaxel - commercial name taxol), found in the Taxus brevifolia (pacific yew - vulgar name), present curiously in indigenous lands, in the Amazon. The positioning of the professors, in general lines, manifested the integration of knowledge of two areas: natural sciences and social sciences, approaching them. The teachers called attention to the need to abolish the existing gap between these two areas, constituting a paradigmbreaking movement and dialogues between disciplines. The teachers considered aspects such as identity, culture and traditional knowledge, avoiding positions that exorcize the otherness and the sovereignty of scientific knowledge in relation to others. Socioenvironmental issues are difficult to approach given their complex nature. Thus, thinking about the forest, especially the Amazon rainforest requires a differentiated approach, considering its multidiverse nature, as did the teachers in their positioning. They evoked aspects beyond their specific training, integrating knowledge, in an authentic interdisciplinary attitude in the consideration of the socio-environmental dilemma proposed in the training. The teachers' discussions were legitimate and their positions relevant and current, when considering the aspects involved in the socio-environmental field.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica da cobertura florestal a partir de análises realizadas em áreas de extração seletiva de madeira no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-29) ROCHA, Nívia Cristina Vieira; GALBRAITH, David; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2145475131329843; ADAMI, Marcos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7484071887086439; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-4477
The selective logging in the Amazon region is an activity that holds relevance in social, economic, and environmental aspects. In many cases, this is considered a low environmental impact activity in the forests when compared to deforestation. This research assessed canopy opening in selectively logged areas in Eastern Amazon over different years with reduced impact. Detailed monitoring was conducted in these areas using both hemispherical images and orbital images to evaluate the persistence of impacts over time. Hemispherical photographs were used to measure canopy opening and provide a high-resolution assessment of the logged areas. This study also utilized images obtained from Landsat, Sentinel, and Planet satellites. Spectral Mixture Analysis and enhancement techniques were applied to these orbital images to detect canopy opening impacts caused by selective logging. Hemispherical images revealed that even 17 years after the logging activities ceased, the impacts caused by selective logging were still discernible. Meanwhile, orbital images allowed for the identification of logging at different time intervals depending on their respective resolutions. From the results, this study highlights the importance of the combined use of hemispherical and satellite images to monitor the effects of selective logging over time in the Amazon. This enables a more comprehensive understanding of forest dynamics, the persistence of impacts, and the importance of continuous monitoring in logged areas to assess long-term effects and adopt sustainable management strategies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Interações entre nuvens, chuvas e a biosfera na Amazônia
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2005-06) DIAS, Maria Assunção Faus da Silva; COHEN, Júlia Clarinda Paiva; GANDU, Adilson Wagner
A review of results obtained within the Physical Climate component of LBA with respect to the interaction between the biosphere and cloud and rain formation in the Amazon Basin, in different seasons and different regions within the Basin is presented. The deforestation effect and the effect of biomass burning are discussed and the physical processes highlighted based on the data collected in several LBA intensive field campaigns. The complex interactions and the progress in the understanding their evolution based on the new datasets is presented.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mametu Nangetu na mata
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05) RIBEIRO FILHO, Pedro Ivan Olaia; ALVES, Wellington Romario da Silva
Traditional communities of African array has a deep relationship with nature and its elements. The forest surrounding the market-place “CEASA” is attended by people from traditional communities. They collect leaves, bark and herbs that the forest gives and offer thanks to the energies and mystics persons of the forest. Mametu Nangetu is a tradition woman that goes to the market-place CEASA sinc she was kid, she has great intimacy with the space. She reaps what nature presents us and also afforests the place. This video is the ethnographic record by during the research process of the project: “Feira Livre; -performa-te cidade: investigação performática, diálogos e outros sabores”. This project was awarded by “Bolsa de Criação, Experimentação, Pesquisa e Divulgação Artística 2015 da Fundação Cultural do Pará”. This record was achieved in one morning we were with the Mansu Nangetu’s community at the CEASA’s fair and forest, and we follow Mametu Nangetu sharing knowledge of our bantu tradition. Katendê is the Lord of Forests and Lord of Jinsaba, the sacred leaves. Mariô is the oil palm leaf and it’s used at the entrances of candomble houses. A CANON G15 machine was used to capture the images.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Método de inversão para a obtenção dos parâmetros elétricos do solo para região amazônica baseado em medições e usando equações parabólicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-20) OLIVEIRA, Romulo Augusto Nascimento de; MAGNO, Fátima Nazaré Baraúna; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8466611553866661; CAVALCANTE, Gervásio Protásio dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2265948982068382
In recent years, due to the rapid development of the technology of radio access digital such as TV Digital and digital audio broadcasting, accompanied by a strong demand for these types of services, it has become of great importance the study the electric field behavior generated by radio stations who will use these technologies as well as knowledge of electrical parameters involved, which are essential in determining of the stations coverage area. This work presents a methodology of inversion through weighted least squares to obtain the equivalent electrical parameters of the vegetation and soil of a typical Amazon forest region using the model based on the formalism of parabolic equations to calculate the electric field strength received by a mobile receiver contained within in this region. To validate this methodology, measurement campaigns were conducted in Benfica, Marituba and Barcarena, State of Pará. Since in Benfica and Marituba was used a frequency of 900 MHz and Barcarena was used the frequency of 1.8 GHz. For the three cities, the measuring system consisted of a laboratory fixed and a mobile station that has been set up to measure and store the instantaneous values of the received signal. The measurements were compared with computer simulations, and so it was possible to estimate the optimal values for the electrical conductivity and relative permittivity of the vegetation that cut the road access to the cities and of the highway soil through the proposed inversion methodology. It was also made a quantitative analysis of these parameters with the values found in the literature which demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Finally, this work presents the results obtained with the inversion method for a rural region located in the center of Brazil, where it was found that the estimated values for soil electrical conductivity were very close to those shown in recent studies to the region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mulheres, saberes práticos, relações de gênero e a floresta
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06) SILVA, Rubens Elias da; BONFIM, Fernanda da Silva; SOUZA, Rogério Ribeiro de
This work investigates the role of women collectors of seeds in the construction of practical knowledge with demarche gender relations as a nodal point for the elaboration of this knowledge in inspite of sexual and social divisions of work. The locus of the research is the Maguari community, located inside of National Tapajós Forest, Belterra, Western of Pará. The collectors of seed play the role of learning, to master n and use the resources available in the forest. This role is effectivated in knowledge across generations. Therefore the close contact with the same wedge the identity of the social group and gives them the sense of being and existence. The community forest land area according to our observations are made through social relationships between foresters and collectors of seeds. This association to the work of collectors becomes effective and can provide the capital injection required for social production, and also ensures the permanence of populations living within the forest. From what has been observed in the fieldwork is the existing differences in gender relations that emerge in the possible work tasks within the forest hatching in efficient social cooperation strategies between genders, reflecting discussions about echofeminism.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O quadrilátero cabano e as cabanagens nos Sertões da Amazônia: guerra, índios, rios e matas (1790-1841)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-18) BARRIGA, Letícia Pereira; RICCI, Magda Maria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4368326880097299
This study covers indigenous participation in the Cabanagem Revolution. From a historical narrative, this thesis sets out to understand the Cabanagem Revolution that took place in Amazon backlands based on the indigenous protagonism around the actions of three ethnic groups, the Mura, the Munduruku and the Mawé. Inhabitants and masters of an immense area, the interfluve of the Madeira, Tapajós and Amazonas rivers, these indigenous people have printed their cultural marks with their arts of war and own interests, leading the cabanagem battles in the interior of the province towards increasingly radicalized directions, shaping their territory into a Cabano Quadrilateral. Through ancestral knowledge of forest, the indigenous people were able to act in an imperative way, determining in a large extent the advances and setbacks of the Cabanagem Revolution. In this sense, within a chronological arrangement, the thesis develops its narrative supporting its main argument that the Cabanagem lasted so long, leading to a process that was difficult to resolve due to its radicalization by the effective indigenous participation. Throughout the eight chapters the thesis is based, showing how indigenous actions from the second half of the 18th century, but especially 1790, and in the first two decades of the 19th century, went through a process of reworking their ways of opposing the colonial project. Thus, in the 1830s, their actions were radicalized, broking with the institutional channels of resolving their issues, and deciding for armed struggle, taking part in the civil war that broke out in Grão-Pará. Using the method of the indicative paradigm and the methodology of Ethnohistory, we located, through the traces left in the documentation, the indigenous evidence in the Cabanagem built in the Amazon backlands.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Quando os paus de fruta da mata viram plantas: o amálgama entre a agricultura e floresta na Resex Arióca Pruanã, Oeiras do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-30) SILVA JUNIOR, Amintas Lopes da; SANTOS, Sonia Maria Simões Barbosa Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2136454393021407; SABLAYROLLES, Maria das Graças Pires; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0250972497887101
The present study is a research, undertaken from a qualitative approach, about the food use of wild plant species by the people of the Melancial Village, one of the greatest human agglomerations of the Arióca Pruanã Extractivist Reserve, at Pará State. The wild food plant species are all listed as producers of edible fruits. Were registered management, collect, prepare and consume practices for these species, as well as the role of the family members in each one of the coted steps. Were undertaken efforts for understanding the factors that lead people to collect and consuming these species and register the knowledge that those people have about them. In addition, was sought to verify if these species are in some way threatened. It was found that the strategies of obtaining food are diversified in Melancial and match each other in a complex calendar that herein includes activities as agriculture, fishery, animal husbandry, hunting, collect of wild fruits and buying groceries. However, if these activities have in common the objective of ensuring the access to food, they too are found imbricate at the daily practices, which, in its whole, result in landscape management. The repertory of knowledge required to the maintenance of the lifestyle of the villagers from Melancial extrapolates that strictly related to the flora and fauna species. This outline includes yet the capacity of analyzing climatic, pedological, topographic and hydrographic phenomena, in a context marked by distinct practices and social events, in addition to ways of resource appropriation. Factors such as the esteem for the fruits and the maintenance of belonging and identity links condition as well as physiological and economic factors the choice for the wild fruits in the families’ diet. The work sexual segregation evidences itself subtly at the management, collect, prepare and consume steps of the wild fruits. Except for the wood exploitation, there are no threats for these wild food plant species. The domain over the territory seems to be circumscribing itself increasingly to the limits of the community area. The yards and orchards stand as interface between agriculture and extractivism. The agriculture depends on the forest and reconfigures it in “capoeiras” and orchards, such as the forest penetrates at the yards as the wild plant species are introduced therein by human hands. The result of this management is the agroforestry of the landscape, visible face of the amalgam between agriculture and forest.