Navegando por Assunto "Forests"

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Do comum ao privado: as transformações quanto aos principais usos da floresta na Comunidade Santa Maria Assentamento Olho D'Agua II, Município de Moju/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-03-31) MOREIRA, Liliane Freitas Costa; MOTA, Dalva Maria da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4129724001987611
This study analyses how changes in land tenure regime influences the use of forests by small farmers in the Amazon frontier. The study compared the management practices adopted by farmers in the past, when they hold a communal area of forest, with the practices adopted after the creation of a settlement with each family holding individual plots. Specifically the research focused on changes in access to hunt and in use of slash-and-burn agriculture, both fundamental activities to farmer’s economies. The research was carried out in Santa Maria Community, part of Olho D’Água settlement, in the municipality of Moju, State of Pará, Brazil. The research was conduced between May and July 2008 and included literature review and interviews with local farmers during the field research. The study revealed significant reduction in capture of hunt by local farmers given to restricted access to hunting areas which are now privet and also given to higher demand caused by the increasing number of settled families. As hunt is no longer abundant, farmers intensified slash-and-burn agriculture as a source of food as well as cash income for buying meet in local markets. It is expected that such study fill the gap regarding the lack of researches in the Northern Pará's settlements, especially the relations that the locals have established with the forest in the changes of property regimes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Economia de PFNM na Resex Guariba Roosevelt no noroeste Mato-Grossense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-18) SANTOS, Alessandra Maria Filippin Passos; CATTANIO, Jpsé Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1518769773387350; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8335-9593
The Brazilian Amazon provides ecosystem services that are crucial for the entire planet, including carbon sequestration, climate regulation, biodiversity maintenance, and hydrological cycles. However, these benefits are increasingly threatened by environmental pressures, forest conversion, and illegal economic activities. To address these challenges, Brazil has implemented measures such as the creation of protected areas, such as Conservation Units. Among these, the Extractive Reserves (RESEX) stand out, as sustainable-use areas that are home to traditional communities, such as extractivists. This thesis focuses on the extractive activities within the Guariba Roosevelt RESEX, located in the state of Mato Grosso, the only RESEX in the state facing significant environmental pressures. The primary source of income for the extractivists is the exploitation of nontimber forest products (NTFP), and forest preservation is essential for maintaining their traditional way of life. To meet the study's objectives, an interdisciplinary methodology was employed, combining a bibliographic review of major academic scientific databases with field research in the RESEX, using semi-structured questionnaires. The results demonstrated the socioeconomic profile of the extractivists, showing that the majority are aged 40 or older, indicating a trend of younger generations leaving in search of alternative opportunities. This shift impacts the NTFP production. The study also identified the main NTFPs harvested in the RESEX and those with untapped potential, which remain unexploited due to logistics challenges, lack of training and insufficient labor. Additionally, a land use and land cover analysis using remote sensing data (raster format) from MapBiomas was conducted to assess erosion, avoided deforestation total carbon stock, and the RESEX ' s potential in the carbon market. Finally, the perceptions of extractivists regarding climate change, biodiversity, and outmigration of young people were analyzed. The findings indicate that young people are leaving the RESEX primarily for employment and education opportunities, and infrastructure improvements, they have lost interest in extractive activities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Forest deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon states and its impacts on natural resources: construction of statistical-econometric panel model for 2000-2018
(Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2020) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; AIRES, Alana Paula de Araújo
In Brazil, deforestation in the Amazon is the main factor which is responsible for the destruction of natural resources and environment degradation. Economic growth and improving income distribution, for example, contribute to an increased demand for land and to the expansion of livestock production. Thus, in order to analyze the effects of economic growth and income distribution on natural resources, first it is necessary to distinguish the dynamics of the economic growth (whether slow or accelerated); and second, it is essential to know the form in which economic growth is taking place: whether through the extensive absorption of using factors of production; or whether through intense absorption with an increase in the productivity of the factors of production due to technical innovations; and third, the fact that the economy grows in a finite ecosystem implies an increase in opportunity costs. The effect of deforestation ultimately affects economic productivity and also provokes other ecological and socioeconomic disruptions. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of deforestation on the natural resources of the area known as Legal Amazon, during the period 2000-2018. For this, statistical-econometric instruments from panel modeling have been used. The central conclusion is that the main regressors associated with the rate of deforestation in the surveyed states continue to be the significant causes of this problem throughout the region. Thus, it is assumed that deforestation in the Amazon is, in fact, the main factor responsible for the destruction of natural resources. However, it cannot be denied that extensive livestock production continues to be the main activity responsible for the significant increase in deforestation in the region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impactos das mudanças climáticas na biomassa florestal Amazônica: Previsão de perda e estratégias de conservação prioritárias para o potencial de biomassa sob as mudanças climáticas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-25) CAMPOS, Mayara Soares; ANJOS, Luciano Jorge Serejo dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0244738999001686; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3270-6679; ADAMI, Marcos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7484071887086439; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-4477
The study addresses the influence of climate change on Aboveground Biomass (AGB) in the Amazon, examining both reduction forecasts and potential increases under different climate scenarios until the end of the century. Using AGB data (GEDI) and climate variables from Global Circulation Models (GCM‘s) and Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP‘s), the research employs Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) to explore spatial patterns of AGB distribution. The results point to a significant decline in AGB, with estimated reductions ranging from 14.2% to 32.1%, where the average vegetation density could drop to 177.61 Mg/ha-1 by 2040 and 140.43 Mg/ha-1 by 2100, indicating a decrease in the forest's carbon sequestration capacity, especially in the northeast, central-east, west, and south regions of the Amazon. Conversely, potential AGB gains were identified in specific areas of the Brazilian Amazon, mainly in the northwest and southeast regions, covering the Negro, Xingu, and Tapajós river basins, under both future scenarios. Indigenous Lands (TI‘s) emerge as crucial for conservation, exhibiting greater AGB gains in both scenarios analyzed. This study underscores the importance of mitigation strategies and the role of protected areas in maintaining Amazon resilience in the face of future climate adversities. By highlighting areas of potential AGB increase, it emphasizes the significance of preserving and valuing protected areas and TI‘s as fundamental strategies to address environmental and climate challenges. This approach not only focuses on mitigating AGB loss but also recognizes the potential of specific regions to positively contribute to Amazon resilience amid future climate changes. Therefore, this study is of great importance for both science and public policy formulations, as it provides an analysis of the impact of AGB climate change in the Amazon, essential in the carbon cycle and, by extension, in mitigating global climate change. By identifying vulnerable regions and those with potential AGB increase, it highlights the urgency of targeted conservation strategies.