Navegando por Assunto "Fruta Amazônica"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Compostos bioativos e potencial antioxidante da fruta Jacaiacá (Antrocaryon amazonicum)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-14) BARBOSA, Anna Paula Pereira; CHISTÉ, Renan Campos
Bioactive compounds are secondary metabolites from plants, which are found in leaves, stem, seeds, peel, flowers and fruits. Such compounds exhibit antioxidant properties, since they can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) as one of the mains mechanisms of action. Among the fruits present in the Amazonian estuary, the Jacaiacá (Antrocaryon amazonicum) was already reported as a promising source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds and carotenoids. In this study, the individual profiles of carotenoids and phenolic compounds in the pulp and peel of Jacaiacá, from two different cities in Pará State, Brazil (Cametá and São Caetano de Odivelas) was identified and quantified by LC-MS. Moreover, the antioxidant potential of the fruit extracts, from both parts against ROS and RNS of physiological importance, was assessed. According to the proximate composition, water and carbohydrates were the main constituents from the peel and pulp of the jacaiacá pulp. The highest levels of bioactive compounds were found in the fruits of São Caetano de Odivelas in both parts (peel and pulp) and the phenolic compounds contents of 6555.9 mg EAG/100 g and 2855.89 mg EAG/100 g. In relation to carotenoid profiles, the major compounds were all-trans-lutein, followed by all-trans-zeaxanthin and all-trans β cryptoxanthin; in addition all-trans-β-carotene and 9-cis- were also identified. Ten phenolic compounds were identified, being galoyl catechin, catechin, quercetin glucuronide and gallic acid the major ones. Regarding the antioxidant capacity, the peel extracts were more efficient in scavenging ROS and RNS than the pulp extracts. The peel extract showed higher efficiency against singlet oxygen (1O2) (IC50 = 16.41µg / mL), hypochlorous acid (HOCl) (IC50 = 20.19 µg / mL), peroxynitrite (ONOO-) (IC50 = 37.81µg / mL) and superoxide anion radical (O2 •- ) (IC50 = 47.09µg / mL), while the pulp extract was more efficient against ONOO- , followed by HOCl (IC50 = 29.70 µg / mL), ¹O2 (IC50 = 75.84 µg / mL) and less efficient against O2 •- ( IC50 = 144.07 µg / mL). Therefore, jacaiacá fruit was characterized as a great source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties to be used by the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Produção de carotenoides por leveduras Rhodotorula rubra, utilizando caroço de açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) como substrato para a fermentação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-12-28) IGREJA, Willen Silva; LOPES, Alessandra Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8156697119235191; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-5859; CHISTÉ, Renan Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0583058299891937; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4549-3297
Carotenoids are fat-soluble bioactive compounds present in plants, animals and in microorganisms, with wide biotechnological, pharmaceutical and food applications. Rhodotorula yeasts are able to biosynthesize carotenoids inside their cells when they are subjected to adverse environmental conditions, this biotechnological process can be industrially viable if the production cost can be minimized with low-cost by-products as sources of nutrients. Therefore, the objective of this work was the production of carotenoids using açai seed as a substrate for the fermentation of the yeast Rhodotorula rubra. The açai seeds were characterized and exhibited 3,62% of cellulose; 58,61% hemicellulose, 11,63% lignin; 14% extractive; 4,63% 1,52% protein and 1,93% ash. The liquor from acid hydrolysis with diluted sulfuric acid was characterized and provided a liquor with 45.25 g/L of sugars, consisting mainly of xylose (93%), and low concentrations of inhibitors (0.0088 g / L of furfural; 0,2382 hydroxymethylfurfural and 1,76 ± acetic acid). Regarding the cultivation of yeast with acai seed as substrate, the best conditions for the production of biomass were pH 7, 40 °C and 200 rpm, while the best conditions for carotenoid biosynthesis were pH 7, 30 °C and 200 rpm. These conditions provided 2 g of dry yeast biomass and a carotenoid concentration of 37.59 µg/g of dry biomass. Among the identified carotenoids, β-carotene (77%), cis-g-Carotene (6,9%) and torulene (4,5%) were the major carotenoids. Therefore, açaí seed showed a high potential to be used as a fermentation substrate for the yeast R. rubra to biosynthesize carotenoids as a product with high added value.