Navegando por Assunto "Gado de leite"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Afecções podais em vacas da bacia leiteira de Rondon do Pará
(2009-11) SILVEIRA, José Alcides Sarmento da; ALBERNAZ, Tatiane Teles; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
Foot diseases are some of the main causes of low performance in dairy cows. In order to determine the prevalence, clinical classification and to establish the epidemio-logical factors of foot diseases in cows from basin milk of Rondon do Pará, 1,236 cows were evaluated and 275 had at least one type of foot injury. A total of 655 lesions was showed which a prevalence of 22.25%. Most frequent lesions were interdigital hyperplasia (80.92%), claw overgrowth (6.42%), and interdigital necrobacillosis (6.11%). Hind limbs were most frequently affected (61.83%), and lesions affecting the interdigital space were the most common in both the thoracic (36.34%) and hind limbs (48.09%). Epidemiological study showed that the environmental characteristics such as mountainous areas, newly formed grassland (with trunks and branches of trees), irregular ground, and mud and gravel in the floor of the pens may promote the development of foot lesions. In 95.5% of the farms, no measures had been taken for the control and prophylaxis of foot diseases. The specific clinical examination of the feet was efficient for the diagnosis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência e etiologia da mastite bovina na bacia leiteira de Rondon do Pará, estado do Pará
(2011-02) OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; SILVA, Natália da Silva e; MENDONÇA, Carla Lopes de; SILVEIRA, José Alcides Sarmento da; OAIGEN, Ricardo Pedroso; ANDRADE, Stefano Juliano Tavares de; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The prevalence and the etiology of bovine mastitis in the dairy region of the county of Rondon of Pará were investigated. The sensibility and the resistance of the isolated agents to the antimicrobiotics was evaluetad; 237 mixed-bred milk cows were used on nine properties, which were hand milked once a day and kept on Brachiaria brizantha pasture, with supply of mineral salt and water ad libitum. Clinical examination of the mammary gland, the test of the sieve and California Mastitis Test were performed. Of the 935 examined mammary quarters, 6.6% had subclínical mastitis, 1.3% clinical mastitis, and 92.1% were negative. The isolated bacteria in the clinical mastitis were coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp. (25%), Staphylococcus aureus (16.7%), Streptococcus spp. (8,3%), and Corynebacterium spp. (8.3%). In the subclínical mastitis coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp. (32.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (17.7%), Staphylococcus intermedius (1.6%), Streptococcus spp. (4.8%), Corynebacterium spp. (4.8%), and coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp./S.aureus (1.6%) were isolated. There was no microbial growth in 41.7% of the samples with clinical mastitis and in 37.1% with subclínical mastitis. In the antibiogram, 100% of the isolated negative coagulase Staphylococcus spp., S. aureus, S. intermedius, and Streptococcus spp. were sensitive to sulfazotrim. On the other hand, Corynebacterium spp. were 100% resistant to this same antimicrobiotic. Cefalotina, cefoxitina and gentamicina were efficient against the isolated Staphylococcus spp. which represent the greater part of the mastitis agents in this study. Mastitis was diagnosed in all flocks studied, however the number of affected animals was considered low; this probably is due to low milk production of the cows and to permanence of the calf with the mother after milking, what favors emptying the mammary gland. But hygienic sanitary measures and management practices have to be improved.