Navegando por Assunto "Gasification"

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atendimento de energia elétrica domiciliar para comunidades isoladas de baixa potência do interior do estado do Pará através de um gaseificador de 1kw
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-12-11) BRITO NETO, Osmundo Batista de; ROCHA, Brigida Ramati Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9943372249006341
In Pará State, almost 21% of its population has no access to use of electric energy in their residence. To this universe belongs the target audience from this report, that are the isolated communities. Due the large territorial extension and hydrographic basin in Pará State, this communities will have many difficulties to be served by the extension of distribution network. The proposal of this report consists in the use of the Açaí seed as biomass to an Indian co-current and open top gasifier of 1 Kg/hour, adapted and adjusted to the specifications of this region; the gasification system is connected to a generator of 2 KVA (Diesel or Gas), to supply with electric energy for the isolated communities where already exists the biomass as a result of the Açaí seed processing that is been considered as garbage. In this context, the governmental programs were examined in order to support this proposal, using the proposed system as one of many options to serve with electric energy by alternative source.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização de um gaseificador do tipo downdraft
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) ALVES, Charles Denys da Luz; NOGUEIRA, Manoel Fernandes Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2324813094737469
The gasification is a thermo-chemical conversion of biomass in fuel gas which can be used as a fuel in internal combustion engines or as a syngas for chemical industry. To quantify the performance of a gasifier we must quantify the energy contained in the gas produced and relate to the amount of energy contained in the biomass that feeds the gasifier, Energy Efficiency, and even with regard to levels of carbon converted from biomass into the gas produced, Carbon Conversion. This paper assesses the energy efficiency and carbon conversion in a prototype of an Indian downdraft gasifier type produced by a local company (Floragás). The gasifier nominal parameters are: gas production capacity of 45 kWt, açaí seeds consumption of 15 kg/h. The gasifier reactor dimensions are ID 150 mm and height in 2000 mm). Its energy efficiency and rate of carbon conversion were quantified, the drop in pressure due to the reactor bed and the gas temperature were also measured at the reactor exit and quantified the concentration of tar, particulate and not condensable gases (CO, CO2, CH4, SO2, N2 and NOx) in the flue gas after cleaning system.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Predição do desempenho de gasificadores de biomassa utilizando equilíbrio químico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-08-10) OLIVEIRA, Antônio Geraldo de Paula; NOGUEIRA, Manoel Fernandes Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2324813094737469
The gasification technology has been object of study of many researchers, especially those involved in power generation use biomass. This paper presents a simplified model for biomass gasification based on chemical equilibrium considerations. The model consists in the minimization of the Gibbs free energy of the produced gas, constrained by mass and energy balances for the system. Despite the simplicity of the model, its results are reliable in identifying the tendencies of the working parameters for the system. Biomass composition, gasification temperature (air supplied), moisture content, air temperature, and heat losses are parameters that may be varied in order to evaluate different operational points. Results obtained are compared to those found in real operation of gasification processes and they shown good agreement.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Simulação numérica da gaseificação de biomassa em leito fixo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) ITAI, Yuu; MALICO, Isabel; BRASIL, Augusto César de Mendonça; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0571960641751286
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of açaí seeds rejected after processing in Belém - Pará, in order to be used as a source of biomass for energy production by gasification. Elemental analysis results obtained in LABCAT - UNB on a dry basis were obtained with percentages of Carbon, 46.06% Hydrogen, 6.01%, Oxygen, 43.37% , Nitrogen 4.33%and Sulfur 0.08%. These values and other parameters obtained in an experimental study carried out by the studies of Santos (2011) and Cruz (2010), were used to perform a numerical simulation of the gasification process by means of a zero dimensional FORTRAN code developed specifically for this purpose. Variations of the influence of equivalence ratio and moisture content in the concentrations of CO, H2 and CH4 were compared with experimental results. A transient one-dimensional model developed by Hla (2004) was also analyzed. Using the application of a mechanism of two steps pyrolysis where the primary tar (or oxygenated) are initially formed and then cracked into secondary tar (or oil) and other combustible gases. Thus is revealed the complexity of physical and chemical processes that occur in the reactor by the use of energy and mass balance information and rates of chemical reaction of the recommendations and the physical transport processes. The computer model can predict the profile of the gas composition, temperature, primary and secondary tar along the longitudinal axis of the gasifier. Data results have been obtained from both models and after the phenomena behaviour was analyzed in comparison with the experimental data obtained by Santos (2011).