Navegando por Assunto "HIV-1"

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Alterações endócrinas e metabólicas em pacientes HIV positivos com lipodistrofia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-11-30) YAMANO, Ernesto Yoshihiro Seki; LIBONATI, Rosana Maria Feio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3818175484709618
Lipodystrophy is one of the complications of highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART). This study evaluates the metabolic and endocrine changing in patients with lipodystrophy. Forty patients were evaluated and classified as lipoatrophy, lipohypertrophy and mixed syndrome. We analyzed insulin resistance for HOMA-IR (Homeostasis Model Assesment Insulin Resistance), fasten glucose and OGTT, urea, creatinine, TSH, Free T4, cortisol, DHEA, ratio cortisol/DHEA, prolactin, testosterone (in male), FSH, LH and estradiol (in female), total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, uric acid. Anthropometrics measures (Weight, height, body mass index, waist, hip and skin folds thickness), ultrasonographic exams for evaluate hepatic steatosis and measure of bone density. The isolated lipohipertrophy occurred only in female (p<0,05). The mean of age was similar in the groups, without changing in the distribution by age group. Dyslipidemia occurred in all groups after HAART (lipodystrophy mixed, 100%, lipohypertrophy, 80% and lipoatrophy, 70%). Antropometric data showed waist increased in the female with lipohypertrophy (98+ 13,4) and decreased in female with lipoatrophy (76,8 + 6,1). Patients with lipoatrophy have been eutrophic (82,4%) and patients with lipohypertrophy have overweight or obesity (60%). Male was associated with osteoporosis (p < 0,05). We found elevated prevalence of the dyslipidemia (85%) and metabolic syndrome (37,5%) in all groups. The metabolic syndrome was associated with lipohypertrophy. No significant changes were found in the thyroid, cortisol, cortisol/DHEA ratio, testosterone, FSH, LH and prolactina. Conclusions: Female is associated with isolated lipohypertrophy, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Male is related with Osteopenia and osteoporosis. Hepatic steatosis were common, but is not influenced for a type of lipodystrophy. Hormonal changing were unusual events in lipodystrophy.
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Characterization of mannose-binding lectin plasma levels and genetic polymorphisms in HIV-1-infected individuals
(2011-02) VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário; FREITAS, Felipe Bonfim; GUIRELLI, Isabella; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; AZEVEDO, Vânia Nakauth; VALLINOTO, Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres; ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; ISHAK, Ricardo
INTRODUCTION: The present study investigated the association between mannose-binding lectin (MBL) gene polymorphism and serum levels with infection by HIV-1. METHODS: Blood samples (5mL) were collected from 97 HIV-1-infected individuals resident in Belém, State of Pará, Brazil, who attended the Special Outpatient Unit for Infections and Parasitic Diseases (URE-DIPE). CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and plasma viral load were quantified. A 349bp fragment of exon 1 of the MBL was amplified via PCR, using genomic DNA extracted from controls and HIV-1-infected individuals, following established protocols. MBL plasma levels of the patients were quantified using an enzyme immunoassay kit. RESULTS: Two alleles were observed: MBL*O, with a frequency of 26.3% in HIV-1-infected individuals; and the wild allele MBL*A (73.7%). Similar frequencies were observed in the control group (p > 0.05). Genotype frequencies were distributed according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both groups. Mean MBL plasma levels varied by genotype, with statistically significant differences between the AA and AO (p < 0.0001), and AA and OO (p < 0.001) genotypes, but not AO and OO (p = 0.17). Additionally, CD4+ T-lymphocytes and plasma viral load levels did not differ significantly by genotype (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that MBL gene polymorphism or low plasma MBL concentrations might have a direct influence on HIV-1 infection, although a broader study involving a large number of patients is needed.
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Characterization of polymorphisms in the mannose-binding lectin gene promoter among human immunodeficiency virus 1 infected subjects
(2008-11) VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário; MUTO, Nilton Akio; ALVES, Anna Elizabeth Martins; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; AZEVEDO, Vânia Nakauth; SOUZA, Lia Lobato Batista de; ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; ISHAK, Ricardo
The present study investigated the prevalence of mutations in the -550 (H/L) and -221 (X/Y) mannose-binding lectin (MBL) gene promoter regions and their impact on infection by human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) in a population of 128 HIV-1 seropositive and 97 seronegative patients. The allele identification was performed through the sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction method, using primer sequences specific to each polymorphism. The evolution of the infection was evaluated through CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts and plasma viral load. The allele and haplotype frequencies among HIV-1-infected patients and seronegative healthy control patients did not show significant differences. CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts showed lower levels among seropositive patients carrying haplotypes LY, LX and HX, as compared to those carrying the HY haplotype. Mean plasma viral load was higher among seropositive patients with haplotypes LY, LX and HX than among those carrying the HY haplotype. When promoter and exon 1 mutations were matched, it was possible to identify a significantly higher viral load among HIV-1 infected individuals carrying haplotypes correlated to low serum levels of MBL. The current study shows that haplotypes related to medium and low MBL serum levels might directly influence the evolution of viral progression in patients. Therefore, it is suggested that the identification of haplotypes within the promoter region of the MBL gene among HIV-1 infected persons should be further evaluated as a prognostic tool for AIDS progression.
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Co-infecção vírus da imunodeficiência humana e vírus da hepatite C (HIV/HCV): aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e laboratoriais de uma população atendida em um serviço de hepatopatias na cidade de Belém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) AMARAL, Ivanete do Socorro Abraçado; SOUZA, Rita Catarina Medeiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3560941703812539
The Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection currently appears as co-morbidity, which can intervene mainly in natural history of hepatitis C. Describing demographic, clinical and laboratorial aspects including histopathological examination, was the objective of this study. Between august of 2004 to december of 2006, 36 co-infected patients were selected for this study. 92% were from Belém, with 42 years old medium age; 72.52% singles; 83.5% male and 61.1% heterosexuals. Among possible risk factors for HCV, 41, 7% referred injectable illicit drug use, 38,9% intranasal cocaine and 38,9% syringe share. History of alcoholism (77,8%) and TARV use had been the possible factors for hepatic illness aggravations. A patient showed clinical signals of hepatic failure from chronic disease. Among biochemical hepatic tests, medium ALT and AST levels had been 68UI/L and 61UI/L, respectively. T CD4+ lymphocytes medium levels were 327cells/mm3. Medium HIV viral load was 2,53 log10 copies/mL (ep=0,34). Medium HCV viral load was 5,90log10UI/mL. HCV genotype 1 was the most frequent (58,82%). 57% of the patients submitted to liver biopsy presented fibrosis ranging from moderate to severe and 11% did not presented fibrosis by METAVIR classification. There was association between T CD4+ lymphocytes and ALT or AST levels (p=0,0009 and p=0,0002), and there was association between HCV genotype 1 and HCV-RNA viral load higher or equal to 6 Log10 (p=0,34). There was association between HCV-RNA and HIV-RNA (p=0,039) viral load. The patients presented good health conditions, no signs of liver failure and immunological stability, but showed important liver structure alterations. Therefore, they are good candidates for HCV antiviral therapy. Perhaps, future studies using controlled group, having a large casuistry are necessary for better understanding of HIV/HCV co-infection.
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Descrição de outras doenças sexualmente transmissíveis em pessoas infectadas pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana do tipo 1
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1998) MESQUITA, Francisco Carlos Lopes de; ISHAK, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5621101706909450
Ninety patients seroreactive to HIV-1 were studied in order to describe the clinical manifestations of other sexually transmitted diseases as well as the demographic and behaviour factors associated to the HIV-1 infected and AIDS patients. The majority (83.3%) were males with a mean age of 31.4 years of age (range between 18 and 60 years) and a monthly family income for 79.5% of less than five mininum wages. At least one type of ilicit drug was used by 51.1% and 20.7% were intravenous drug users. Among them, 94.4% referred to a previous episode of a sexually transmitted disease. The subjects revealed that 41.6% were bisexuals, 38.2% heterosexuals and 20.2% were homosexuals. Approximately 51.1% of the bisexual subjects were intravenous drugs users and all referred to have had ano-rectal intercourse and were all positive for the presence of antibodies to Chlamydia. The mean age of the first sexual relation with penetration and the first episode of sexually transmitted disease were at 14.7% and 20.6% years of age, respectively. The vast majority (95.5%) of the subjects experienced multiple sexual partners before the knowledge of their HIV-l positive serology status. Among the 73.3% that referred a previous episode of sexually transmitted diseases, 82.2% also referred urethral discharge, syphilis and herpes simplex. At physical examination, 36.6% (33/90) presented urethral, anal and vaginal discharge and genital lesions such as discharges (51.1%), vesicles (18.1%), warts (18.1%), lymphadenopathy (18.1%), ulcers (12.1%) and papules (6%). Reaction to the VDRL and antibodies to Chlamydia were present in 13.7% and 96.4%, respectively. The vast majority referred ano-retal intercourse and previous episodes of sexually transmitted diseases.
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Estudo da susceptibilidade à infecção pelo HIV-1 e da progressão da AIDS em associação ao polimorfismo no gene Mbl (Lectina Ligadora de Manose)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-09-12) COSTA, Marcos Rogério Menezes da; VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3099765198910740
The low serum concentration of Mannose-Binding Lectin (MBL) is associated to the presence of variant alleles Mbl-*B, Mbl-*C and Mbl-*D, and it results in an increased susceptibility to recurrent infections. The present study investigated the association between the Mbl gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. A fragment of 349 bp from the exon 1 of the Mbl gene was amplified by PCR and then submitted to RFLP analysis using the endonucleases BanI and MboII, aiming the identification of the variant alleles. The study of 145 seropositive patients and 99 healthy controls showed the presence of alleles Mbl-*A, Mbl-*B and Mbl-*D, with frequencies of 69%, 22% and 9% among patients and 70.2%, 13.6% and 16.2% among healthy controls, respectively. The analysis of the genotype frequencies showed a high prevalence of the genotypes carriers of variant Mbl-*B among patients seropositive as compared to the healthy controls. Furthermore, the genotype B/B was six times more frequent among patients than the observed to the healthy controls (χ2=4.042; p=0.044). The mean viral load was lower in HIV-1 seropositive patient carrying the Mbl-*A allele than those carrying the variant Mbl-*B allele (5,821 copies/mL vs. 52,253 copies/mL; p= 0.05). Furthermore, patients carrying the allele Mbl-*A showed a significant reduction of the viral load (p<0.001), that was not observed among those carrying the variant Mbl-*B (p=0.999). The results suggest the importance of the Mbl gene polymorphism on the clinical evolution of the patients infected by HIV-1 and that the identification of the Mbl genetic profile, among HIV-1 infected patients, may be an important tool to monitor the evolution and the prognosis of diseases.
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Estudo epidemiológico de agentes virais (HIV, HTLV, VHB e CMV) identificados em adolescentes grávidas atendidas em um centro de referência do Sistema Único de Saúde de Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-11-05) GUERRA, Aubaneide Batista; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8099461017092882
The prevalence of infection by viral agents such as HIV-1, HTLV1/2, VHB and CMV is not so much known in pregnant teenage population from the North region of Brazil. One of the objectives of this study was to describe the prevalence of infections HIV-1, HTLV1/2, VHB and CMV in pregnant adolescents, attended in a Reference Center in the State of Pará. To achieve the objectives, it was collected blood samples from 324 pregnant adolescents, who came from several cities of the State, from November of 2009 to February of 2010. The samples were submitted to an immuno-enzymatic test (ELISA), in order to detect antibodies Anti- HIV, Anti- HTL V1/2, Anti- VHB and Anti- CMV IgM/ IgG. The serological analysis revealed one serum positive sample for HIV-1, two positives samples for HTLV1/2, while the majority of samples showed antibodies Anti-CMV-IgG, although the occurrence of high infection was low (2.2%). The prevalence of infection for VHB in pregnant adolescents was 0.62%, however a great number (83.3%) of adolescents are susceptible to the infection by VHB, what means they probably were not immunized. The majority of adolescents (63.4%) continued their studies, even though they know about their pregnancy and 34.6% started prenatal later, so they only had a minimum number of four consultations of prenatal. The result reinforces the hypothesis that pregnant adolescents have prevalence for those viral type infections, what is similar to the national pregnant women rates. The prevalence of viral subtypes (HTLV-2 and HIV-1 subtype B) obtained by the molecular characterization of serum positive samples from pregnant adolescents agreed with the prevalence of subtypes from the North region.
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Evaluation of the therapeutic response of hepatitis C in coinfected patients (HIV/HCV): a study of cases from a hospital for chronic liver diseases in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon
(2013-02) AMARAL, Ivanete do Socorro Abraçado; MÓIA, Lizomar de Jesus Maués Pereira; BARBOSA, Maria Silvia de Brito; DEMACHKI, Samia; ARAÚJO, Marialva Tereza Ferreira de; SOARES, Manoel do Carmo Pereira
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic response of hepatitis C in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). METHODS: A retrospective study of 20 patients coinfected with HIV-1/HCV who were treated in the outpatient liver clinic at the Sacred House of Mercy Foundation Hospital of Pará (Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará - FSCMPA) from April 2004 to June 2009. Patients were treated with 180µg PEG interferon-α2a in combination with ribavirin (1,000 to 1,250mg/day) for 48 weeks. The end point was the sustained virological response (SVR) rate (HCV RNA negative 24 weeks after completing treatment). RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 40±9.5 years, of which 89% (n=17) were male, and the HCV genotypes were genotype 1 (55%, n=11/20), genotype 2 (10%, n=2/20) and genotype 3 (35%, n=7/20). The mean CD4+ lymphocyte count was 507.8, and the liver fibrosis stages were (METAVIR) F1 (25%), F2 (55%), F3 (10%) and F4 (10%). The early virological response (EVR) was 60%, the end-of-treatment virological response (EOTVR) was 45% and the SVR was 45%. CONCLUSIONS: The median HCV viral load was high, and in 85% of cases in which highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was used, none of the patients with F3-F4 fibrosis responded to treatment. Of the twenty patients treated, 45% achieved SVR and 45% achieved EOTVR. Studies that include cases from a wider region are needed to better evaluate these findings.
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Frequencies of CCR5-D32, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositive subjects and seronegative individuals from the state of Pará in Brazilian Amazonia
(2005-12) CARVALHAES, Fernanda Andreza de Pinho Lott; CARDOSO, Greice de Lemos; VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; ISHAK, Ricardo; GUERREIRO, João Farias
The distribution of genetic polymorphisms of chemokine receptors CCR5-D32, CCR2-64I and chemokine (SDF1-3 A) mutations were studied in 110 Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) seropositive individuals (seropositive group) and 139 seronegative individuals (seronegative group) from the population of the northern Brazilian city of Belém which is the capital of the state of Pará in the Brazilian Amazon. The CCR5-D32 mutation was found in the two groups at similar frequencies, i.e. 2.2% for the seronegative group and 2.7% for the seropositive group. The frequencies of the SDF1-3 A mutation were 21.0% for the seronegative group and 15.4% for the seropositive group, and the CCR2-64I allele was found at frequencies of 12.5% for the seronegative group and 5.4% for the seropositive group. Genotype distributions were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg expectations in both groups, suggesting that none of the three mutations has a detectable selective effect. Difference in the allelic and genotypic frequencies was statistically significant for the CCR2 locus, the frequency in the seronegative group being twice that found in the seropositive group. This finding may indicate a protective effect of the CCR2-64I mutation in relation to HIV transmission. However, considering that the CCR2-64I mutation has been more strongly associated with a decreased risk for progression for AIDS than to the resistance to the HIV infection, this could reflect an aspect of population structure or a Type I error.
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HLA-Bw4-B*57 and Cw*18 alleles are associated with plasma viral load modulation in HIV-1 infected individuals in Salvador, Brazil
(2010-10) SILVA, Edinete Melo da; ACOSTA, Angelina Xavier; SANTOS, Eduardo José Melo dos; MARTINS NETTO, Eduardo; LEMAIRE, Denise Carneiro; OLIVEIRA, Adriano Silva; BARBOSA, Ana Caroline de Matos; BENDICHO, Maria Teresita; CASTRO FILHO, Bernardo Galvão; ALVES, Carlos Roberto Brites
Host genetic factors play an important role in mediating resistance to HIV-1 infection and may modify the course of infection. HLA-B alleles (Bw4 epitope; B*27 and B*57) as well as killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors have been associated with slow progression of HIV-1 infection. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between serological epitopes HLA-Bw4 and HLA-Bw6 and prognostic markers in AIDS. METHODS: 147 HIV-infected individuals in Bahia, Northeast Brazil, were genotyped for HLA class I locus. HLA class I genotyping was performed by hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes following amplification of the corresponding HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C genes. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact and ANOVA tests for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. RESULTS: We detected a significant association (χ2 = 4.856; p = 0.018) between the presence of HLA-Bw4 and low levels of viremia. Eighteen out of the 147 HIV-infected individuals presented viremia <1,800 copies/mL and 129 presented viremia > 2,000 copies/mL. Ninety and four percent (17/18) of all individuals with viremia < 1,800 copies/mL carried HLA-Bw4, compared to 67.4% (87/129) of individuals with viremia > 2,000 copies/mL. Additionally, we found a significantly higher frequency of B*57 (OR = 13.94; 95% CI = 4.19-46.38; p < 0.0001) and Cw*18 (OR = 16.15; 95% CI = 3.46-75.43; p < 0.0001) alleles, favoring the group with lower viremia levels, in comparison with those with higher viral load. CONCLUSION: HLA-Bw4-B*57 and Cw*18 alleles are associated with lower level of viral load in HIV-infected Brazilian patients. These findings may help us in understanding the determinants of HIV evolution in Brazilian patients, as well as in providing important information on immune response correlates of protection for such population.
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JC virus/human immunodeficiency virus 1 co-infection in the Brazilian Amazonian region
(Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, 2016-08) VALLINOTO, Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres; VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário; PENA, Giselle Priscila dos Anjos; AZEVEDO, Vânia Nakauth; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; ISHAK, Ricardo
JC virus (JCV) is a member of the Polyomaviridae family and is associated with a severe disease known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, PML, which is progressively increasing in incidence as an opportunistic infection among AIDS patients. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of JCV among HIV-1 carriers including their types and molecular subtypes and the possible association with disease.Urine samples from 66 HIV-1 infected subjects were investigated for the presence of the virus by amplifying VP1 (215 bp) and IG (610 bp) regions using the polymerase chain reaction. JCV was detected in 32% of the samples. The results confirmed the occurrence of type B (subtype Af2); in addition, another polyomavirus, BKV, was also detected in 1.5% of samples of the HIV-1 infected subjects. Apparently, there was no significant difference between mono- (HIV-1 only) and co-infected (HIV-1 / JCV) subjects regarding their TCD4 + / TCD8 + lymphocyte counts or HIV-1 viral plasma load. Self admitted seizures, hearing and visual loses were not significantly different between the two groups.
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Molecular characterization of human T-cell lymphotropic virus coinfecting human immunodeficiency virus 1 infected patients in the Amazon region of Brazil
(2005-07) LAURENTINO, Rogério Valois; LOPES, Ivina Giselle Lima; AZEVEDO, Vânia Nakauth; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; MOREIRA, Márcio Ronaldo Chagas; SOUZA, Lia Lobato Batista de; ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; ISHAK, Ricardo; VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário
The present work evaluated the epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus 1/human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HIV-1/HTLV) coinfection in patients living in Belém (state of Pará) and Macapá (state of Amapá), two cities located in the Amazon region of Brazil. A total of 169 blood samples were collected. The sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine the presence of antibodies anti-HTLV-1/2. Confirmation of infection and discrimination of HTLV types and subtypes was performed using a nested polymerase chain reaction targeting the pX and 5' LTR regions, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing analysis. The presence of anti-HTLV1/2 was detected in six patients from Belém. The amplification of the pX region followed by RFLP analysis, demonstrated the presence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections among two and four patients, respectively. Sequencing HTLV-1 5' LTR indicated that the virus is a member of the Cosmopolitan Group, Transcontinental subgroup. HTLV-2 strains isolated revealed a molecular profile of subtype HTLV-2c. These results are a reflex of the epidemiological features of HIV-1/HTLV-1/2 coinfection in the North region of Brazil, which is distinct from other Brazilian regions, as reported by previous studies.
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Polymorphism in the promoter region of the mannose-binding lectin gene among human T-cell lymphotropic virus infected subjects
(2007-12) ALVES, Anna Elizabeth Martins; HERMES, Renata Bezerra; TAMEGÃO-LOPES, Bruna Pedroso; AZEVEDO, Vânia Nakauth; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; ISHAK, Ricardo; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário
The present study investigated the frequency of the mutations at positions -550 and -221 of the mannose-binding lectin (MBL) gene in a sample of 75 human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infected patients and 96 HTLV seronegative controls, in order to evaluate the occurrence of a possible association between the polymorphism and HTLV infection. A sequence specific primer-polymerase chain reaction was used for discrimination of the polymorphism. The analysis of allele frequencies at position -550 did not show any significant differences between HTLV infected group and controls, but there was a significant difference at position -221. The comparative analysis of haplotypes frequencies were not significant, but the genotype frequencies between the two groups, revealed a higher prevalence of genotype LYLX (25.3%), associated with medium and low MBL serum levels among HTLV infected subjects. The odds ratio estimation demonstrated that the presence of genotype LYLX was associated with an increased risk of HTLV infection (p = 0.0096; 1.38 < IC95% < 7.7605). There was no association between proviral load and the promoter polymorphism, but when promoter and exon 1 mutations were matched, it was possible to identify a significant higher proviral load among HTLV infected individuals carrying haplotypes correlated to low serum levels of MBL. The present study shows that the polymorphism in the promoter region of the MBL gene may be a genetic marker associated with HTLV infection, and emphasizes the need for further studies to determinate if the present polymorphism have any impact on diseases linked to HTLV infection.
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Sensibilidade da técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase para HIV-1 em relação à técnica de ensaio imunoenzimático
(2002-03) REZENDE, Priscila Rocha de; ALVES, Giselle Bastos; PEREIRA, Luciana Maria Cunha Maradei; VALE, Teonice Joaquina Lima; PIMENTA, Adriana do Socorro Coelho; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de
O vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) é o agente etiológico da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida, AIDS, uma doença de grande preocupação médica. O genoma deste vírus encontra-se arranjado em nove genes individuais e por duas estruturas idênticas denominadas de repetições terminais nas extremidades 5' e 3'. Tivemos como objetivo analisar a sensibilidade do teste da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e o teste de ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA), como teste para triagem de doadores de sangue para HIV. Foram analisadas 200 amostras de doadores e pacientes, da Fundação HEMOPA, com padrão positivo e indeterminado no teste ELISA. Na triagem sorológica pelo ELISA tiveram como resultado 35 amostras positivas, 75 amostras negativas e 90 amostras indeterminadas as quais foram submetidas ao teste pela PCR. Vinte e cinco amostras tiveram resultado positivo e 175 amostras negativas. Com estes resultados concluímos que a reação de PCR apresenta-se positiva somente nas amostras em que o teste ELISA apresenta relação DO/cutoff, acima de 3.
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Serological Evidence of HTLV-I and HTLV-II Coinfections in HIV-1 Positive Patients in Belém, State of Pará, Brazil
(1998-06) VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário; AZEVEDO, Vânia Nakauth; SANTOS, Domingos Ezenildo Matos dos; MARTINS, Sandra Suely Caniceiro; MESQUITA, Francisco Carlos Lopes de; HALL, William W.; ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; ISHAK, Ricardo
The occurrence of HTLV-I/II and HIV-1 coinfections have been shown to be frequent, probably in consequence of their similar modes of transmission. This paper presents the prevalence of coinfection of HTLV among HIV-1 infected and AIDS patients in Belém, State of Pará, Brazil. A group of 149 patients attending the AIDS Reference Unit of the State Department of Health was tested for the presence of antibodies to HTLV-I/II using an enzyme immunoassay and the positive reactions were confirmed with a Western blot that discriminates between HTLV-I and HTLV-II infections. Four patients (2.7%) were positive to HTLV-I, seven (4.7%) to HTLV-II and one (0.7%) showed an indeterminate pattern of reaction. The present results show for the first time in Belém not only the occurrence of HTLV-II/HIV-1 coinfections but also a higher prevalence of HTLV-II in relation to HTLV-I. Furthermore, it also enlarges the geographical limits of the endemic area for HTLV-II in the Amazon region of Brazil.
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Soroprevalência e caracterização molecular do Vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e do Vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas (HTLV) em mulheres profissionais do sexo do Estado do Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-08-03) SOUSA, Ronaldo Lopes de; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8099461017092882
The Women’s Professional of the Sex (WPS) constitute a vulnerable population to the acquisition of sexually transmissible illnesses (STI) in virtue of the type of activity that they play. The present work had as objective to describe the serumprevalency of the infection and the molecular characterization of the HIV and the HTLV of WPS of the State of Pará, Brazil. Blood sample’s of 339 WPS were collected, being 105 proceeding from the city of Barcarena, 31 of the city of Augusto Correa, 98 of the city of Bragança and 105 of the city of Belém, in the period of April of 2005 the August of 2006. All the plasma samples had been tested for the presence of antibodies anti-HTLV-1/2 and anti-HIV-1/2, by means of the use of a immune enzimatic assay. The prevalence of the HIV-1 and the HTLV-1 in the studied population was of 2,36% and 1,77%, respectively. The amplification of the gene pro of the HIV-1 disclosed subtypes B and F, whereas the samples of HTLV, had been classified as HTLV-1 of the Cosmopolita subtype of the Transcontinental sub-group. It had a significant association of the infection for the HIV-1 with the age band, the number of partners per week and with the capricious use of condoms. However, the infection for the HTLV-1 alone showed significant association in relation to the capricious use of condom. The sexual relation was the most likely way of acquisition of the infection for the two viral agents, considering that the report of use of injective drugs was rare. Being thus, the WPS need bigger attention of the public agencies of health, specially in relation to the prevention and monitoring of transmissible agents by sexual pathways, as these can be important in the acquisition and dissemination of these agents.