Navegando por Assunto "Habitat"

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Ameaça aos habitats: avaliação da cobertura e uso da terra na área do município de Tailândia (PA) pela monocultura da palma de óleo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-01) FERNANDES, Bianca Moraes; RAVENA, Nírvia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0486445417640290
One of the main catalysts for endangered species is habitat loss. Therefore, the assessment of land cover and use in the municipality of Tailândia, which is the largest producer of palm oil in the state of Pará, seeks to understand how monoculture can impact on the region's biomes and subsequently the habitats of endemic species. This understanding is based on the theoretical framework of ecological economics, the counter-discourse of sustainable development and Indigenous authors. To understand how biodiversity loss occurs, we use literature on mass extinctions and the Anthropocene. Finally, we seek to trace the path of palm oil to the Amazon, where its monoculture has affected the entire region socio-environmentally. The maps were produced with images from MapBiomas, which monitors different land uses in Brazil, with the Geographic Information System, using the free software QGIS (3.34), as well as data from the IBGE. Extinction is evaluated using the threat scale established by the IUCN, which together with ICMBio, and its SALVE system, SiBBr and GBIF, are used to assess which species occur in the Amazon biome area that are threatened with extinction and could be impacted by palm oil monoculture in the region. As a result, it is possible to observe that there is a large occurrence of species in the geographical area, and there are also records of endangered species that inhabit or pass through the area of the municipality of Tailândia (PA). The SALVE system has records of 223 endangered species that occur in the state of Pará. In SiBBr, there are records of 2,211 species occurring in the municipality of Tailândia. In GBIF, 1,362 occurrences of species were recorded in the municipality of Tailândia.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Colonização por anfíbios e lagartos de áreas reflorestadas no Platô Saracá, região de Porto Trombetas-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) SARMENTO, João Fabrício de Melo; GALATTI, Ulisses; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1040132527458660
Few studies have considered faunal colonization of reforested areas after mining. To determine patterns of colonization of reforestation areas in Porto Trombetas, Pará, we examined species composition, richness, abundance and biological characteristics of amphibian and lizard species. Also I evaluated the effect of vegetation structure and distance to native forests on the community of amphibians in reforested areas. Amphibians and lizards were sampled along eight occasions in four-eight reforestation areas and four areas of native forests through active search and using artificial ponds for amphibian reproduction. Twenty species of amphibians and 20 species of lizards were registered, with 14 species of amphibians and 11 species of lizards in reforestations and 19 species of amphibians and 16 species of lizards in native forests. Among amphibians, Leptodactylus sp., Osteocephalus oophagus e Allobates femoralis were the most abundant species in the two environments. Among lizards, Gonatodes humeralis and Leposoma guianense were the most abundant species in reforestations and native forests, respectively. Amphibians with terrestrial reproduction or which use small temporary ponds to spawn and arboreal lizards were the most abundant groups in the reforested areas. Fossorial and semifossorial amphibians and litter lizards were the main absent groups in the reforested areas, suggesting that the current stage of vegetation succession does not offer appropriate microhabitats for some species. Species richness of amphibians was higher in areas with larger canopy cover. Areas with larger canopy cover had also higher abundance of Leptodactylus sp., A. femoralis and O. oophagus. Only four species of amphibians have used the artificial ponds for spawning and there was no significant relationship between the number of species that used the ponds and the distance to native forest or the canopy cover. Osteocephalus oophagus spawn in ponds most farer and A. femoralis in ponds closer to the native forest. Results show that amphibian and lizard fauna in reforestation areas is a subgroup of the native forest fauna and encompasses forest species which indicate the relative importance of these areas for the conservation of the local fauna.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribuição espaço-temporal da ictiofauna de poças de maré de um estuário amazônico: interação de fatores
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-02-28) OLIVEIRA, Rory Romero de Sena; GIARRIZZO, Tommaso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5889416127858884
The intertidal rockpool ichthyofauna has been studied for several years in temperate and tropical regions at the Pacific Coast, however, in Brazil, the knowledge about it is still incipient. The aim of the present study was to investigate the fish assemblages in tidepools located in three different habitats: rocky outcrop, mangrove forest and salt marsh, at Areuá Island, Curuçá river estuary, North Brazil. Samples were taken quarterly from February 2009 to November 2009, during the spring tide, following a standardized methodology. The physicochemical parameters changed along a topographic gradient and were responsible for the spatio-temporal distribution of fish fauna at rocky outcrop tidepools. Salinty, mean depth and substrate heterogeneity were the parameters that more explained the variations in fish fauna distribution A clear segregation of fish assemblages was found between the tidepools of rocky outcrop and vegetated habitats (tideools in mangrove forest and saltmarsh). These findings suggest that the fish fauna has preferences for some habitats influenced by environmental variables and substrate heterogeneity. However, more researches should be conducted taking into account inter-and intra-specific relationships.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Environmental structure affects taxonomic diversity but not functional structure of understory birds in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2019-09) OLIVEIRA, Jocieli de; ALMEIDA, Sara Miranda; FLORÊNCIO, Fernando do Prado; PINHO, João Batista de; OLIVEIRA, Dalci Mauricio Miranda de; SANTOS, Raphael Ligeiro Barroso; RODRIGUES, Domingos de Jesus
Changes in environmental characteristics can affect habitat use by birds, impacting the number of individuals, number of species, and changing species composition and functional structure of assemblages. Metrics that evaluate the functional structure of biological assemblages constitute a complementary tool to the traditional taxonomic approach, because they quantify the differences between species by means of functional traits. We assessed the effect of environmental characteristics on the taxonomic diversity (species richness, species composition and number of individuals) and functional structure (functional richness, functional evenness, Rao’s functional diversity, and community-weighted mean traits) of bird assemblages in northern Mato Grosso state, in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon. We sampled birds in 32 plots. At each plot birds were captured using mist nets, and eight environmental variables were measured: canopy openness, leaf litter, elevation, number of trees in three classes of DBH, soil clay content, and distance to nearest stream. To evaluate functional structure, we measured seven morphological traits from individuals of each bird species. Habitat variables had a significant effect on taxonomic diversity. However, the general functional structure was not affected. Elevation and distance to nearest stream were the main variables driving changes in taxonomic diversity and had a minor effect on functional richness. The other metrics of functional structure were not significantly affected by the set of environmental variables. Our results suggest that the sampled bird assemblages exhibit some functional tolerance (redundancy) to small-scale environmental variation, implying certain resilience to ecosystem modification.