Navegando por Assunto "Hepacivirus"

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Análise de polimorfismo na região promotora do gene da Interleucina 18 (-137 G/C e -607 C/A) em pacientes portadores do vírus da hepatite C de Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03-23) SANTOS, Kemper Nunes dos; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
Since its discovery in 1989, the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been recognized as a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Considered a public health problem worldwide involving between 170 to 350 million people infected. Host genetic factors have been implicated in the persistence of HCV infection. Studies suggest that two single nucleotide polymorphisms at position -607 C/A (rs1946518) and -137 G/C (rs187238) in the region of the gene IL-18 and have been found associated with the transcriptional promoter activity of IL -18, and potentially of IFN-γ, being associated with delayed viral clearance and persistence of the disease. We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study of the city of Belém-PA in 152 blood samples from patients infected with HCV and 188 uninfected controls. The samples were subjected to RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase - PCR) for detection of viral RNA and, subsequently, the PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) to evaluate the polymorphism in the promoter region of IL-18 gene at positions -137 G/C and -607 C/A. The results showed no significant difference for IL-18 polymorphisms between patients and control group. But showed a significant difference for homozygous genotypes G/G (39.1%) at position -137 (OR = 3.00, CI [95%] = 1.24 – 7.22, p = 0.02), and A/A (21.7 %), position -607 (OR = 3.62, CI [95%] = 1.25 – 10.45, p = 0.03) among women than men (22.6% and 7.6%). The results showed evidence that among women, the presence of the polymorphism homozygous A/A (-607) acts as a protective factor against HCV infection, genotype as the A/A (-607) have been linked in some studies with liver disease and mild viral clearance.
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Association of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor polymorphisms with chronic hepatitis C and responses to therapy in Brazil
(2013) VASCONCELOS, Janaina Mota de; MÓIA, Lizomar de Jesus Maués Pereira; AMARAL, Ivanete do Socorro Abraçado; MIRANDA, Esther Castello Branco Mello; TAKESHITA, Louise Yukari; OLIVEIRA, Layanna Freitas de; MENDES, Lilian de Araújo Melo; SASTRE, Danuta; TAMEGÃO-LOPES, Bruna Pedroso; PEDROZA, Larysse Santa Rosa de Aquino; SANTOS, Sidney Emanuel Batista dos; SOARES, Manoel do Carmo Pereira; ARAÚJO, Marialva Tereza Ferreira de; BANDEIRA, Camila Lucas; SILVA, Adriana Maria Paixão de Sousa da; MEDEIROS, Zilene Lameira de; SENA, Leonardo dos Santos; DEMACHKI, Sâmia; SANTOS, Eduardo José Melo dos
Soroprevalence for Hepatitis C virus is reported as 2.12% in Northern Brazil, with about 50% of the patients exhibiting a sustained virological response (SVR). Aiming to associate polymorphisms in Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) with chronic hepatitis C and therapy responses we investigated 125 chronic patients and 345 controls. Additionally, 48 ancestry markers were genotyped to control for population stratification. The frequency of the KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL2+HLA-CAsp80 gene and ligand was higher in chronic infected patients than in controls (p < 0.0009, OR = 3.4; p = 0.001, OR = 3.45). In fact, KIR2DL3 is a weaker inhibitor of NK activity than KIR2DL2, which could explain the association of KIR2DL2 with chronic infection. Moreover, KIR2DS2 and KIR2DS2+HLA-CAsp80 (p < 0.0001, OR = 2.51; p = 0.0084, OR = 2.62) and KIR2DS3 (p < 0.0001; OR = 2.57) were associated with chronic infection, independently from KIR2DL2. No differences in ancestry composition were observed between control and patients, even with respect to therapy response groups. The allelic profile KIR2DL2/KIR2DS2/KIR2DS3 was associated with the chronic hepatitis C (p < 0.0001; OR = 3). Furthermore, the patients also showed a higher mean number of activating genes and a lower frequency of the homozygous AA profile, which is likely secondary to the association with non-AA and/or activating genes. In addition, the KIR2DS5 allele was associated with SVR (p = 0.0261; OR = 0.184).The ancestry analysis of samples ruled out any effects of population substructuring and did not evidence interethnic differences in therapy response, as suggested in previous studies.
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Carcinoma hepatocelular e as infecções pelos vírus das hepatites B e C na Amazônia Oriental: estudo clínico-sorológico e de biologia molecular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1999-08-06) MIRANDA, Esther Castello Branco Mello; BENSABATH, Gilberta; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0818254462635138; CRUZ, Ermelinda do Rosário Moutinho da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6061358867607317
In order to contribute to a better understanding of the possible role of hepatitis B and C in the etiopathogenis of hepatocellular carcínoma (HCC) in the East Amazon, there were studied 36 patients admited in three public hospitais in Belém/PA, from January,1992 to March,1999. The criteria to be enrolled in the study were the association of clinical and image procedures, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) above 400nglml in the serum and/or histopathology examination compatible to hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinical aspects, biochemical and histological examination, serum levei of AFP and serological B and C hepatitis markers were evaluated. Polymerase chain reaction assays were used to detect serum virus nucleic acids, HBV DNA and HCV RNA. There was a predominance for male sex in the prevalence of HCC (p<0.01 ) in a ratio of 6.2 to 1 (male/female). Regarding age, the Mean and the Median were 50.8 and 53.0 years respectively, and the Amptitude was 6 to 81 years. Most patients (52.7%) carne from rural regions. Farmer was the main occupation referred (p<0.01). Alcohol abuse was observed in 33.3%. Abdominal pain and hepatomegaly were the most recorded sign and symptoms in 94.4% of patients. Cirrhosis was detected in 83.3%. The majority of it belonged to class B or class C of Child-Pugh classification. During diagnosis, 50% of patients had some kind of complication, specially portal-systemic encephalopathy and gastro-intestinal hemorrhage (upper digestive bleeding) related to the originai chronic liver disease. In 88,9% of the sample, one or more hepatitis B markers were positive. Also, 8,3% those patients had anti-HCV simultaneously positive. There were no serological markers in 11,1% of the casuistic. 58.3% had HBsAg serological positive test. Coinfection was detected in 2.8%. Antibodies to HBc were positive in 86%, being present in 25% of cases in association with the anti-HBs. Among patients positive to HBsAg, anti-HBe was observed in 85.7%, anti-HBe in 9.5% and IgM anti-HBc in 57.1%. There were no positive anti-HD in any sample case. The HBV DNA was found in 37.7% of ali patients and in 65% of the HBsAg positive. The HCV RNA was detected in 8.5% of the sample but in 100% of the patients positive to anti-HCV. Sera from patients negative to HBsAg or to anti- HCV had any evidence of HBV DNA or HCV RNA. The AFP was above the normal value in 88.9% of patients, with levels up to 400ng/ml in 75% of them and in 27.8% high titers superior to 70000 ng/ml were observed. The abdominal ultrasonography identified liver tumors with nodules, multiple or single, present respectively in 63.9% and 36.1% of the sample. The predominant histological tumor was trabecular well differentiated carcinoma (p<0.05). The least Mean age and the highest AFP serum levei (p<0.01 ) were recorded among patients HBsAg posítive. Most of patients had advanced illness. A death rate of 38.9% were recorded. In conclusion, hepatitis B virus infection seems to be important in the etiology of HCC in the East Amazon. Improving preventive measures such immunization and screening for early diagnosis of liver tumors in the risk population should be emphasyzed. Further control or direct studies need to be done to elucidate important possible cofactors in the region that may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms enrolled in hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Co-infecção vírus da imunodeficiência humana e vírus da hepatite C (HIV/HCV): aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e laboratoriais de uma população atendida em um serviço de hepatopatias na cidade de Belém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) AMARAL, Ivanete do Socorro Abraçado; SOUZA, Rita Catarina Medeiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3560941703812539
The Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection currently appears as co-morbidity, which can intervene mainly in natural history of hepatitis C. Describing demographic, clinical and laboratorial aspects including histopathological examination, was the objective of this study. Between august of 2004 to december of 2006, 36 co-infected patients were selected for this study. 92% were from Belém, with 42 years old medium age; 72.52% singles; 83.5% male and 61.1% heterosexuals. Among possible risk factors for HCV, 41, 7% referred injectable illicit drug use, 38,9% intranasal cocaine and 38,9% syringe share. History of alcoholism (77,8%) and TARV use had been the possible factors for hepatic illness aggravations. A patient showed clinical signals of hepatic failure from chronic disease. Among biochemical hepatic tests, medium ALT and AST levels had been 68UI/L and 61UI/L, respectively. T CD4+ lymphocytes medium levels were 327cells/mm3. Medium HIV viral load was 2,53 log10 copies/mL (ep=0,34). Medium HCV viral load was 5,90log10UI/mL. HCV genotype 1 was the most frequent (58,82%). 57% of the patients submitted to liver biopsy presented fibrosis ranging from moderate to severe and 11% did not presented fibrosis by METAVIR classification. There was association between T CD4+ lymphocytes and ALT or AST levels (p=0,0009 and p=0,0002), and there was association between HCV genotype 1 and HCV-RNA viral load higher or equal to 6 Log10 (p=0,34). There was association between HCV-RNA and HIV-RNA (p=0,039) viral load. The patients presented good health conditions, no signs of liver failure and immunological stability, but showed important liver structure alterations. Therefore, they are good candidates for HCV antiviral therapy. Perhaps, future studies using controlled group, having a large casuistry are necessary for better understanding of HIV/HCV co-infection.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes among different exposure categories in the State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon
(2011-02) SAWADA, Leila; PINHEIRO, Andréia Cristina Costa; LOCKS, Daiane; PIMENTA, Adriana do Socorro Coelho; REZENDE, Priscila Rocha de; CRESPO, Deborah Maia; CRESCENTE, Jose Angelo Barletta; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; OLIVEIRA FILHO, Aldemir Branco de
INTRODUCTION: Epidemiological studies concerning HCV genotypic distribution in the Brazilian Amazon are scarce. Thus, this study determined the patterns of distribution of HCV genotypes among different exposure categories in the State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 312 HCV-infected individuals belonging to different categories of exposure, who were attended at the HEMOPA, CENPREN and a private hemodialysis clinic in Belém. They were tested for HCV antibodies using an immunoenzymatic test, RNA-HCV, using real-time PCR and HCV genotyping through phylogenetic analysis of the 5' UTR. The population groups were epidemiologically characterized according to data collected in a brief interview or medical consultation. RESULTS: Genotype 1 predominated in all the different categories of HCV exposure. HCV genotypic distribution among blood donors comprised genotypes 1 (94%) and 3 (6%). All patients with chronic hematologic diseases had HCV genotype 1. The genotypic distribution in illicit-drug users comprised genotypes 1 (59.6%) and 3 (40.4%). In patients under hemodialysis, genotypes 1 (90.1%), 2 (3.3%), and 3 (6.6%) were detected. Finally, the frequency of genotypes 1 and 3 was significantly different between the groups: BD and DU, PUH and DU, PUH and PCHD and PCHD and DU. CONCLUSIONS: The genotypic frequency and distribution of HCV in different categories of exposure in the State of Pará showed a predominance of genotype 1, regardless of the possible risk of infection.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Evaluation of the therapeutic response of hepatitis C in coinfected patients (HIV/HCV): a study of cases from a hospital for chronic liver diseases in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon
(2013-02) AMARAL, Ivanete do Socorro Abraçado; MÓIA, Lizomar de Jesus Maués Pereira; BARBOSA, Maria Silvia de Brito; DEMACHKI, Samia; ARAÚJO, Marialva Tereza Ferreira de; SOARES, Manoel do Carmo Pereira
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic response of hepatitis C in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). METHODS: A retrospective study of 20 patients coinfected with HIV-1/HCV who were treated in the outpatient liver clinic at the Sacred House of Mercy Foundation Hospital of Pará (Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará - FSCMPA) from April 2004 to June 2009. Patients were treated with 180µg PEG interferon-α2a in combination with ribavirin (1,000 to 1,250mg/day) for 48 weeks. The end point was the sustained virological response (SVR) rate (HCV RNA negative 24 weeks after completing treatment). RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 40±9.5 years, of which 89% (n=17) were male, and the HCV genotypes were genotype 1 (55%, n=11/20), genotype 2 (10%, n=2/20) and genotype 3 (35%, n=7/20). The mean CD4+ lymphocyte count was 507.8, and the liver fibrosis stages were (METAVIR) F1 (25%), F2 (55%), F3 (10%) and F4 (10%). The early virological response (EVR) was 60%, the end-of-treatment virological response (EOTVR) was 45% and the SVR was 45%. CONCLUSIONS: The median HCV viral load was high, and in 85% of cases in which highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was used, none of the patients with F3-F4 fibrosis responded to treatment. Of the twenty patients treated, 45% achieved SVR and 45% achieved EOTVR. Studies that include cases from a wider region are needed to better evaluate these findings.
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Infecção pelo HCV em uma unidade de diálise em Belém-Pará: desempenho de testes imunoenzimáticos em relação à técnica de biologia molecular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1998) CARTÁGENES, Paulo Roberto Brito; ISHAK, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5621101706909450; ARAÚJO, Ronaldo
The main objective of this study was to make a comparative evaluation of four 3rd generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Ortho, Ubi, BioChem and Abbott), for the detection of HCV antibody and Roche polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kit. Serum samples were obtained from 19 members of the staff (grupo A) and 66 patients (grupo B), who were undergoing either hemodialysis (n=54) or peritoneal dialisys (n=12) in a dialysis unit in Belém, Pará. Altogether, the four ELISA kits agreed in 89,5% and 81,8% when results of groups A and B were compared, respectively. Overall rates of HCV antibody ranged from 34,1% to 37,5%. These rates among the patients ranged from 42,4% to 47%. While HCV-RNA was detected by PCR in 25 (37,9%) of the patients (of whom 24 in the hemodialysis subgroup), no PCR-positive results could be yielded among the staff members. When compared with the PCR, the four ELISA kits showed sensitivity, specificity and predictive values with differences that were not statistically significant. Of interest, serum samples from 12,5% to 20% of HCV-infected patients – as diagnosed by PCR – yielded negative results when tested by the four ELISA kits. An additional finding was that increase in the aminotransferasis levels does not seem occur as a result of HCV infection, it is notable that the risk of HCV infection increases following hemodialysis procedure during six months or more, among those patients who are older than fifty years. In addition, among patients subjected to hemodialysis, a high rate (13%) of HBV carriers was found.
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Likely transmission of hepatitis C virus through sharing of cutting and perforating instruments in blood donors in the State of Pará, Northern Brazil
(2010-04) OLIVEIRA FILHO, Aldemir Branco de; PIMENTA, Adriana do Socorro Coelho; ROJAS, Márcia de Fátima Maciel de; CHAGAS, Márcia Cristina Munhoz; CRESPO, Deborah Maia; CRESCENTE, Jose Angelo Barletta; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de
We determined the risk factors for HCV infection in blood donors in the State of Pará, Northern Brazil. We examined 256 blood donors seen at the Blood Bank of Pará State between 2004 and 2006. They were divided into two groups, depending on whether they were infected with HCV or not; 116 donors were infected with HCV, while the other 140 were free of infection. The HCV-RNA was detected by real-time PCR. All of the participants filled out a questionnaire about possible risk factors. The data were evaluated using simple and multiple logistic regressions. The main risk factors for HCV were found to be use of needles and syringes sterilized at home (OR = 4.55), invasive dental treatment (OR = 3.08), shared use of razors at home (OR = 1.99), sharing of disposable razors in barbershops, beauty salons, etc. (OR = 2.34), and sharing manicure and pedicure material (OR = 3.45). Local and regional health authorities should educate the public about sharing perforating and cutting materials at home, in barber/beauty shops, and in dental clinics as risk factors for HCV infection.
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Prevalence and genotyping of hepatitis C virus in blood donors in the state of Pará, Northern Brazil
(2010-02) OLIVEIRA FILHO, Aldemir Branco de; PIMENTA, Adriana do Socorro Coelho; ROJAS, Márcia de Fátima Maciel de; CHAGAS, Márcia Cristina Munhoz; CRESCENTE, Jose Angelo Barletta; CRESPO, Deborah Maia; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de
Given the scarcity of epidemiological information on hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Northern Brazil, we determined the prevalence and genotypic frequency in blood donors in the state of Pará (PA). Blood samples from all of the blood donors at the Fundação HEMOPA (blood bank of PA) from 2004-2006 were screened for the presence of antibodies to anti-HCV and samples seroreactive to anti-HCV were further tested for HCV RNA using real-time PCR. In total, 116 HCV-RNA samples were genotyped, based on maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses, using BioEdit, Modelgenerator, PHYML and FigTree software. The population consisted of 242,726 volunteers who donated blood from 2004-2006; the most common subgroup was males between the ages of 18-29 years old (37.30%). Within the whole group, 1,112 blood donors (0.46%) had indeterminate or positive serology; among these, 28.78% were males whose ages ranged from 18-29 years. A diagnosis of chronic HCV infection was confirmed for 304 donors (60.20% males; 66.45% were 30-49 years old), resulting in a prevalence of HCV RNA in 0.13% of the samples (304 of 242,726). HCV genotyping revealed a high frequency of genotype 1 (108/116) followed by genotype 3 (8/116). This study found HCV infection to be relatively infrequent in PA; genotype 1 was most commonly isolated. This information can help guide prevention and control policies aimed at efficient diagnosis and control measures.
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Soroepidemiologia das hepatites virais B e C nas comunidades ribeirinhas residentes na região do lago da usina hidrelétrica de Tucuruí, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-02-06) ALMEIDA, Marcella Kelly Costa de; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
Viral hepatitis is a disease caused by different etiologic agents that have in common hepatotropism. Epidemiologically, the relevance of these diseases is due to the wide geographic distribution and the huge number of infected individuals in virtually every country in the world. For this study were 668 randomly selected residents of the islands of Tucuruí dam lake. We collected blood samples for research of serological markers HBsAg, anti-HBc, Anti-HBs and anti-HCV using enzyme immunoassay. Patients with reactive serology for HCV were tested by molecular biology (RT-PCR and RFLP) for detection of viral genotypes. Of the 668 coastal studied, 1.95% were positive for HBsAg, 28% for Anti-HBc Total and 41.91% for anti-HBs. The presence of the marker anti-HBs alone (vaccine response) was observed in 25.75% of the volunteers. The serological marker for hepatitis C was observed in 2.24%, and of these 70% had genotype 1. The results indicate an intermediate level of endemicity in this region for HBV and HCV. In addition to HBV vaccination coverage is low.
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O uso da técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) em tempo real em doadores de sangue soropositivos para o anti-HCV
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003) PIMENTA, Adriana do Socorro Coelho; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0820294977759092
The HCV is a spherical virus that presents a RNA genome with a positive polarity. Actually classified into the flaviridae family, and Hepacivirus genre, presenting a 9.4 Kb constituted by a unique and long open reading frame (ORF) which comprises almost all the genome. It presents two untranslated regions (UTR) at the 5' and 3' extremities. The major polyprotein is clivated in ten minors proteins, resulting in structural and non-structural proteins. This virus shows preferentially the blood transmission and is distributed around the world. The diagnosis has been done accidentally in the most of cases while sorological and molecular screening is done. This work has as the main objective, to compare the imuno-enzematic assay (ELISA) with polimerase chain reaction test (PCR) in the occasion of pre-selection of blood donors. Detection screening by PCR was done in 290 samples that were positive or indeterminate for ELISA assay. The result analysis showed that the samples positive-ELISA/positive- PCR and positive-ELISA/negative-PCR are two different and independent samples (p=0,0006). This difference is supposed to be due a differential immunologic response of the samples that presented positive PCR result. We attended a correlation between DO/cut-off (ELISA) and viral load in PCR as we see in other virus like HIV, however the results appears totally disperse (R2=0,025), confirming the non-correlation between the two testes, ELISA and PCR for detection of virus C.
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Vírus da Hepatite C: prevalência dos genótipos, fatores de risco, alterações bioquímicas e histopatológicas de pacientes atendidos no Núcleo de Medicina Tropical
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) FECURY, Amanda Alves; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
The hepatitis caused by HCV is a silent disease that tends to develop into the chronic form. The viral persistence depends on genetic factors of the individual and the virus (genotypes), lifestyle and exposure to risk factors increase the chances of the carrier to develop hepatocellular carcinoma. This study objective to check the liver function of patients with hepatitis C and evaluate the risk factors for acquiring the virus and determine the most prevalent HCV genotypes and the genotypes correlate with histopathologic findings of liver biopsies.. The sample consisted of 152 adult patients with reagent serology (ELISA) for anti-HCV, who agreed to participate, collected blood samples for analysis and answered an epidemiological questionnaire. Epidemiological analysis showed most male, age 45 years and a predominance of married or stable individuals. Regarding risk factors for acquiring the infection, there was a multiplicity of partners, not condom use, hospitalizations, and manicure kits share. In the detection of viral RNA, 107 (70,4%) were positive, with 97 (90,6%) genotype 1 and 10 (9,4%) genotype 3. There was no variation in the biochemical assays, the genotypes and histophatological changes. Of the 65 patients who underwent liver biopsy and histopathological examination, all patients had chronic hepatitis. Analyzing the histopatological changes and viral genotypes found association of these variables, with the genotype 1 related histological changes more intense. The results are in agreement with other previously reported.