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Navegando por Assunto "Hipocampo"

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    Alteração diferencial nos astrócitos radiais do hipocampo e neurogênese em aves marinhas com rotas migratórias constantes
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-08-17) LIMA, Camila Mendes de; MAGALHÃES, Nara Gyzely de Morais; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2519507561210918; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6611-6880
    Little is known about environmental influences on radial glia–like α cells (radial astrocytes) and their relation to neurogenesis. Because radial glia is involved in adult neurogenesis and astrogenesis, we investigated this association in two migratory shorebird species that complete their autumnal migration using contrasting strategies. Before their flights to South America, the birds stop over at the Bay of Fundy in Canada. From there, the semipalmated sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) crosses the Atlantic Ocean in a non-stop 5-day flight, whereas the semipalmated plover (Charadrius semipalmatus) flies primarily overland with stopovers for rest and feeding. Using hierarchical cluster and discriminant analysis of morphometric features to classify three-dimensionally (3D) reconstructed cells, we identified two morphotypes of radial glia, designated as Type I and Type II. The migratory process affected these cells differentially, with more intense morphological changes in Type I than in Type II morphotypes in both species. We also compared the number of doublecortin (DCX)-immunolabeled neurons with morphometric features of radial glial–like α cells in the hippocampal V region between C. pusilla and C. semipalmatus before and after autumn migration. Compared with migrating birds, the convex hull surface of radial glial–like α cells of wintering birds significantly increased in both C. semipalmatus and C. pusilla. This increase correlated with an increase of the total number of DCX-immunolabeled neurons in wintering birds. The decreased radial astrocyte morphological complexity in the semipalmated sandpiper and its increase in the semipalmated plover, a species that probably relies more on visuospatial information for navigation, may be significant, despite phylogenetic and other differences between these taxa. The migratory flight of the semipalmated plover, with stopovers for feeding and rest, versus the non-stop flight of the semipalmated sandpiper may differentially affect radial astrocyte morphology and neurogenesis.
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    Efeitos do quelante de ferro, a deferoxamina, sobre as alterações oxidativas e cognitivas induzidas pela dapsona, em modelo animal
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-11-17) MENDES, Paulo Fernando Santos; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-3328-5650
    Dapsone (DDS) is an antibiotic that works by inhibiting folate synthesis, showing good bacteriostatic action. However, it can lead to severe adverse events such as neurological disorders, methemoglobinemia and hemolysis. These hematological disorders lead to the alteration of iron homeostasis and thereby increase the formation of ROS that can lead to cellular and tissue damage. This change plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases, whether as a causative and / or intensifying agent in these diseases. In this context, we used an iron chelator, deferoxamine (DFX), to evaluate its effects on the formation of ROS triggered by the increase in free iron induced by the use of DDS. For this, the alteration of iron homeostasis was induced in Swiss mice, using DDS, followed by the administration of DFX. After that, oxidative stress parameters were measured in the hippocampus and plasma, in addition to the measurement of iron levels. Our results showed that DDS decreased TEAC and that DFX treatment was restored. In addition, DDS decreased GSH and DFX treatment was restored. It increased the LPO and the treatment with DFX reduced this effect, increased the concentration of iron and that was reversed by the treatment with DFX. Additionally, the animals were submitted to the Morris water maze, where our results showed that animals treated with DDS showed a reduction in mnemonic capacity and that treatment with DFX was able to inhibit loss. These results suggest that the use of iron chelators may be an alternative to reduce the effects of iron accumulation on the nervous system observed in neurodegenerative diseases.
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