Navegando por Assunto "História social"

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 72

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Apontamentos para história da família e demografia histórica da Capitania do Grão-Pará (1750-1790)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-09) CARDOSO, Alanna Souto; VIEIRA JÚNIOR, Antonio Otaviano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6764908679902300
In the History of Brazil Colony, the family had been presented as a basic institution, in view of the relevance of its functions, social, economics and politics, along of this period. It is observed that the historians that research about family in Brazil had been come back toward the Southeastern region, in special the São Paulo society, and few have directed its studies for other regions, clearly those regions where they had been developed societies had not directly entailed to the exporting sector of the Colony and the societies that not received great contingent from foreign. It is also known that the studies of the family, when associated to the historical demography in the Captainship of Grão-Pará, had not obtained more resulted detailed of what the identification of approach statisticians of the distribution’s men and women of different ethnic-social category. It is in this direction that this dissertation, by means of the census of 1778 of the Captainship of Grão-Pará and the trajectory’s analysis of the elite family Morais Bittencourt (1750-1790), intends to delineate the elites and social hierarchies in the society of Pará.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Belém entre filmes e fitas: a experiência do cinema, do cotidiano das salas às representações sociais nos anos de 1920
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-08-12) CARNEIRO, Eva Dayna Felix; SARGES, Maria de Nazaré dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2076421409418420; LACERDA, Franciane Gama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1007392320101957
The social history of cinema is also marked by the habit of frequenting. In addition to the film, elements such as infrastructure and advertising plays a major role in order to create an atmosphere of seduction and involvement with the images displayed. The track of the cinema, among other ways, is linked to the viewer, the physical space of projection rooms and the sociability it worked out. This essay discusses the cinema in the city of Belém (Pará) in the 1920s. To investigate how much the cinema interacted with the urban scene that period. Likewise, we discuss elements of the infrastructure of the rooms such as accommodation, ventilation, and music. We sought to demonstrate that the act of watching a movie in the state capital of those years was just a part of the "ritual" of frequenting the cinema, hence the concern to understand the forms of sociability processed within those rooms. Besides, it is an analysis of the cinema acting as a mediator of social representations of gender and childhood.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Belém, uma história da chuva (1890 – 1920)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-29) GOMES, Kelvyn Werik Nascimento; RICCI, Magda Maria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4368326880097299
This dissertation aims to explore the history of rain in the city of Belém, in the period from 1890 to 1922, with a specific focus on the influence that this natural phenomenon had on certain groups and the city itself. To achieve this, it examines the interest of various social actors in rain in Belém throughout the 19th century, but primarily in the final years of this century and the early 20th century. This includes the observations made by naturalist travelers who visited the region and observed the rain phenomenon, as well as the insights of memoirists and geographers. The work of naturalist Emilio Goeldi in collecting meteorological data is also highlighted, exploring how the study of rain was related to politics and Goeldi's public image, and how this interest became a significant part of scientific research in the region. This dissertation also focuses on the practical implications of rain in the daily lives of Belém's inhabitants. It examines how rain affected the relationship between the population, the Municipal Intendency, and nature, with an emphasis on attempts to address the population's demands regarding rain, especially in terms of urban transformations that have impacted and continue to affect the city and its residents. The influence of newspapers as mediators between the population and the government regarding rain-related issues is also explored, revealing how the media played a significant role in shaping public opinion and government actions. In conclusion, this dissertation delves into the importance of rain as a complex and multifaceted topic in Belém's history during the studied period, considering its impact on the scientific, political, and social spheres of the city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caridade e saúde pública em tempo de epidemias. Belém 1850-1890
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) COSTA, Magda Nazaré Pereira da; FIGUEIREDO, Aldrin Moura de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4671233730699231
Forced to face a serious epidemic crisis that started nearly throughout the second half of the XIX century, the inhabitants of Belém witness, from that moment on, an intense social mobilization that sought to preserve public health in the city. Public health had long ceased being object of interest to the “governo provincial” and now felt the rage of yellow fever, cholera and chickenpox which were erratically making victims around town. Based on these factos this paper seeks to analize some ways used to contain the spread of cases of these cliseases in the capital of the “Província do Pará”, by stressing the sanitary strategies put fort by the people connected to medical science. Such strategies, in most cases carried out by public administration, did not yield worthwhile results; but they interfered with and significatly modified the ways of providing assistance to the most needy patients who were in general helped in the name of charity at the “Santa Casa de Misericórdia” Hospital. The lack of knowledge concerning the etiology of those diseases brought up an even bitterer ideology conflict among medical doctors who disagreed about the possible sources of the epidemic and about the kind of therapeutic methods to be provided to patients at the same time that the risk of contamination also increased “compassion” and “charity” of al who had been direct or indirectly threatened by those diseases.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
As casas & as coisas: um estudo sobre vida material e domesticidade nas moradias de Belém – 1800-1850
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) GUIMARÃES, Luiz Antonio Valente; VIEIRA JÚNIOR, Antonio Otaviano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6764908679902300
This dissertation has the concern in studying the urban homes of Belém in the first half of the century XIX. To identify the social relationships built in these domestic atmospheres, investigated through the use and consumption of objects found in the inventories post mortem, newspapers, travelers' reports and other documentations. To point the path of the influences that suffered the domestic atmospheres, incorporating or producing their own relationships with the house space is a task that I try to discuss. The domesticidade senses permeated by the relative notion of privacy and to the limited access to the consumption of goods materials are possibilities that emerge along the study. It is in this group that I investigate the meaning that the comfort notions, praticidade are projected in the domestic furnitures, and with this to read as the urban inhabitant represented those sensibilities before the residence place in this capital paraense in the middle of the century XIX.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Castanheiros, agricultores e índios: conflitos pelos usos da terra em castanhais do médio Tocantins (1948-1980)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) CARNEIRO, Aldair José Dias; FARIAS, William Gaia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2553754490715388
This paper pays attention for the symbolisms that the grows of chestnut trees from the Medium Tocantins acquired during more than a half century of occupation since, at least, 1892, mainly on the limits from the towns of Marabá and Itupiranga/Pará. For someones, the groves of chestnut trees lands were only sources of income, important way to profit. Those were the motives because the land and the forest products were succesfully appropriated, mainly by ranchers, sellers of chest nuts and municipal representatives. Fore others they constituted inerent spaces for life and which natural environment revelated an essence of a cultural production as the case of the familiar farmers tradicionally installed on little villages and isolated localities. Those adequated traditions on the occupied spaces and developed small agricultures taking as a base forest products as a complement for their subsistences. Embased by written resources and analyzing the memory about the grows of chestnut trees from the medium Tocantins detached the period between 1948 and 1980, with the purpose to visualize the causes and consequences from this antagonism of ideas and points of view relating them with the ways of dealing with the soil and the resources got available by them.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A cidade de Camilo: escravidão urbana em Belém do Grão Pará (1871-1888)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06-26) LAURINDO JUNIOR, Luiz Carlos; BEZERRA NETO, José Maia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7000143949499821
The objective of this dissertation consists in the analysis of some aspects of black slavery in the city of Belem, between 1871 (year of the promulgation of the Law of the Free Womb) and may 1888 (when slavery was abolished). The focus of the research is directed to the “human experience” and the “everyday life” of a population that, despite being significant (at least until the middle of the 1880 decade), does not usually appear in the historiography about Belem in the late 19th century, commonly called Belem of the BelleÉpoque. Component elements of this context, as the boom of the rubber economy, the propagation of the ideas of “civilization”, “modernity” and “progress”, and the growth of the free population, end up leaving no space to the slaves that resided and/or roaming around the city and nuanced its landscape. The criminal process in which was the defendant one of this urban slaves, Camilo João Amancio, will be the conducting wire of the four chapters of this dissertation, that address the following problems: the relation of slaves with the police and justice; their insertion in the world of labor and in the urban market of slaves; the uses and meanings of non-work time that they disposed; and the networks of sociability that they wove with the most diverse individuals.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Conselho Estadual de Saúde - CES/PA - em foco: uma análise da participação e do controle social
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-12-13) KLEIN, Jacqueline Southier; RODRIGUES, Olinda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7223337303425352
This study aimed to address the types of participation and social control employed in the Health Council of the State of Pará – CES-PA from 2001 to 2009. During this period, two laws have regulated the Council. The State Law Nº. 5.751/93 and the State Law Nº. 6.370/01 antagonized and eliminated the basic principle of the participation of the organized civil society in the constitution and composition of the CES/PA by explicitly listing the name of the institutions that could have vote in the collegiate. For this reason the same institutions remained in the Council for more than eight years and the assignment of the Council members occurred by decrees that the managers understood as necessary. This determination in the legislation denied to the population of the State of Pará their right in participating of an open and ample process of choosing of new institutions and Council members each two years. This practice has contributed to what became known as “bionic council” from 2001 on. The method adopted to the development of this Dissertation is the qualitative approach, which demonstrated to fit better to the analysis of social processes. The empirical analysis involved the research of several document types, such as minutes, reports, decrees and other documents. The results allow to conclude that: (1) the type of participation exerted in the CES/PA during the considered nine years was that of the liberal conception and the social control was provided by the State Government on sectors of the civil society; (2) the relationships established between the State Government and the civil institutions of the Health Council was characterized by the cooptation of the civil society that became an instrument of collaboration, with the Council activities being limited to the approval of decisions previously undertaken by the State Government; and (3) the role of the civil institutions in the decision processes and in the task of participation and social control revealed to be of the passive type.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os corpos de trabalhadores na província do Grão-Pará: outros significados para uma política de arregimentação da mão de obra (1835-1840)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-27) LOPES, Patrícia Raiol Castro de Melo; COELHO, Mauro Cezar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7187368960757936
The years of the first half of 19th century are marked by the court attempt to fit the provinces in their pattern of civilization and introduce it in the Imperial State. In Grão-Pará, territory unification and empire consolidation had some conflicts caused by Cabana rebellions. Portuguese Empire called marshal Francisco José de Souza Soares d’Andréa to combat cabanos. Among his worries there were issues such as political disputes between local authorities, military restoration, population control and regional economy development, all related to manpower problems and its insufficiency to perform required services in the province. This is how his speeches take measures to control and civilize the population, defending the renewal of habits and encouraging work. On april 25, 1838, president Soares d’Andréa regulate in Grão-Pará the politics of free worker regimentation establishing a provincial constitution called “Corpos de Trabalhadores”. During some time “Corpos de Trabalhadores” came up in the history as an institution which only aimed the rebel population control in Pará, as an entity to stop Cabanos. Mentioned in the beginning by Cabangem students the economic importance of the corporation is still an object of research. Accordingly, the “Corpos de Trabalhadores” has other meanings. Besides a tool with the objective of population control, the corporation was an attempt to bring peace through manpower concentration. It intended men enlist for necessary services to province economic restoration. In marshal Andréa politic project the key was development, reorganization of industry and Grão-Pará market. Besides, the institution was a politic arrangement between Imperial State and the ones who represented important people in the region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cruentas guerras: índios e portugueses nos sertões do Maranhão e Piauí (primeira metade do século XVIII)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-08-19) MELO, Vanice Siqueira de; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952
In the captaincies of Maranhão and of Piauí, in Portuguese America, there were many wars against Indians throughout the first half of the eighteenth century. This dissertation discusses how the space of these captaincies was described in colonial texts, as well as how the troops contributed to transform the landscape of the region. This dissertation examines how the colonial landscape was composed both by the Indians spaces and by the relationship that indigenous groups established with each other and with Luso-brazilian settlers. This dissertation also discusses how the wars were part of power relations within the State Maranhão and Grão-Pará and how their occurrence depended on specific political interests.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Da Mereba-ayba à Varíola: isolamento, vacina e intolerância popular em Belém do Pará, 1884 -1904
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-07-09) SILVA, Jairo de Jesus Nascimento da; SARGES, Maria de Nazaré dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2076421409418420
The present work tried to find out how the development of Belem, during the 19th century, caused or intensified the problems that already existed, amidst those ones the public health, especially the smallpox epidemic. In terms of times, was highlighted the end of the 19th century, when was intense the debate about the need to make the city more modern. The project to achieve that target was characterized by the excludents principles of the Science of Higiene. This way, this research focused from the year of 1884 to 1904, which was marked by the three smallpox outbreaks in Belem. The main objective of this work was to show the reasons for the intolerance that people had to the ways to prevent the diseases and the therapeutics practices guided by the government, especially the politic of isolation based on the hygienist speech and, as well, the vaccine. The result of this experience during the 19th century in Belem, was negative, resulting in a repulse of these practices.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dinâmica de uso da Praça Olavo Bilac no contexto da cidade de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-10-30) NOVAES, Raquel Santos de; SÁ, Maria Elvira Rocha de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9993934259448457
This work, entitled: Dynamics of use of Olavo Bilac Square in the context of the city of Belém, aimed to identify and analyze the different uses and form of ownership in the Olavo Bilac Square, and for this we start from the assumption that the various uses in this square are revealing the conditions of life imposed by the capitalist mode of production. The methodology is structured from a survey of literature sources concerning the issue, then conducted a documentary research about the origin and history of the square in question, precisely in newspapers, websites and official documents belonging to the Parish of St. Dominic, we also carried out a systematic observation in the study area, the hours of the morning, afternoon and night; every day of the week, but not consecutively. It was also made a roadmap for the application of interviews with vendors and visitors of Olavo Bilac Square, to serve as records of historical reference and records of uses of the respondents. After applying this screenplay we went to the step of the interviews, when we had a conversation with vendors who work within the Square, with people using the square as a passage, and other neighborhood residents who use the square, and that has to do with this, totaling 16 people. The results of this research show that, this square is a reference to leisure, is a place of passage, the encounter, but also the diversity and inequality that the capitalist mode of production imposes on cities and those who live there, because the Olavo Bilac Square as well as all other squares, is the expression of the city, and will express the lifestyle of this city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica populacional e atividade madeireira em uma vila da Amazônia: a vila de Moju (1730-1778)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-15) BATISTA, Regina Célia Corrêa; VIEIRA JÚNIOR, Antonio Otaviano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6764908679902300
This work intends to look into the strategies of occupation / colonization of the Moju´s region to try to understand the practices experienced by many individuals in the colonization process of the Captaincy of Pará. In this scenario logging walked paripassu with extraction, agriculture and other manufacturing activities, catalyzing population and providing fixing stocks mainly the banks of rivers, major roads moving people and goods. In this crop of Portuguese America were settling family units represented not only by masters of mills, as is commonly often thinking, but mainly for many small farmers - Indians, mestizos, blacks and poor whites - leveraging the colonization of the area.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diversão, rivalidade e política: o Re x Pa nos festivais futebolísticos em Belém do Pará (1905- 1950)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-09-20) GAUDÊNCIO, Itamar Rogério Pereira; FONTES, Edilza Joana Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9447513031256372
The study foot ball give is the chance to understand the conflicts and the culture building between the difference peoples in the society. This way, the work here has a objective to do the analise this world in the process of the transformation of the aristocrat sport until to be a popular sport through of the foot ball festival in the Belém do Pará City between 1905 and 1950. these festival that was much more than fun, because they have a serie of the social segments with passion, politics fights through of the his interest take in conflicts that many times can be realize in the suburb games, in the his respective parties and in the Remo versus Paysandú games.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“[...] dividir o corte da lenha [...] afim de não vermos brevemente as nossas matas calvas e estragadas”: a lenha nas Províncias do Pará e Amazonas (1850-1888)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-23) CORDOVIL, Wendell Presley Machado; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140
In the 19th century in the Amazon, the steam vessels that sailed the region’s rivers did not yet use diesel as fuel. House kitchens still did not use “cooking gas”. It was another item that stood out as a producer of energy for steam ships and kitchen stoves in everyday life: firewood. Trees were felled, cut into pieces and turned into “sticks” [achas de lenha]. From the 1850s onwards, firewood became a valuable product for steam navigation on Amazon rivers and for kitchens in homes, institutions or bakeries and hotels. Firewood produced interactions between humans, but also between humans and non-humans, such animals and plants. Indigenous people, blacks, whites, horses and “maçarandubas” (a type of tree) appear as characters in this Master’s Thesis. With documents (such as newspapers, reports from provincial presidents, travel reports, drawings and floor plans) it was possible to understand a little of the complex reality that existed in Pará and Amazonas, between 1850 and 1888, for the production, trade and use of firewood. Focusing on steams and kitchens, this work presents the use of firewood, the mandatory work for the production of this fuel, human interaction with plants, animals, and also the beginning of a concern with deforestation generated by the production of firewood, from its uses and representations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os Donos de São Benedito: convenções e rebeldias na luta entre o catolicismo tradicional e devocional na cultura de Bragança, século XX
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) SILVA, Dario Benedito Rodrigues Nonato da; FONTES, Edilza Joana Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9447513031256372
This dissertation discusses images and representations found in Literature and conflicts for the cultural control in the Commemoration, the Fraternity and the Marujada of Saint Benedict, in the city of Bragança, state of Para, in the Brazilian Amazon, since the thirtieth decade, in the 20th century. Analyzing a wide bibliography of the themes Folklore, Memory, Popular Tradition and Anthropology, the study attempts to explain how the social relations were built between the historic personages of the Catholic church through the Prelazia do Guamá and the Fraternity of Glorious Saint Benedict of Bragança, in relation to literary vision and the main theorists of historiography, to understand the official e popular Catholicism in their representations, as in the symbols made in time, as historical elements in fights between ideals and rules of the ecclesiastic catholic control and the popular reaction against it of the brothers of Saint Benedict.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A economia pastoril e os primórdios do capitalismo na região do Araguaia paraense (1890-1960)
(2007-06) SILVA, Fábio Carlos da
This study analyzes the historical process of occupation in the southern Amazonian region during the republican period before the Brazilian military regime. At that time the main economic activity in the region was the peasantry cattle settlements which presented high economic autonomy and regional isolation. This isolation was partially broken by the rubber extraction in the area which was organized to provide rubber inputs to the North American and European automobile industries. This paper also describes the social and economic characteristics of the region where in the sixty decade of the twenty century the Brazilian Government provided tax incentives to develop cattle projects. The beginning of the substantial environmental and social changes in Amazonia was caused by those projects.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Em águas e lendas da Amazônia: os outros brasis de Waldemar Henrique e Mário de Andrade (1922-1937)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) DIAS, Robert Madeiro; FIGUEIREDO, Aldrin Moura de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4671233730699231
Mário de Andrade and Waldemar Henrique are conceptualized Brazilian artists. The first one as intellectual of renowned importance inside the modernist movement, of the agitated Week of 1922 at the countless inquiries and studies on music and folklore. He was an intellectual forming of an intelligence of the national thought. Waldemar Henrique was the author of a gigantic musical work, his first compositions raise it ―Olhos verdes‖, of 1922, in the Rio receiving the denomination of ―Valsinha do Marajó‖ and ―Minha Terra‖, of 1923. In the decade of thirty his work was enlarged thematically stretching out to causes of black folklore, to dramatic regional dances, to songs and legends of the Amazon region. His studies of the music flowed together with the folklore, and his name constantly is remembered by the association that lasts a long time between his artistic work and the Amazon region. This study is based on the ―notion of experience‖ of the Amazon region on these two intellectuals, at a moment of his works in which this place flows together for the set of legends that gives support and builds the narrative of Macunaíma in Mário de Andrade and for the musical series inspired in the legendary Amazonian universe of Waldemar Henrique. When it was born and created in these bushes and rivers, and in the city of Belém, the other, an inveterate traveler to know new things and to realize, how it affirms ―other Brazil‘s‖. Similarities and differences of his approaches move us to conclusions on the Amazon region itself.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Em nome de Deus, amém!: mulheres, escravos, famílias e heranças através dos testamentos em Belém do Grão-Pará na primeira metade do século XIX
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) PASTANA, Andréa da Silva; VIEIRA JÚNIOR, Antonio Otaviano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6764908679902300
The present dissertation is intended to investigate the strategies of women, slaves, former slaves and free men, considering the configuration of patrimony and home maintenance, in view of the distribution of goods in the city of Belém do Grão Pará (Belém of the Great Pará), in the first half of the 19th century and 2 thus, to perceive women and slave‟s spaces, roles and duties for the sake of good‟s inheritance, by means of wills (testaments) made during the 1800-1850 period. Women, who were charged of managing a home, would essentially perform a man‟s function, and they were the only ones who provided for the family‟s economy and ‘education at home. Other focus of the analysis refers to the presence of the captives on the wills (testaments), which is something to be considered, when it comes to drawing an outline of the slaves‟ economic and social value. It‟s also of major importance to understand the various ways slaves were used by their masters in the preparation of the will. Thus, an effort is made to elucidate the criteria employed for the description of the goods (slaves), with some focus on the liberty concessions made by means of the wills. It‟s equally relevant to approach the dynamics involving men and women during their will‟s making process. This study gives way to a reverberation over the routine of Belém do Grão Para‟s inhabitants, and their final arrangements during the act of making a will.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Em outras margens do atlântico: tráfico negreiro para o estado do Maranhão e Grão-Pará (1707-1750)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-12-11) BARBOSA, Benedito Carlos Costa; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952
This thesis analyzes the slave trade to the State of Maranhão and Grão-Pará throughout the first half of the eighteenth century. Slave trade to this region was triangular-based and was organized with strong support from the Portuguese Crown, which financed and provided the necessary structure, especially when epidemics of smallpox burst in the region and killed many Indians. At that time, the residents and authorities discussed the importance of the African slaves for the economic growth of the Amazon region, as it helped to overcome the severe lack of labor force in that region. This thesis also analyzes some economic activities developed in the region, such as the sugar mills and brandy stills, the factory of wood, housework and buildings, where it is possible to see the Africans sharing spaces with other social subjects: Mulattoes, Cafusoes, and mainly Indians.