Navegando por Assunto "Imageamento sísmico"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do efeito da discretização do modelo de velocidades nas migrações Kirchhoff e Kirchhoff-Gaussian- Beam 2D pré-empilhamento em profundidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-28) PAIXÃO, Marcelo Tavares; CRUZ, João Carlos Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8498743497664023
The Gaussian Beam (GB) is an asymptotic solution of the elastodynamic equation in the paraxial vicinity of a central ray, which approaches better the wave field than the standard zero-order ray theory. The GB regularity in the description of the wave field, as well as its high accuracy in some singular regions of the propagation medium, provide a strong alternative to solve seismic modeling and imaging problems. In this dissertation , I present a new procedure for pre-stack depth migration with true-amplitude, combining the flexibility and robustness of Kirchhoff migration type using superposition of Gaussian beams to represent the wave field. The proposed migration algorithm comprises in two stacking process: the first is the beam stack applied to subsets of seismic data multiplied by a weight function defined such that stack operator has the same formulation of the integral of the Gaussian beams superposition; the second is a weighted diffraction stack by means of the Kirchhoff type integral having as input the stacked data. For these reasons it is called Kirchhoff-Gaussian-Beam (KGB) migration. In order to compare the Kirchhoff and KGB methods with respect to the sensibility on relation to the discretization length, we apply them to the well-know 2D Marmousi dataset using four velocity grids, i.e. 60 m, 80 m, 100 m e 150 m. As result we have that both methods present a much better image for smaller discretization interval of the velocity grid. The amplitude spectrum of the migrated sections provide us with the spatial frequency contents of the obtained image sections.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aproximações hiperbólicas dos tempos de trânsito com topografia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-05-23) COSTA, Manuel de Jesus dos Santos; CALLAPINO, German Garabito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6064981270181319
The simulation of a zero-offset seismic section (ZO) from multicoverage data can be carried through the seismic stacking, which is a very used method of seismic reflection imaging in the oil industry. Seismic stacking process allows to reduce the amount of data and is aimed to improve the signal/noise ratio. Based in the hyperbolic approach of the traveltime, dependent on three parameters or kinematic attributes of wavefronts, recently it was developed a new method to simulate zero-offset sections (ZO), called seismic stack for Common Reflection Surface method (or SRC stack). This new formalism can be extended to construct ZO sections from multicoverage data, using the approach of the paraxial traveltimes in the neighborhood of a central ray with zero offset, for the case of a line of measurement with soft and rugged topography. These two approaches of traveltime also depend on three kinematic attributes of wavefronts. In this work, a theoretical revision of the paraxial theory of the ray for the attainment of the approaches of the paraxial traveltimes is presented, considering a line of measurement with rugged and soft topography. From the approaches of the paraxial traveltimes with relation to a central ray with zero-offset (ZO), two new approaches had been derived from traveltimes using the condition of a diffraction point in depth, reducing the original equations for two parameters. For the approaches of reflection and diffraction, using the same synthetic model, a graphical representation of their respective stacking surfaces were compared, using the traveltime approaches for the soft and rugged topography. After that, we analyze the behavior of the operators associated with the reflection and the diffraction surfaces when these are disturbed, where we investigate the sensibilities in relation to each one of the three parameters (β0, KNIP, KM). This sensibility analysis was perfomed in two ways: Sensibility through the disturbance of each parameter visualized in the stacking surfaces SRC-TR and SDC-TR, and the first derivative of the traveltimes SRC-TR and SDC-TR. Finally, using these hyperbolic approaches as a function of three and two parameters, and based on the results of the sensibility analysis, were considered an algorithm to simulate ZO sections from data of multi coverage.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aproximações hiperbólicas dos tempos de trânsito de raios paraxiais a um raio central refletido e difratado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-05-23) COSTA, Marcos Benedito Caldas; CALLAPINO, German Garabito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6064981270181319
The simulation of a zero-offset seismic (ZO) section from multicoverage, through of stack, is a very used method of seismic reflection imaging, that reduce the amount of data and is aimed to improve the signal/noise ratio. Based on hyperbolic traveltime approximation depending on three kinematic attributes, recently, it was developed a new method to simulate zero-offset (ZO) sections called common reflection surface stack (CRS) method. Also, following this new concept of seismic imaging it was introduzed a method to simulate common-offset (CO) sections from multicoverage data by using a paraxial traveltime approximation for paraxial rays in the vicinity of the finite-offset centra ray. This new traveltime approximation depend on five kinematic attributes. In this work, from the hyperbolic paraxial traveltime approximation with finite-offset central ray, we derive a new formula of traveltime approximation by using the diffraction point condition, reducing the original formula to four parameters. For both approximations, that´s for reflection and diffractions, we show the finite-offset FO-CRS stack operators. We, also obtain these formulas to the four seismic configurations (common-shot (CS), common-receiver (CR), common-midpoint (CMP) and common-offset (CO)). To analise behaviour FO-CRS stack, when this is perturbed, we debatable the sensibility with respect to each one the five parameters (K1, K2, K3, βS and βG). This sensibility analysis was perfomed in two ways: Sensibility through the disturbance of each parameter visualized in the stacking surfaces FO-CRS- and FO-CDS, and the first derivative of the traveltimes FO-CRS and FO-CDS. After realize the sensibility analysis, we utility a new condition, K2 = 0 and therefore, we obtained a new approximation, now depend on three parameters. Using that hyperbolic traveltime approximations (in function of five, four and three parameters), we propose an algorithm multicoverage seismic reflection data. Finally, is presented a studed of Fresnel zone, to delimit the aperture of FO-CRS stacking surface.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comparação dos filtros de velocidade e do operador WHLP-CRS na atenuação de múltiplas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-04-20) CRUZ, Edson Costa; LEITE, Lourenildo Williame Barbosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8588738536047617
The geological motivation of this work is the imaging of sedimentary basin structures of the Amazon region, where the generation and accumulation of hydrocarbons is related to the existence of diabase sills. The seismic motivation is the fact that these intrusive rocks present a great impedance contrast with respect to the host rock, what gives rise to external and internal multiples, with primary-like amplitudes. The seismic signal of the multiples can predominate over the primary reflection signals from deeper interfaces, making difficult the processing, interpretation and imaging of seismic sections. In this work we study the attenuation of multiples in common shot (CS) sections by the comparison of two methods. The first one is the combination of the Wiener-Hopf-Levinson (WHLP) and the common reflection surface (CRS) stacking techniques, here called WHLPCRS, where the operator is exclusively designed in the space-time domain. The second method is a velocity filter (ω-k), applied after the CRS stacking, where the operator is exclusively designed in the frequency-wavenumber domain. The identification of the multiples is performed on the zero-offset (ZO) section simulated by the CRS stacking, using the periodicity between primaries and its multiples. The wavefront attributes, obtained through CRS stacking, are inserted on movable space-time windows, used to calculate the WHLP-CRS operator. The ω-k filter calculations are performed in the frequency-wavenumber domain, where the events of interest are selected for cutting or passage. The ω-k filter is classified as a cut-off filter, with amplitude alteration and preservation of phase, the limits of it are imposed by a space-time sampling. In practical aspects we conclude that for the case of multiples, separated events on the x-t domain are not necessarily separated on the ω-k domain, which raise difficulties in the designing of a ω-k operator with a similar performance when compared to the x-t operator.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
CRS seismic data imaging system: a case study for basib reevaluation
(2007-09) LEITE, Lourenildo Williame Barbosa; HEILMANN, Björn Zeno; GOMES, Anderson Batista
This paper summarizes practical results of a consistent attention to the seismic processing and interpretation of some land data lines from a set of the Tacutu graben (Brazil), where was applied the fundamental steps of the WIT imaging system grounded on the data-driven CRS (Common Reflection Surface) stack.As a major result, we expect to establish a work-flow for seismic reevaluation of sedimentary basins. Founded on the recovered wave front attributes of the CRS stack, a smooth macro-velocity model was obtained via tomographic inversion. Using this macro-model, pre- and post-stack depth migration was carried out. Besides that, other CRS-stack based processing techniques were performed in parallel as residual static correction and limited-aperture migration based on estimated projected Fresnel zone. A geological interpretation was attempted on the stacked and migrated sections. From visual details of the panels, we could interpret discontinuities, thinning, a principal faulted anticline where plays of horsts, grabens and rollovers are present. Also, part of the selected line needs more detailed processing to make better evident any present structures in the subsurface.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo do método de inversão tomográfica 2D baseada nos atributos cinemáticos da onda NIP e construção de interface gráfica para o processo de picking
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) OLIVEIRA, Iran Gadelha de; CALLAPINO, German Garabito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6064981270181319
In this work, a new tomographic reflection inversion method is studied, with the objective of determining smooth and isotropic velocity models for real and synthetic seismic data. The velocity model is obtained by the program NIPTOMO, which is an implementation of a tomographic inversion method of the kinematic attributes of the hypothetical waves NIP (normal incidence point). The input data for the tomographic inversion, e. g., traveltime tables and NIP attributes (wavefront curvature radius and emergence angle) are obtained through a set of picked points on a simulated zero-offset (ZO) section, previously obtained by the common-reflection surface (CRS) method. The choice of picked points in a ZO section is normally made using automatic picking programs that identify locally coherent events in a seismic section, based in user-defined parameters. The picking process is one of the most critical steps in this new method, since the choice of non primary reflection events, such as diffractions and multiples, may lead to errors in the velocity model obtained by the tomographic inversion. This work has as main objective develop an interative picking program to give to the user the control of the choice of primary reflection points that are used as input for the tomographic inversion. The present picking program was tested on the synthetic Marmousi dataset and on a real data from the Tacutu Basin, Brazil (seismic line 50-RL-90). The results obtained show that the interative picking process for the choice of primary reflection events points favors the determination of a precise velocity model.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Imageamento homeomórfico de refletores sísmicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1994-10-06) CRUZ, João Carlos Ribeiro; HUBRAL, Peter; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7703430139551941
This thesis presents a new technique for seismic stacking called homeomorphic imaging, which is applicable to the imaging of seismic reflectors in a bidimensional, inhomogeneous and isotropic medium. This new technique is based on ray geometrical approximation and topological properties of reflection surfaces. For this purpose the concepts of wavefront, incidence angle, radius and caustic of wavefront and ray trajetory are used. Considering a circle as the geometrical approximation of the wavefront in propagation, it is possible to define diferent homeomorphic imaging methods, depending on processing configuration. In this way, the following methods are possible: 1) Common Source (Receiver) Element (CS(R)E), which relate to a set of seismograms with a single source (receiver) and a real reflected wavefront is considered; 2) Common-Reflecting-Element (CRE), which relate to a set of seismograms with a single reflection point and a wavefront hipotetically generated in the same reflection point is considered; 3) Common Evolute Element (CEE), which relate to a set of seismograms with each pair of source and geophone located in the same point on the seismic line and a wavefront hipothetically generated in the curvature center of the reflector is considered. In the first method is obtained a stacked seismic section using arbitrary central rays. In the last two methods the result is a zero-offset seismic section. These methods give also other two sections called radiusgram and anglegram, the latter being emergence angles and the former radii of wavefront in the moment that it reaches the observational surface. The seismic stacking is made using a local correction-time applied to the travel time of a ray that leaves the source, and after reflection, is registered as a primary reflection at a geophone, in relation to the reference time which is the travel time of the central ray. The formula used for the temporal correction depends on the radius, the emergence angle of the wavefront and the velocity which is considered constant near the seismic line. It is possible to show that in this new technique the registered signal is not submitted to stretch effects as a consequence of the temporal correction, furthermore there is no problem with reflector point dispersal as a consequence of dip reflectors, in contrast with the techniques that are based on NMO/DMO. In addition, considering that no a prori knowledge of a macromodel is necessary but the velocity near the seismic line, the homeomorphic imaging can be applied to inhomogeneous models without losing the strictness of the formulation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Imageamento multifoco de refletores sísmicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2000) OLIVA, Pedro Andrés Chira; CRUZ, João Carlos Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8498743497664023; HUBRAL, Peter; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7703430139551941
The simulation of a zero-offset section (ZO) from multi-coverage seismic reflection data for a 2-D media, through the stack, is a widely used seismic reflection imaging method, that allows to reduce the amount of data and to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. According to Berkovitch et al. (1999) the Multifocusing method is based on Theory of Homeomorphic Imaging and consists of stacking multi-coverage seismic reflection data with arbitrary distribution source-receiver according to a new local moveout correction, called Multifocusing. This moveout correction is based on a local spherical approximation of the focusing wavefront in the vicinity of the surface of the earth. This method allows to build a seismic section in the domain of the time of a zero-offset increasing the signal-to-noise ratio. The Multifocusing technique does not need any knowledge a priori of the macro-model velocity. Three parameters are used to describe the Multifocusing moveout correction, which are: 1) emergence angle of the zero-offset ray or normal reflection ray (β0), 2) the wavefront curvature at the Point of Normal Incidence (RNIP and 3) the wavefront curvature of Normal Wave (RN). Being also necessary the near-surface velocity. In this thesis work I apply this Multifocusing Stack technique for multi-coverage seismic reflection data covering the models of constant velocity and heterogeneous model, with the objective of simulating of zero-offset sections. In this case as it is the solution of forward problem, this macro velociy model is considered know apriori. In the context of the inverse problem it is had the parameters, RNIP, RN and β0 and can be determining through the analysis of applied coherence to the multi-coverage seismic reflection data. In the solution of this problem the objective function, to be optimized, is defined by the calculation of the maximum existent coherence among the data in the surface of seismic stack. In this thesis we discuss the sensibility of the travetime, used in Multifocusing Stack, as a function of the parameters RNIP, RN and β0. This sensibility analysis is done of three different manners: 1) the first derivate of the objetive function, 2) the coherence measure, denominated semblance, and 3) the sensibility in the Multifocusing Stack.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Marcação e atenuação de múltiplas de superfície livre, processamento e imageamento em dados sísmicos marinhos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) CARNEIRO, Raimundo Nonato Colares; LEITE, Lourenildo Williame Barbosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8588738536047617
The present research aimed to the analysis and mitigation of multiple free surface, processing and imaging of marine seismic data to obtain useful images migrated to the geological interpretation focused on oil exploration. Attention has been paid to the systematic study of multiple unobstructed view of the prediction filter based on the theory of communication in order to better apply the filter deconvolution WH predictive, in processing stage subsequent to the NMO correction, although other methods may be considered as competitive. The identification and attenuation of multiple reflections in real seismic data remains a major challenge in seismic data processing, since they are considered as noise. However, this noise being classified as coherent, several techniques have been developed aiming at mitigation to avoid cascading errors in the later stages such as processing, scheduling events, tomographic inversion, imaging, and finally the geological interpretation of the images obtained. Another aspect in this study was to establish a flowchart of processing, imaging and attenuation of multiple free surface of a central step. Migrated sections were obtained in time and depth where it allows the interpretation. The development of this research was preformed with CWP/SU and MatLab packages.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Medidas de coerência para análise de velocidade na migração em tempo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) MACIEL, Jonathas da Silva; COSTA, Jessé Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7294174204296739
Iterative methods for migration velocity analysis depend on objective functions to measure the flatness of reflection events in common image gathers (CIG). Time migration is a simple imaging method to evaluate these objective functions. Using time migration we studied the influence of objective functions on the results of migration velocity analysis. We propose two new objective functions for migration velocity analysis: Extended Differential Semblance and the product of Classical Semblance times the Extended Differential Semblance. Numerical experiments using the Marmousoft data show the effectiveness of the new objective functions to estimate velocity models producing at events in common image gathers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Migração 3-D Kirchhoff-Gaussian-Beam (KGB) pré-empilhamento no domínio da profundidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-06-24) PEREIRA, Glauco Lira; CRUZ, João Carlos Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8498743497664023
The Gaussian Beam (GB) is an asymptotic solution of the elastodynamic equation in the paraxial vicinity of a central ray, which approaches better the wave field than the standard zero-order ray theory. The GB regularity in the description of the wave field, as well as its high accuracy in some singular regions of the propagation medium, provide a strong alternative to solve seismic modeling and imaging problems. In this thesis, i presenty a new procedure for pre-stack depth migration with true-amplitude, combining the flexibility and robustness of Kirchhoff migration type using superposition of Gaussian beams to represent the wave field. The proposed migration algorithm comprises in two stacking process: the first is the beam stack is applied to subsets of seismic data multiplied by a weight function defined such that stack operator has the same formulation of the integral of the Gaussian beams superposition; the second is a weighted diffraction stack by means of the Kirchhoff type integral having as input the GB stacked data. For these reasons it is called Kirchhoff-Gaussian-Beam (KGB) migration. The main characteristics that distinguish the KGB migration, during the first stage stacking, with other migration methods that also use the theory of Gaussian beams, is the use of the first Fresnel zone projected to limit the width of the subset of seismic traces (beam) using a second-order approximation of the reflection travel time. Examples are shown for applications on two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) synthetic seismic data, respectively, to the models Marmousi and SEG/EAGE salt dome data sets.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Migração com amplitude verdadeira em meios com gradiente constante de velocidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2000-05-16) CASTILLO LOPEZ, Luis Antonio; CRUZ, João Carlos Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8498743497664023
One of the most important steps in seismic processing data concerns to migration the seismic reflector. In the last years, we have seen several approaches used to build the migrated section and, simultaneously, to recover reflection coefficient values corrected for geometrical spreading loss, the so-called amplitude preserve migration or true-amplitude migration methods. This work aims at applying a true-amplitude depth migration algorithm in acoustic inhomogeneous media, with a constant gradient velocity function and considering a 2.5-D situation. The 2.5-D migration process is based on the Kirchhoff integral operator and the ray theory. It is performed essencially by a weighted diffraction stacking, with the diffraction traveltime curve given by the ray tracing equations tailored to constant gradient velocity. By choosing appropriate weight function used to stack the data, the result of the migration process is a measure of the reflection coefficient at the searched-for reflection point, that is function of the incidence angle. This is very usefull in other important process as amplitude-versus-offset (AVO) and amplitude-versus-angle (AVA) analysis. As any other depth migration process, it is necessary an accurated macro-velocity model, what means to know the velocity gradient. The algorithm was applied to synthetic seismic data generated by the ray software SEIS88 for two kinds of geophysical models. The results pointed out the precision and stability of the presented 2.5-D migration algorithm. It is available for recovering reflection coefficient measures and gives informations about lithological properties of the seismic reflectors. It is also important to note that this algorithm is not able to migrate in singular ray situations, as for example caustics or diffraction zones.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Migração Kirchhoff pré-empilhamento em profundidade modificada usando o operador de feixes gaussianos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) FERREIRA, Carlos Augusto Sarmento; CRUZ, João Carlos Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8498743497664023
The Gaussian Beam (GB) concept was introduced in the seismic literature by Russian and Czech researchers in the begining of the 80’s. This theory, which by its turn was based on the scalar electromagnetic diffraction theory, is in fact a (zero order) complex paraxial ray theory, designed to satisfactorilly describe the seismic wavefield propagation beyond the standard zero order ray theory, up to then the only theory used to describe the high frequency seismic wavefield propagation in smoothed velocity models. As an imaging tool, the first works to deal with GB’s were published in the end of the 80’s and in the begining of the 90’s. The regularity in the description of the wavefield by GB’ s, as well as its high accuracy in some singular regions of the velocity model, transformed the use of GB’s into a viable hybrid alternative in the migration theory. In this work, we unite the flexibility in imaging of the true amplitude prestack Kirchhoff depth migration with the regularity in the description of the wavefield by a superposition of GB’s. As a way of controlling in a very stable way some quantities used in the construction of the beams, we have made use of some informations based on the Fresnel volume elements, more especifically speaking the Fresnel zone radius around the reflection point in depth and its counterpart, projected towards the acquisition surface. This information is centred around the recording point of the seismogram and is also present in the seismic data reflection traveltime curves. Our migration process can be named a true amplitude prestack Kirchhoff depth migration using GB’s as Green function, namely KGB-PSDM.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Migração pré-empilhamento Kirchhoff feixes gaussianos 2,5D nos domínios afastamento comum e ângulo-comum
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) COSTA, Manuel de Jesus dos Santos; CRUZ, João Carlos Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8498743497664023; CALLAPINO, German Garabito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6064981270181319
A Kirchhoff-type migration is considered in the geophysics literature as one of the most fundamental tools in seismic data processing, the base for solution of several imaging problems. In this respect, it must be considered its wide use and its successful history for the oil and gas industry, associated with its low computational cost and flexibility to deal with non-wavefield datasets when compared to other methods. However in 3D, even when compared to other existing and most effective methods, its computational cost and implementation is still considered high, due to several reasons: new acquisition technologies, data storage and burden, azimuth richness, etc. Thus the main objective of the present work is to implement and simulate migration results (i.e., images) with high signal-to-noise ratios and with a less computer burdens in 2.5D media, using the theoretical framework of Gaussian Beams (GBs). By considering one implementation of a superposition of GBs integral operator studied by Ferreira and Cruz (2009) and by the use of the stationary phase method (Bleistein, 2000), a new integral superposition migration operator using paraxial fields (i.e., GBs) was implemented and studied. Theoretically speaking, the present migration operator was inserted in the kernel of a conventional, 2.5D, true-amplitude, prestack Kirchhoff migration integral operator, thus defining a 2.5D prestack Kirchhoff-Gaussian Beam (KGB) migration operator. The present migration operator was later configured to hold commonoffset (CO) and common-angle (CA) seismic acquisition configurations. I remark that in the present thesis one flexibility of the GB migration operator was idealized in order to handle its effective application in more the one sorting configuration, i.e., common-offset and commonsource.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelagem acústica por diferenças finitas e elementos finitos em 2-D e 2,5-D
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-10-26) SILVA NETO, Francisco de Assis; COSTA, Jessé Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7294174204296739
Acoustic modeling provides useful synthetic data for evaluating seismic processing and imaging in complex geological settings. High order finite difference (FD) and finite elements (FE) was implemented and evaluated in homogeneous and inhomogeneous model. The FD algorithm are estended to 2,5-D for variable density models. Seismic modeling of oil reservoirs targets somewhat similar to those occuring at Paleozoic Basins in the Amazon are presented. Long period multiples produced between the free-surface and the Cretaceous- Paleozoic interface, the low resolution of the seismic waves near the reservoir and the week reflections at the interface between the reservoir rocks and the cap rock are the main features of the synthetics which presents a challenge to seismic imaging.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Processamento e imageamento NMO/CRS de dados sísmicos marinhos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) NUNES, Fernando Sales Martins; LEITE, Lourenildo Williame Barbosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8588738536047617
This work is devoted to processing and imaging of marine seismic reflection data selected from the Jequitinhonha Basin, Bahia, where two stack methods were used, the NMO-based and the CRS-based. It was also applied the CRS-partial prestack data enhancement for the densification of CMPs. Several tests were performed with these methods to optimize parameters of the stacking operators, and to improve the processing strategies. One of the efforts during processing was the attenuation of the surface-related multiple, what was attacked by applying the Radon and SRME techniques. It was also applied the densification of the data to improve the signal/noise ratio. As a conclusion, a strategy was chosen based on the comparative results of better visual and higher coherence values, having the CRS method presented superior results to the results with the NMO method, based on the visualization of reflection events that were not noticed in other sections.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Processamento, inversão e imageamento de dados sísmicos marinhos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SILVA, Douglas Augusto Barbosa da; LEITE, Lourenildo Williame Barbosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8588738536047617
This work was there on the study and processing, inversion and imaging in time and in depthof Marmousi seismic data, and of the real Jequitinhonha obtained in the Bahia state Brazilian atlantic oriental continental platform. Were applied the NMO and CRS stack methods andthe niptomographic inversion technique of the cinematic attributes of the wave field. Withthe NMO stack was obtained a velocity distribution map throughout the velocity analysis onthe semblance coherence map and straight afterward the stacked and migrated sections in thedomain of the time and depth. The stack method of the common reflection surface (CRS)was applied with the crsstack-511 program to obtain the stacked and migrated sections inthe time domain and to extract the field wave parameters throughout the coherence analysis and of the redundancy obtained on the seismic data of multi-device. The niptomographicinversion phenomena of reflection took place throughout the aplication of the niptomo program,which is an implementation of the inversion method of the cinematic attributes ofthe NIP hypothetic wave, extracted straight from the CRS stack, to obtain an smoothedvelocity model, and subsequently, a migrated section in depth. The migrated sections areof the Kirchhoff kind. The techniques used follow a pre-determined and realized flowchartfollowing a file “makefile”, that works as an stage organizer. These stages were realized in theLinux desktop and in the Seismic Uni*x system of the Center for Wave Phenomena (CWP)of Colorado School of Mines. The results of the three techniques were compared with theaim of illustrating the evolution of the visual quality of the reluctant sections throughout theevents continuity trace-by-trace and the signal/noise relation, to analyze differences and improvementsin the migrated sections expecting a better geologic interpretation and organizebetter terms of processing and imaging, trying to aid possible well succeed drillings.