Navegando por Assunto "Impactos socioambientais"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O exercício dos direitos de acesso ambiental como garantidores de democracia ambiental e direitos humanos: os impactos socioambientais, após a duplicação da Estrada de Ferro Carajás na cidade de Marabá – Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-30) PINHEIRO, Olinda Magno; TRECCANI, Girolamo Domenico
In this thesis, we investigated following the normative genesis of International Conventions and national legislation on the environment and human rights, on the extension and application of the so-called Rights of access to information, participation and access to justice in environmental issues, and how they have been effective or not, the exercise of these rights the reality of the neighborhoods Araguaia and Nossa Senhora Aparecida, located on the route of the “EFC” Railway, in the urban area of Marabá. It was defended and proved, as the main hypothesis, that the denial of these access rights opens space, not only for the violation of rights inherent to a healthy environment, but also contributes to mitigating the population's perception of socio-environmental impacts. In that, followed for this analysis, mainly the theoretical referential of the State of Environmental Democracy, and adopted as scientific method the hypothetical-deductive, which was allied to the technique of bibliographic and documentary research, together with the field research developed in these neighborhoods, in which several socio-environmental impacts were widely raised, mainly from the duplication of the railway branch between the years of 2012-2016, still having repercussions today, a diversity of negative impacts, linked to the exploration and disposal of ore through the railbranch. Thus, the feasibility of this thesis was considered, whose central problem was to research: to what extent, the individual or collective exercise of environmental access rights, has contributed to the perception and prevention of socio-environmental impacts, especially in the Araguaia and Nossa Senhora Aparecida neighborhoods, in the urban area of Marabá, located on the EFC route (Estrada de Ferro Carajás). In conclusion, that in communities such as those studied in this research, the exercise of environmental access rights, in its three modalities, is of fundamental importance for the defense of the environment and also of other human rights, but it is fully observable that there is a nimbalance of forces among affected populations in the face of big business, represented by companies and their strategies to control social and population risks, thus affecting the exercise of environmental democracy and the guarantee of other human rights.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impactos socioambientais de grandes projetos urbanos na Amazônia: ecologia política e cartografia para gestão de recursos naturais na Bacia da Estrada Nova, Belém/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-02-08) PANTOJA, Larissa Mourão; SILVA, Christian Nunes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4284396736118279; FARIAS, André Luís Assunção de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5310171409459863
This work sought the understand and identify the social and environmental impacts at Estrada Nova´s hydrographic basin trough the urban interventions of macrodenage in an area considered peripheral, swampy and facing sanitary issues. From on-site verification, the characterization of the area, the official documents available by PROMABEN and the open interviews with community leaders and municipal public managers, several socio-environmental impacts were identified. Among them, the top five were listed, based on technical descriptions and the principle of natural resource management. As the objective of this work is the spatial identification of impacts, mapping techniques were used based on theoretical references of political ecology, in order to understand how the territory reproduces socio-spatial segregation and affects the most vulnerable, starting from the conception of the capitalist system, especially in peripheral areas. The qualitative method was used based on interviews with community leaders, as they represent a portion of the local population. Due to the pandemic of the new coronavirus, the individual interview with the community became unfeasible. For mapping the impacts, it used GPS navigation and photographic records. The study area was concentrated around. Bernardo Sayão Avenue, as it was the area affected by the PROMABEN works. As a result of this research, five maps were generated, being a general map of the impacts and four divided by sub-basin, with the purpose of spatial identification of the socio-environmental impacts, and thus contributing to the autonomy of the population through the recognition of the territory and the acceptance of these impacts that occur in a way that contradicts the way of life of the population and the local reality.