Navegando por Assunto "Imunidade"

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção molecular do vírus da imunodeficiência bovina (BIV) em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no estado Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12-12) FERREIRA, Tatiane Teles Albernaz; LEITE, Rômulo Cerqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2859617428983062; SALVARANI, Felipe Masiero; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3339195791140438; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
Bovine viral immunodeficiency is a chronic and progressive disease caused by a lentivirus that affects cattle and buffalo. Although infection is reported in cattle in several countries, including Brazil, in buffalo there are only two reports of infection, one in Pakistan and one in Cambodia. The aim of this research was to verify the occurrence of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) in buffaloes from the state of Pará, northern Brazil. To verify the occurrence of BIV in herds, the detection of proviral DNA in blood samples from 607 buffaloes obtained from 10 properties in the State of Pará, by semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (snPCR) were made using primers specific for the pol region in the genome of the virus. The 607 samples tested by snPCR for the BIV, 27 (4.4%) were positive. The amplified sequences were confirmed by cloning and nucleotide sequencing. The similarity of nucleotide sequence of the isolates with the reference strain (R-29) was 99%. Epidemiologically, this study provides important initial data, reporting the first detection of BIV in buffaloes in the Brazil and warning of the possibility of the virus function as a risk factor for the health of populations of buffaloes and a potential causative agent of chronic disease.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Indução de escleróticas in vitro e análise da resposta imune dos pacientes de cromoblastomicose em tratamento com itraconazol
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-06-26) SILVA, Moisés Batista da; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic fungal disease witch affects the skin, characterized for slowing development of polymorphic skin, that present infiltrated inflammatory granulomatous in the presence of sclerotics cells, characteristic of this illness. One of the objectives of this study was to evaluate the induction of scleroticts cells for natural mediums, with biomasses of Bactris gasipaes and Theobroma grandiflorum, whose respective species had induced in vitro similar sclerotics cells to those found in tissue of patients, in 10 and 2 days, respectively, what it made possible the production of a powder medium inductor, already donated to other groups that study the CBM. Another objective was to evaluate the histopathology of the CBM in the patients, before and during the use of itraconazole (ITZ). For this, the technique of ELISA for the cytokines was used TNF-α, circulating IL-4 and IL-10, and the immunohistochemestry of biópsias in different times of treatment - that it allowed to analyze the quantitative and qualitative alterations of the cellular types during 12 months of the treatment with ITZ in the 200 dose of mg/dia - with antibodies anti- CD20, anti-CD8 and anti-CD68. How much the cytokines, the circulating IL-10 did not show significant change, while IL-4 and TNF-α had presented an increase of the levels throughout 12 months of treatment. In relation to the immunophenotyping, it had a significant reduction in the inflammatory process and the cellular infiltrated during 3 and 6 months of the treatment, whereas only to the 12 months had the significant regression of the number of sclerotics cells. The immunophenotyping disclosed that the macrophages are mainly located in the areas central areas of granuloma, whereas cells TCD8+ are in the periphery and cells TCD20+, which were found throughout the tissues, with a significant increase after 6 months of the treatment, returning to the initial levels after one year. The cytotoxic macrophages and lymphocytes were having presented a significant increase after 12 months of treatment with ITZ. These results demonstrate that the formation of granuloma in the CBM is similar to those observed in other granulomatous infectious disease, and that the presence of IL-4 and IL-10 can be related with the persistence of fungi in the injuries and with the difficulty of cure observed in these patients.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Malaria vaccine: roadblocks and possible solutions
(1998-03) SOARES, Irene da Silva; RODRIGUES, Mauricio Martins
Malaria remains the most prevalent and devastating parasitic disease worldwide. Vaccination is considered to be an approach that will complement other strategies for prevention and control of the disease in the future. In the last 10 years, intense studies aimed at the development of a malaria vaccine have provided important knowledge of the nature of the host immunological mechanisms of protection and their respective target antigens. It became well established that protective immune responses can be generated against the distinct stages of Plasmodium. However, in general, protective immune responses are directed at stage-specific antigens. The elucidation of the primary structure of these antigens made possible the generation of synthetic and recombinant proteins that are being extensively used in experimental immunizations against the infection. Today, several epitopes of limited polymorphism have been described and protective immunity can be generated by immunization with them. These epitopes are being tested as primary candidates for a subunit vaccine against malaria. Here we critically review the major roadblocks for the development of a malaria vaccine and provide some insight on how these problems are being solved.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Neuropatologia experimental induzida pelos Rabdovírus Itacaiunas e Curionopolis: um estudo da resposta imune inata
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-14) BARRETO, Leilane de Holanda; DINIZ JUNIOR, José Antônio Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3850460442622655
Experimental studies are making many efforts to understand the neuropathogenesis of viral encephalitis. However, a few is known about the Central Nervous System (CNS) response against amazonic rhabdovirus. The virus Itacaiunas e Curionopolis were classified preliminary as members of the Rhabdoviridae family. It was suggested for these virus to be included in a new genus, Bracorhabdovirus. They are neurotropic virus and little is known about the inflammatory response of the CNS against these virus. This study examined aspects of the immune response of newborn mice CNS resident cell after experimental infection by Itacaiunas and Curionopolis virus, in vivo and in vitro. To achieve these goals, histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques were used to detect activated microglia and astrocytes, respectively, in sections of the brains of infected mice. The quantification of these cells were performed in hippocampal regions using stereological techniques. Furthermore, was investigated the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines produced by CNS cells in primary cultures infected with virus Itacaiunas and Curionopolis by using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) from supernatants co-cultures enriched of microglia/neurons and astrocytes/neurons. The expression of nitric oxide was also analyzed by using cytochemical reagent DAF-FM diacetate (4-amino-5-methylamine-2,7-difluorofluorescein-diacetate). As a result, age matched control animals of each group did not present activated microglia or astrocytosis, as well as, both Curionopolis and Itacaiunas infected subjects early after the inoculation (2d.a.i. and 4d.a.i respectively). However at 5th d.a.i., Curionopolis infections significant increase in the number of activated microglias and reactive astrocytes were detected whereas at the 7th d.a.i. after Itacaiunas infection only minimal activation of microglia and reactive astrocytosis was detected. The results from immunoassays showed great production of IL-12p40 in cultures of CNS cells infected with both virus, 48 and 96 hours after infection (h.a.i.). Low levels of TGF-β and IL-10 were detected after 48 hours of infection with both virus, however, was observed increased expression of this cytokines after 96 hours. CNS cell cultures infected with Curionopolis virus 48h.p.i. and Itacaiunas virus 48 and 96h.a.i. showed a slight production of nitric oxide, but it was increased in cultures infected with Curionopolis virus 96h.a.i. These results suggest that the proinflammatory response is dominant in both virus, however, it seems that the anti-inflammatory cytokines try to modulate the inflammatory response of the late days pos-inoculation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sloterdijk e o antropoceno: micropolíticas para a agenda civilizatória
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-10) RODRIGUES, Bráulio Marques; MATOS, Saulo Monteiro M. de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1755999011402142; COSTA, Paulo Sérgio Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4135075517359609