Navegando por Assunto "Imunologia"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise imunológica e genotóxica em Rattus Novergicus da linhagem wistar tratados com ciclofosfamida
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-11) CARVALHO, Heleniana Maria Miranda de; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099
The development of this work has given up due to the need to better understand the immune system, taking into account the diversity of experimental immunosuppression models as well as the variety of immunological responses and genotoxic differences these, related species, the drug and doses used. Thus, aim of this study was to analyze the effects on the immune system and genotoxic effects in Rattus norvegicus Wistar, after inoculation of the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CY). The administration of 50 mg / kg in rodents CY, possible to observe a significant decrease in the parameters of cellularity and relative weight of lymphoid organs. The humoral immunity of rodents has undergone deletion, since the analysis of the antibody titration was performed on the test plate forming cells and hemolysis testing. four inoculations that immunosuppressant and the intervals between the inoculations was determined by recovery of normal levels of the above parameters were performed. Both times the drug was administered, there was a reduction in the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils subsequently decreased, but only the second contact CY was observed immunosuppression. The analysis of the genotoxicity of cyclophosphamide (CY) was analyzed using the comet assay and was of paramount importance because dectamos genomic damage occurring in DNA exposed to different doses of cyclophosphamide (CY), which were 50 mg / kg in the first two phases and 25 mg / kg during the last two phases of the experiment. Furthermore, it was found that the genotoxic effects are cumulative with each CY dose applied, because even being administered in the third phase, the middle concentration (25 mg / kg) of the two inoculations initial CY the damage index does not correspond to half damage indices of the first and second vaccination. However, the analysis and immunologically genotoxicamente rodents, our work will enable testing new therapeutic immunosuppression regimens.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comparative recognition by human IgG antibodies of recombinant proteins representing three asexual erythrocytic stage vaccine candidates of Plasmodium vivax
(2007-06) BARBEDO, Mayara de Brito; RICCI, Ricardo; JIMENEZ, Maria Carolina Sarti; CUNHA, Maristela Gomes da; YAZDANI, Syed S; CHITNIS, Chetan E; RODRIGUES, Mauricio Martins; SOARES, Irene da Silva
In previous immuno-epidemiological studies of the naturally acquired antibody responses to merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) of Plasmodium vivax, we had evidence that the responses to distinct erythrocytic stage antigens could be differentially regulated. The present study was designed to compare the antibody response to three asexual erythrocytic stage antigens vaccine candidates of P. vivax. Recombinant proteins representing the 19 kDa C-terminal region of MSP-1(PvMSP19), apical membrane antigen n-1 ectodomain (PvAMA-1), and the region II of duffy binding protein (PvDBP-RII) were compared in their ability to bind to IgG antibodies of serum samples collected from 220 individuals from the state of Pará, in the North of Brazil. During patent infection with P. vivax, the frequency of individuals with IgG antibodies to PvMSP119, PvAMA-1, and PvDBP-RII were 95, 72.7, and 44.5% respectively. Although the frequency of responders to PvDBP-RII was lower, this frequency increased in individuals following multiple malarial infections. Individually, the specific antibody levels did not decline significantly nine months after treatment, except to PvMSP119. Our results further confirm a complex regulation of the immune response to distinct blood stage antigens. The reason for that is presently unknown but it may contribute to the high risk of re-infection in individuals living in the endemic areas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comprometimento pulmonar na malária: associação com fatores epidemiológicos, imunológicos e variantes do Plasmodium vivax
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-11-20) OHNISHI, Maria Deise de Oliveira; LIBONATI, Rosana Maria Feio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3818175484709618
Malaria is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium and transmitted to humans by mosquitoes of the genus Anophelis. In 2011, the Brazilian Amazon reported 266.348 cases. In Brazil, the most prevalent species is Plasmodium vivax (80%). It´s considered responsible for benign forms of malaria, reports have shown severe forms of pulmonary malaria and deaths. The pathophysiological mechanisms are not well understood.Thus, we analyzed 247 patients with vivax malaria recruited from the Clinical Trials Program in Malaria Institute Evandro Chagas (IEC) Belém / PA) and malaria diagnosis service of the Secretariat of Health of the city of Goianésia / Pará between April / 2011 to October / 2013 to evaluate clinical, epidemiological, parasitological, radiological, genetic and immune (variants of P. vivax) parameters, associating them to the pulmonary involvement in vivax malaria. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Instituto Evandro Chagas.Hematological parameters (blood count, transaminases, bilirubin), parasite density were analyzed as were measured at D0 and D14 serum levels of cytokines (TNF-, IL-10 and INFγ), relating to the pulmonary manifestations. D0 was determined prevalence of P. vivax variants (VK210 and VK247 and P. vivax-like) and established association of these variants with patients who had an abnormal chest X-ray and / or spirometry. The study was longitudinal, prospective analytical type involving clinical, immunological, hematological, and radiological aspects of respiratory function. Patients with pulmonary involvement confirmed by clinical and / or radiological and / or functional findings constituted the study group, and patients without such findings, the control group. Participants: those with vivax malaria diagnosed by thick blood, confirmed by PCR, 15-60 years old, both genders, with no chronic diseases, no use of corticosteroids at diagnosis and who signed the consent form. Project approved by the CEP of the IEC. Observed: 69.2% were males; mean age 35 years old; 64.4% lived in Belém; 79.8% contracted malaria in the state of Pará; First infection 42.5%; mean duration of disease 7.5 ± 5.9 days; average of 6979.25 ± 8692.22 parasitaemia parasites / mm3; 46.8% were overweight or obese I; smoking and previous lung disease were not risk factors for worsening of the disease in this sample; 92.3% had headache from malaria triad; among respiratory symptoms, cough was the most frequent (53.4%); hepatomegaly and splenomegaly was more frequent among naïve malaria; Thrombocytopenia was significant in D0; radiological abnormalities in 9.7% of cases; changes in X-ray were related to malaria shortness of breath and cough had statistical significance in those with changes in the X-ray and / or spirometry; IL-10 INFγ and cytokines were significantly higher compared D0 to D14, unlike that serum TNF levels were low in D0. VK210 P. vivax variant was more frequent (69.1%); there was no significant correlation in the appearance of changes in RX in this sample and / or spirometry related to any of the P. vivax subspecies. Among the cytokines, INFγ was significantly elevated in D0 associated to variants in the following situations: (VK210, VK247, VK210 / 247). IL-10 also significantly increased in D0 only when the subspecies was VK210. Lung malaria is a reality still underestimated, especially less prominent pulmonary manifestations, being necessary to investigate potential mechanisms involved linked to the host and the parasite, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis, avoiding unfavorable outcome.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
III Consenso Brasileiro para Pesquisa de Autoanticorpos em Células HEp-2: perspectiva histórica, controle de qualidade e associações clínicas
(2009-06) FRANCESCANTONIO, Paulo Luiz Carvalho; ANDRADE, Luis Eduardo Coelho; CRUVINEL, Wilson de Melo; ARAÚJO, Flávia Ikeda e; DELLAVANCE, Alessandra; GABRIEL JÚNIOR, Alexandre; NUCCITELLI, Barbara; TALIBERTI, Ben-Hur Braga; VON MÜHLEN, Carlos Alberto; BICHARA, Carlos David Araújo; SANTOS, Cláudio Henrique Ramos dos; BUENO, Cleonice; YANO, Cristiane Martinez; MANGUEIRA, Cristóvão Luis Pitangueira; CARVALHO, Darlene Gonçalves; CARDOSO, Elizângela; BONFÁ, Eloísa Silva Dutra de Oliveira; RASSI, Gustavo Gabriel; MUNDIM, Hugo Mendonça; BENDET, Izidro; RÊGO, Jozelia; VIEIRA, Lisiane Maria Enriconi dos Anjos; BARBOSA, Maria Ordália Ferro; SUGIYAMA, Mitiko; SANTIAGO, Mittermayer Barreto; BARRETO, Natasha Slhessarenko Fraife; SILVA, Nilzio Antônio da; JARACH, Renata; SUDA, Roberto; LEVY, Roger Abramino; SAMPAIO, Silvia Oliveira; NEVES, Suzane Pretti Figueiredo; SANTOS, Wilton Silva dos; NÓBREGA, Yanna Karla de Medeiros
OBJECTIVE: The Third Brazilian Consensus for Autoantibodies Screening in HEp-2 Cells (ANA) had as purpose the evaluation of difficulties in the accomplishment of the 2nd Consensus recommendations that took place in the year of 2002, the discussion of strategies for quality control of the assay and the discussion of an update of the clinical associations of the several immunofluorescent patterns. METHODS: Several ANA experts from university centers and private laboratories in different areas in Brazil joined the workshop in Goiânia on 2007 April 13 and 14 with the purpose of discussing and approving the recommendations for standardization, interpretation and use of the test by physicians. Commercial representatives of different ANA slide brands were also invited as listeners to the workshop. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The 3rd ANA Consensus emphasized the need for quality control in indirect immunofluorescent assays since there is a considerable heterogeneity of available microscopes and reagents. It also promoted adaptations in the previously approved terminology used to classify the different patterns and finally updated the clinical associations of the several patterns with the purpose of providing guidance for interpretation of the assay by clinical pathologists and assistant physicians.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Imunoexpressão para CD1a em lesões cutâneas na doença de Jorge Lobo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) UNGER, Deborah Aben-Athar; BRITO, Arival Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0563291980190339
Jorge Lobo’s disease (DJL) is a chronic infection caused by the fungus Lacazia loboi, endemic in South America, especially in the Brazilian Amazon region. The most common clinical presentation is parakeloidal lesion located mainly in the lower limbs in men who practice agricultural activity. The fungus can be identified by both mycological and anatomopathological examination. The main objective of this study was to investigate the possible role of Langerhans' cells (LC) in the pathogenesis of the disease in tissue samples from skin lesions, using immunohistochemical technique. Thirty-three medical records were selected with their respective paraffin blocks of skin biopsies from patients with DJL (group 1) registered in the dermatology service at the Federal University of Para in the period from 1955 to 2005. The control group consisted of 10 paraffin blocks from normal skin (group 2) and 42 blocks from patients with paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) (Group 3). In the analysis of patient medical records data were collected regarding age, sex, origin, profession, location and clinical type of the lesions. Langerhans cells were identified by immunohistochemistry using anti-CD1a antibody (Serotec). Patients were mostly men (84, 8%), farmers (72. 7%) aged between 46-65 years, with predominance of parakeloidal lesions (81. 8%) in the lower limbs (45. 5%). The number of positive cells was statistically analyzed. The LC were visualized along the epidermis in all biopsies from Jorge Lobo's disease. The morphology and the number of cells, did not differ from normal skin (p> 0. 05), and was increased when compared to the PCM lesions (p <0. 05). Langerhans cells were present in Jorge Lobo’s disease skin lesions similarly to the way they are in normal skin, not suffering any numerical or morphological alterations, unlike what occurred in PCM. These results suggest that in DJL fungi probably present some escape mechanism of the local immune system to evade the antigen presentation by Langerhans’ cells.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Imunopatologia experimental do vírus da raiva, com as variantes antigênicas 2 e 3
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-02) CASSEB, Livia Medeiros Neves; VASCONCELOS, Pedro Fernando da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0973550817356564
The rabies is considered a zoonosis due have as host, reservoirs and transmitters the domestic or wild mammals. It´s characterized in acute disease caused by rabies virus (RABV) that affects the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by encephalitis with fatal prognosis in almost all cases, in any mammalian species. The aim of this study was to describe pathological findings and immunopathology of different strains of rabies virus in the tissues of the central nervous system, checking cellular and humoral immune response during experimental infection of Mus musculus mice. The animals were inoculated with two antigenic variants of RABV (VAg2 and VAg3), by different routes of infection, and a control group. The animals were observed for development of clinical signs and symptoms, collected and euthanized following a kinetic. The tissues were fixed in formaldehyde 10%, embedded in paraffin, stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histopathological analysis and with specific antibodies for immunohistochemical to characterize and quantify in situ distribution of the antigen and the inflammatory response. RABV antigens were found in the CNS in a diffuse way, but mainly in neurons. It was observed suppression of CD4+ lymphocytes, with increase of CD8+ lymphocytes. It was observed significant apoptosis with glial cell death and an increase of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-8), anti-inflammatory (TGF-β and IL-4) and iNOS in both antigenic variants of RABV, but without observation of a TH17 profile. The analyses enable the characterization of rabies as meningoencephalitis, since it affects the meningeal, perivascular and intraparenchymal microenvironments. And the inflammatory process was observed even in the presence of inclusion bodies, but with less intensity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Imunoreatividade para tgf- β e caspase-3 e sua relação com o controle da resposta imune tecidual nas formas polares da hanseníase
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-11-30) ALMEIDA, Fabricio Anderson Carvalho; QUARESMA, Juarez Antônio Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3350166863853054
Leprosy is a chronic infect-contagious disease that accompanies the humanity for many years. Brazil occupies the second place in numbers of cases, and the state of Para is that presents the largest number of absolute cases. This study had as objective to evaluate the immunorreactivity for TGF-β and caspase-3 in the lepromatous and tuberculoid clinical forms of the leprosy evil trying to correlate the immunomarking pattern with the tissue control of the immune response of the host to the bacillus, through a retrospective study of paraffin enclosed tissue of 30 patients, being fifteen presenting in the lepromatous form and fifteen with the tuberculoid type of disease. The patients followed the protocol of leprosy diagnosis according to criteria of Health Ministry of Brazil and histopathologic features. It was observed that the lepromatous form of the leprosy presented a significant statistically correlation (p=0,4630) among TGF-β to caspase-3, evidencing that as the cytokine as the imunomarking of the apoptosis increase inch by inch and simultaneously in this polar form and that indirectly appear to a role of TGF-β in the control of the immunologic response in its place to the infection for the Mycobacterium leprae.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência de anticorpos para chlamydia trachomatis em grupos populacionais do Brasil, Inglaterra e Portugal
(1988-02) ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; MUMTAZ, Gilanfan; ISHAK, Ricardo; RIDGWAY, Geoff
The prevalence of group - specific antichlamydial IgG in populations from Brazil, England and Portugal was studied using the whole inclusion - indirect immunofluorescence test, and SA2 (f) as antigen. Those sera with the IgG titre > 1:32, were considered to be positive. Among the Brazilian populations, prevalence of chlamydial antibody was higher in Serra Norte (76,2%, p < 0,01) than in Belém (53,6%) and among Xicrins Indians (51,3%). In patients attending the Departament of Genito Urinary Medicine, University College Hospital and in members of the UCH staff, London, England, the prevalence of antichlamydial IgG was 62% and 53,1%, respectively. Antibody to Chlamydia was detected in 54% and 66% of the English women and in 56 and 68% of the Portuguese women attending Antenatal and Infertility Clinics, respectively. These results show a wide exposure to Chlamydia among all the populations tested, mainly among the low socio-economic group of Serra Norte, Brazil. Evidence of chlamydial infections is of the same order in Brazil, England and Portugal.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Tabus alimentares em medicina: uma hipótese para fisiopatologia referente aos alimentos remosos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-06) BRITO JUNIOR, Lacy Cardoso de; ESTACIO, Adriana Guimarães
Introduction: Human eating habits in the Amazon, especially in riparian communities, include a series of dietary restrictions (taboos) resulting, in part, from the cultural miscegenation (Native Brazilians, Africans, and Portuguese settlers) that occurred during the formation of this population.1 Among these food taboos, the most important refers to foods considered “remosos” (harmful), an adjective attributable to foods that have “reima”, i.e., that affect the blood and cause itching.2 In the popular Amazon vocabulary, “remosos” foods are heavy foods derived from pork; seafood such as crab, shrimp, scaleless fish; and cascudos, such as the tamuata; birds such as ducks; and some wild animals such as lowland pacas and capybaras. These foods should not be eaten by people at risk, for example, postoperative patients and people with infections, inflammations, or injuries, because of the risk of increasing tissue damage, creating pus, and exacerbating the inflammatory process.3,4 This recommendation, although not fully accepted by local physicians, is frequently made by some local doctors to postoperative patients. However, there are very few studies evidencing the pathophysiology of the effect of these foods on healing and inflammatory processes. Thus, the objective of this study was to promote a short review about the topic of foods considered “remoso” and to propose a theoretical hypothesis for this phenomenon based on fundamentals of immunology and of the Amazon ecosystem in order to scientifically help physicians to understand this phenomenon and treat patients from these regions.