Navegando por Assunto "Instruction"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ensino por múltiplos exemplares e a emergência de nomeação bidirecional e incidental em crianças autistas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-13) CARDUNER, Bernardo Serruya; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
Bidirectional naming (BN) is a behavioral repertoire characterized by the emergence of listener responses to objects/events after teaching speaker responses to those objects/events, and vice versa. The consolidation of this repertoire as a generalized behavioral relation leads to incidental bidirectional naming (IBN) — the emergence of both speaker and listener responses to objects/events after exposure to their names — which is considered a pivotal repertoire for language development. The multiple exemplar instruction (MEI) is a procedure that has been pointed out as capable of inducing IBN in autistic individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of MEI with rotation of listener (auditory-visual match-to-sample-AVMTS) and speaker (intraverbal tact) trials, without echoic requirement, in inducing BN and IBN in two autistic children. Participants could be exposed to up to five experimental stages, depending on their performance: 1) BN and IBN pre-tests; 2) MEI; 3) BN and IBN post-tests; 4) BN and IBN generalization tests; and 5) BN and IBN maintenance tests. Results showed that MEI did not result in the emergence of BN and IBN, with participants displaying unidirectional listener naming since the pre-tests. Methodological aspects to be evaluated in future studies on the role of MEI in the induction of BN and IBN are discussed, including the effects of requiring or blocking echoics during MEI, establishing the reinforcing function of the social consequences used in teaching AVMTS and intraverbal tact, and the reinforcing function of observation responses to stimuli.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os humildes peregrinos da civilização cristã: grupos letrados da cidade de Vigia de Nazareth – Grão Pará (1866-1883)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-29) SOEIRO, Antonio Igo Palheta; SARGES, Maria de Nazaré dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2076421409418420
In the small town of Vigia de Nazareth in the Province of Grão-Pará in the final decades of the 19th century, a literate group of simple people who we call "humble pilgrims" aimed to accomplish a sociopolitical project, which was based on the development of education as a strategy to fight for rights. Led by the teachers Araújo Nunes, Vilhena Alves and Bertoldo Nunes, they created schools, literary, beneficent and theatrical entities and wrote periodicals, cultural practices that mediated the dreamed Christian civilization, molded from popular Catholicism and the appropriation and resignification of ideas of the civilizing movement in Brazil. The initiative of a new sociopolitical project clashed with the objectives of the other literate groups led by the economic elites in the cultural field of the city, in a social context of misery, illiteracy, and slavery that the group found ways to combat, seeking the formation of an educated individual, politically active and with a social conscience.