Navegando por Assunto "Lagarto (Animal)"

Agora exibindo 1 - 16 de 16

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acanthocephala Larvae parasitizing Ameiva ameiva ameiva (Linnaeus, 1758) (Squamata: Teiidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03) MACEDO, Lilian Cristina; MELO, Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; GIESE, Elane Guerreiro; SANTOS, Jeannie Nascimento dos
Knowledge concerning the taxonomy and biology of species of Acanthocephala, helminth parasites of the helminth species of the phylum Acanthocephala, parasites of lizards in Brazilian Amazonia, is still insufficient, but reports of Acanthocephala in reptiles are becoming increasingly common in the literature. Cystacanth-stage Acanthocephalan larvae have been found in the visceral peritoneum during necropsy of Ameiva ameiva ameivalizards from the “Osvaldo Rodrigues da Cunha” Herpetology Collection of the Emílio Goeldi Museum, Belém, Pará, Brazil. The aim of this study was to present the morphological study of the Acanthocephala larvae found in A. ameiva ameiva lizard.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise evolutiva da morfologia e ecologia em espécies continentais de lagartos do gênero Anolis daudin 1804 (Squamata : Polychrotidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-10-02) PINTO, Gabriel Silva; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise morfométrica em cinco espécies do gênero Mabuya Fitzinger, 1826 (Squamata : Scincidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2002) PINTO, Gabriel Silva; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
The present study has as its main objective to analyse the ontogenetic variation of body shape in the South American skinks Mabuya agi/is Boulenger, 1887; M. bistriata (Spix, 1825); M. guaporicola Dunn, 1936; M. rnacrorhyncha Hoge, 1946 and M. nigropunctata (Spix, 1825). Interspecific differences of body proportions as a possible result of allometric growth in these species are also examined. PCA analysis was used for estimate the both ontogenetic trends and allometric growth. Ontogenetic trend lines were significantly different between M. guaporicola and the others species, and between M. bistriata and M. nigropunctata. Ali of the other pairs showed significantly different Y intercept between each other. Analysis of the allometric coefficients indicates that relative reduction of limbs associated with body elongation in Mabuya guaporicola are due to the reduction of its hands, feet and specially digits; M. rnacrorhyncha presents a high and stout pectoral girdle and its hands show an accentuated reduction; in M. bistriata, its arms are relatively short and its thigh and tibia elongate. M. nigropunctata is the species which the least modified body shape during ontogeny. The association of these results with data on habitats utilized by each species (obtained from the literature) indicates that some morphological specializations found in each species could be explained as functional adaptations to their habitats.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de cinco métodos de captura de lagartos em diferentes ambientes na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) RIBEIRO JÚNIOR, Marco Antônio; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Colonização por anfíbios e lagartos de áreas reflorestadas no Platô Saracá, região de Porto Trombetas-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) SARMENTO, João Fabrício de Melo; GALATTI, Ulisses; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1040132527458660
Few studies have considered faunal colonization of reforested areas after mining. To determine patterns of colonization of reforestation areas in Porto Trombetas, Pará, we examined species composition, richness, abundance and biological characteristics of amphibian and lizard species. Also I evaluated the effect of vegetation structure and distance to native forests on the community of amphibians in reforested areas. Amphibians and lizards were sampled along eight occasions in four-eight reforestation areas and four areas of native forests through active search and using artificial ponds for amphibian reproduction. Twenty species of amphibians and 20 species of lizards were registered, with 14 species of amphibians and 11 species of lizards in reforestations and 19 species of amphibians and 16 species of lizards in native forests. Among amphibians, Leptodactylus sp., Osteocephalus oophagus e Allobates femoralis were the most abundant species in the two environments. Among lizards, Gonatodes humeralis and Leposoma guianense were the most abundant species in reforestations and native forests, respectively. Amphibians with terrestrial reproduction or which use small temporary ponds to spawn and arboreal lizards were the most abundant groups in the reforested areas. Fossorial and semifossorial amphibians and litter lizards were the main absent groups in the reforested areas, suggesting that the current stage of vegetation succession does not offer appropriate microhabitats for some species. Species richness of amphibians was higher in areas with larger canopy cover. Areas with larger canopy cover had also higher abundance of Leptodactylus sp., A. femoralis and O. oophagus. Only four species of amphibians have used the artificial ponds for spawning and there was no significant relationship between the number of species that used the ponds and the distance to native forest or the canopy cover. Osteocephalus oophagus spawn in ponds most farer and A. femoralis in ponds closer to the native forest. Results show that amphibian and lizard fauna in reforestation areas is a subgroup of the native forest fauna and encompasses forest species which indicate the relative importance of these areas for the conservation of the local fauna.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribuição espacial de anuros e lagartos ao longo de gradientes ambientais em uma floresta de terra firme na Amazônia oriental, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-08-18) GOMES, Jerriane Oliveira; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
This study aims to investigate the relationship between anuran and lizard communities, as well as of some individual species, with leaf litter depth, total basal area of trees, understorey vegetation density, and canopy cover. Sampling occurred between August and November 2007, in a 25 km² grid implanted by the ‘Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade’ (Biodiversity Research Program - PPBIO) / Amazônia, located in the Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, Brazil. Two sampling methods were used: active search and pitfall traps with drift fences. A total of 892 lizard and anuran individuals, of 27 species (15 anuran and 12 lizard species), were recorded. Twelve anuran species (101 individuals) and 12 lizard species (171 individuals) were registered through active search, whereas 11 anuran species (327 individuals) and 15 lizard species (293 individuals) were captured by pitfall traps. No significant relationship was found between distribution of anuran and lizard communities with environmental predictors, indicating that these species occur throughout all studied environmental gradients. Only the lizards Coleodactylus amazonicus and Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis were significantly associated with understorey vegetation density and leaf litter depth, respectively. This study is expected to contribute to the improvement of the research design for the herpetofauna within PPBIO.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diversificação morfológica e molecular em lagartos Dactyloidae sul-americanos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-30) D’ANGIOLELLA, Annelise Batista; CARNAVAL, Ana Carolina de Queiroz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1268469210243345; PIRES, Tereza Cristina Ávila; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Filogenia molecular e taxonomia do grupo Anolis chrysolepis Duméril & Bibron, 1837 (Squamata, Polychrotidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) D’ANGIOLELLA, Annelise Batista; GAMBLE, Tony; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
The Amazon forest is the largest continumm tropical forest around the world and several mecanisms have been proposed to explain its high biological diversity. The Refuge Hypothesis is one of the most debated explanations used and is based on the contraction of forested areas during dry periods, restricting populations to forest refugia. Forests expand during wet periods and these climatic and vegetational oscillations during the Pleistocene would be responsible for speciation and distribution patterns seen in Amazonian species. However, recent molecular phylogenetic studies confront this notion by indicating that most divergences among tropical forest vertebrate species predate the Pleistocene period. The Anolis chrysolepis clade, along with Anolis bombiceps, was previously studied and cited as a classic example of Pleistocene speciation, but recent studies showed substantial molecular divergence in the complex indicating that further studies about the subspecies relationships will demonstrate they are distinct species. We used the mithocondrial gene (ND2) to estimate phylogenetic relationships among the Anolis chrysolepis subspecies and the taxa previously hypothetized as related to them. In addition, their morphology and taxonomy status were revisited in order to confirm the congruence among the molecular and morphological datasets, determining if morphologically defined taxa are valid species. Based on both datasets, we elevate the five subspecies of Anolis chrysolepis to species status, diagnosticating each one of them with comments about the main morphological differences between the sister taxon and providing new distribution data.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Filogeografia do lagarto Kentropyx calcarata Spix 1825 (Reptilia:Teiidae) na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-02) CRONEMBERGER, Aurea Aguiar; WERNECK, Fernanda de Pinho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0507204139787803; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Filogeografia em lagartos no baixo Tocantins, Ilha do Marajó e Sul do Amapá
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) SOUZA, Ana Carla Barros de; GONÇALVES, Evonnildo Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8652560763793265; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Filogeographical studies have helped to clarify the spatial and temporal context of the diversification of organisms from Amazonian, which can be directly compared with specific geological scenarios. This study aims to contribute with the reconstitution of the recent history of low Tocantins/Marajó Island from a philogeographical analysis of Gonatodes humeralis and Kentropyx calcarata. The questions to be answered are whether there is a distinction among the population of the southern Amapá, Marajó Island, and each side of the Tocantins river, and how these populations interrelate one each other. In addition, this work also aims to assess the usefulness of the gene cytochrome oxidase I as a marker for studies of lizard populations. Data from 49 specimens of G. humeralis and 32 of K. calcarata from 14 localities in southern Amapá, low Tocantins, Marajó Island, and of an external population of the focal area of study, in the city of Itaituba, Pará, were analyzed. The molecular studies were based on mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I. The levels of genetic variability were calculated: diversity of nucleotides (π) and diversity of haplotypes (h), the genetic differentiation through the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and the estimates of Fst for pairs of populations and distribution of the differences between pairs of sequences. It was used a statistical test to detect possible R2 events of recent demographic expansion. The phylogenetic relations between populations were evaluated by the construction of non-rooted trees using the methods of maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (MV). The results show that although the COI has been rarely used for this purpose, the observed variation in sequences of populations of G. humeralis and K. calcarata indicates that it is a useful marker for Phylogeographic analysis. The five populations of both species studied here, are genetically structured. This indicates a low or, more probably, inexistent gene flow among them. The observed Phylogeographic relations, although more certainly to G. humeralis than K. calcarata, indicates that significant changes have occurred in relatively recent times in the drainage system in the low Tocantins river and Marajo island. This is due strong indications, obtained in this study, that in recent past there was more movement, active or passive, of the species between regions of Marajo and west of the Tocantins river that would have been the most directly affected by these changes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fisiologia térmica e vulnerabilidade dos lagartos da Amazônia (Reptilia: Squamata) frente às mudanças climáticas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-01-12) URTIAGA, Luisa Maria Viegas Becerra; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
Is predicted that the global warming drive the Earth to an increase of temperature of almost 4.8°C by the end of the XXI century, what may negatively affects the distribution of lizards species, considering that they are ectotherms and depends directly on the environmental temperatures to regulate their body temperatures (Tb). This animals usually present as compensatory response to the thermal stress the restriction of activity time in refuges, to minimize the risk of death by overheating. It is believed that the species’ vulnerability would be inversely proportional to Tb and to the number of hours of activity restriction in refuges (Hr), and directly proportional to the maximum environmental temperature (MET), what means that both heliotherm and thermoconformer lizards should be vulnerable to the climate changes. There are little information available in literature about the biology of Amazonian lizards, although it is the most biodiverse region in the world and house about 210 species of lizards among all its extension. Therefore, the first chapter of this work had as goal to synthetize the knowledge on thermal physiology of these animals and incorporate unpublished data on thermal preferences for some species, besides to characterize their thermoregulation mode and recover the phylogenetic relationships among the characters. The second chapter, in turn, analyzes the persistence/absence status of 29 species, with projections to 2050 and 2070, in order to verify if their vulnerability is in fact associated to Tb, Hr and MET. Fourty-five studies reporting Tbs from 62 species were found, and additional data on Tb, as well as unpublished data on thermal preferences, were collected among 13 localities of Amazonia, encompassing several phytophysiognomies of the biome. Were obtained data on preferred temperature (Tpref), minimum (Vtmin) and maximum (Vtmax) voluntary temperatures and tolerance zone (critical thermals, Ctmin and Ctmax) for 33 species, and performance data (Topt) for 10 species. Tb, Tpref and Vtmin present low phylogenetic signal (K<1), and all variables are correlated, with exception of 1) Topt, which does not present correlation with Ctmax, and 2) Ctmin, which only correlates with Topt. Although shows significant statistical differences, heliotherms and thermoconformers present thermal characters intercalated in the scale of values, demonstrating a continuum between the extreme thermoregulation modes. The use of a species distribution model that mix environmental and physiological data to calculate the potential distribution of species in the present and future, considering a realistic scenario of greenhouse gases’ emissions, allows the verification of the persistence/absence status on 29 species of Amazonian lizards. Three of them, all heliotherms, presents a projection of territorial expansion by 2070. The other 26, presents a projection of reductions in their occurrence area, with heliotherms presenting lower mean values of Hr and higher mean values of Tb than thermoconformers. Has not been verified any pattern of vulnerability related to thermoregulation mode, and the majority of the species present low Tb and/or Hr, agreeing with the hypothesis that relates vulnerability to Tb, Hr and MET. Other eight species were also modeling, but they present issues in the calculation of the potential distribution and thus were not included in the vulnerability analysis. These species are being evaluated by the model’ developers to possible adjustments. Lastly, if the forecasts concretizes, the high occurrence restrictions recovered by the model can reflects a potentially high extinction risk of the species. The result is worrying, even considering the model limitations, and reinforces the need of conservation policies that take into account the effects of climate change on fauna, as well as further studies aimed to improving our understanding about the consequences of the global warming.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
História natural do lagarto partenogenético Leposoma percarinatum (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) em floresta amazônica, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) DIAS, Dina-Mara; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
To understand the ecological role that each species play in their habitat, basic studies of natural history, involving questions about habitat use, trophic and reproductive ecology, are necessary. Aiming to characterize the activity, microhabitat use, diet and reproduction patterns of a population of Leposoma percarinatum (Muller, 1923), we analyzed individuals collected in two areas of the “Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã” (PPBio and ECFPn), on the municipalities of Melgaço and Portel, Pará state. In order to do that, we analyzed the composition and importance of food items, microhabitat use, period of activity, reproductive cycle and fecundity of the species. L. percarinatum is a component of the humid leaf litter near water bodies. It is a diurnal species of lizard, with period of actibvity between 0800h and 1700h. With a generalist feeding habit, it feeds on arthropods, with Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Araneae being the most important items, without significant differences on the alimentary index between dry and rainy season. It has a continuous reproductive cycle and the clutch size is up to two eggs, where larger females tend to produce larger eggs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Revisão dos lagarto Cercosaura do grupo Argulus (Reptilia : Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) ABRANTES, Stephenson Hallison Formiga; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
Taxonomy of the lizard genus Cercosaura Wagler, 1830, Gymnophthalmidae, has recently changed to incorporate the former genera Pantodactylus and Prionodactylus. As currently recognized the genus contains 11 species. However, divergences in the literature indicate that the name Cercosaura argulus may encompass a group of species. The present study investigates the Cercosaura with divided frontonasal, here called “argulus group”, that includes the nominal species Cercosaura argulus Peters, 1863 and Prionodactylus oshaughnessyi Boulenger, 1885. A total of 151 specimens of 41 localities were studied on basis of five morphometric and 22 meristic characters. Specimens were divided into three groups, according to characters previously considered diagnostic of the two nominal species, further dividing ‘C. oshaughnessyi’ into a western and a Guianan group. A Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) was used to compare these three groups. Previously, Principal Component Analyses (PCA) were performed to (1) eliminate the influence of size in the comparisons (residuals of morphometric data with the first axis of a PCA were calculated and used in all subsequent statistical analyses); and (2) to select a smaller number of meristic variables to be used in the DFA. Results indicate that C. argulus and C. oshaughnessyi differ mainly by the presence of preanal pores, body length, and number of scales around midbody. Cercosaura oshaughnessyi is considered a valid species, restricted to western Amazonia, while a third, undescribed species of Cercosaura with divided frontonasal occurs in French Guiana and Amapá (Brazil).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Revisão taxonômica do complexo Gonatodes concinnatus (Reptilia: Sphaerodactylidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-04-06) STURARO, Marcelo José; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
The Gonatodes concinnatus complex, as established here, consists of Gonatodes species characterized by a white suprahumeral spot with black margins; vermiculations on back; and transversely enlarged scales under the tail, showing the sequence 1’1’1”, and in some cases 1’1’2” (on the anterior portion). Two species are presently recognized in this Amazonian group, G. concinnatus and G. tapajonicus. New material found in eastern Amazonia (states of Pará and Amapá, Brazil) made it necessary to review species of this complex. We analyzed several populations within this complex, from Peru, Ecuador, Colômbia, and Brazil (but not from Venezuela), including those new records. Specimens were separated in groups defined on basis of color pattern. Stepwise discriminant function analyses were then performed to compare the external morphology (represented by measurements and scale counts, separately) in these groups. Results support recognition of four taxa, corresponding to G. concinnatus, from western Amazonia, in Ecuador and northeastern Peru; G. tapajonicus, from the Tapajós river basin, in Pará, Brazil; and two new species, one from eastern Amazonia, in the states of Pará and Amapá, Brazil, and another from cis-andean central Colombia. Diagnoses and descriptions of all species are presented.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sobreposição de nicho de duas espécies simpátricas de Arthrosaura (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae), na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SILVA, Kleiton Rodolfo Alves da; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
In general, species with phylogenetic relationship use resources in similar ways and can be potential competitors. However, they can diverge in one of the three axis of the ecological niche; it may be at temporal axis, spatial and/or trophic axis. Those differences can be determinant for the existence of these populations. Assuming that these populations of Arthrosaura have had contact and that maybe has niche overlap, which strategies these species use to minimize the competition? Based on that, this study has the aim to investigate the spatial, temporal and trophic niche of these populations of Arthrosaura kockii e Arthrosaura reticulata in two sites at Caxiuanã’s National Forest. This is located between Melgaço and Portel county, Pará state, Brazil. Where were made three expeditions. The specimens were collected with the active search mode that began at 06:00 hours a.m and ended at 18:00 hours. Were collected data on 107 of A. kockii and 115 of A. reticulata of these, 107 and 113 had prey items in the digestive system, respectively. Stomachs were removed and the prey items were separated carefully and after were identified at the lowest taxonomic level. Were counted 26 prey items, which 25 were consumed by A. reticulata and 14 by A. kockii. Arthrosaura reticulata has a bigger niche breadth at the raining months and transitional months, A. kockii has a bigger niche breadth at the raining months and at drier months. The most important prey items consumed by A. reticulata were Araneae, Blattaria, Orthoptera-Gryllidae and Homopera, for A. kockii were Araneae, Blattaria, Orthoptera-Gryllidae and Isoptera. A. reticulata has a longer activity period initiating at 07: 50 am and ends at 5 pm, and has its peak of activity was between 09:00 hours and 14:30 hours. This specie was considered non-heliotherm. A. kockii had a smaller activity period, starting at 08:40 hours and ending at 15:25 hours and its peak of activity was between 10:00 hours and 14:30 hours. This specie was considered heliotherm. A. reticulata was found at the leaf litter with height between 2.5 cm and 13 cm, above and below this it was not found. A. kockii was found at the leaf litter with height between 1.5 cm and 10 cm, above and below those values it was not found. A. reticulata was found at many forest environments, near the water at low forest and at the terra firme forest, but A. kockii was only found at the terra firme forest. The deepness of the leaf litter and the distance from the water were important to the species distribution.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Variação geográfica e taxonomia do lagarto Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis Boulenger, 1912 (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-05) DEL PELOSO, Pedro Luiz Vieira; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263
The genus Ptychoglossus is included in the family Gymnophthalmidae and currently comprises 15 species distributed principally in western Amazonia. Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis, initially thought to have a peripheral distribution in Amazonia, was recorded in recent years in several localities in the interior of the Amazon, indicating a wide distribution within the region. However, little information on the morphological variation along the species range is available. In this report intraand interpopulational variation in the morphology of Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis was studied, including data on sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic variation. Ptychoglossus nicefori was included in the study, due to its resemblance to P. brevifrontalis and a history of synonymy between the two species. Geographic variation in some characters was found, without however justifying the recognition of additional taxa. The validity of P. nicefori is questionable but additional studies are needed before changes to the taxonomy of the group are proposed.