Navegando por Assunto "Lajes de concreto"

Agora exibindo 1 - 7 de 7

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do efeito da retangularidade dos pilares nos critérios normativos de dimensionamento à punção em lajes lisas de concreto armado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10-22) PAIVA, Odilson da Silva de; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1324105476558186
The system with flat slabs that do not depend on framework of beam has limited resistance by the resistance to punching shear, since the region of the slab-column is critical due to concentrated loads around the columns. The geometry of the columns is one of the factors influencing the distribution of stresses in the region of slab-column connection affecting turn in sizing the punching shear in the flat slabs. In this study we performed a thorough data collection that aims to collect into a single job the greatest possible amount of slabs covering the biggest names in the study of national and international punch, featuring a total of 131 slabs. A comparison was made between the main normative codes currently used Eurocode 2 (2004), NBR 6118 (2007), ACI 318 (2008) and CEB-FIP (2010). The experimental results were compared with those obtained theoretically taking into account the effects of retangularidade rate index in flat slabs of reinforced concrete, without punching shear reinforcement checking the adequacy, trustworthiness of each recommendation, analyzing the particularities of the rules and guidelines of each normative criterion.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise experimental de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado com viga faixa de altura variável
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-11-21) SACRAMENTO, Paulo Victor Prazeres; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1324105476558186
The ribbed slabs have been widely used in the buildings it has several advantages in its execution and performance. In order to get a good design of this type of slab is necessary ensure that the stresses are properly supported, mainly those considered critical, which can lead the structure to the collapse suddenly, as is the case of punching in connection wide beam-column or of the shear in the region of the ribbed. In order to evaluate the punching strength of the slab-column connection and the shear strength of the ribs were manufactured four reinforced concrete ribbed slabs, two slabs one-way and two slabs two-way. The flexural reinforcement rate was constant in all slabs. All slabs were square of side 2200 mm and thickness equal to 150 mm. The main variable in this study was the change in height of the wide beam. This variation has to evaluate the performance of the ribs, even when the limit of spacing between them is ensured. Also, check if the punching is a possibility of rupture in this case. The estimates in this step design were based on three different standards. These were ACI 318 (2008), Eurocode 2 (2004) and NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014). Studies with ribbed slabs have shown that the estimates of design standards are conservative. In addition, this predictions may lead to inadequate results for resistance slabs. The experimental results of this series of tests were compared to the standard recommendations in order to assess the accuracy of these three standards, which refer to the ribbed slabs. Were also built computational models in order to verify that the behavior of slabs as the stress distribution both in connection wide beam-column range as the beam connection wide beam-ribbed. The results showed that the slabs connection wide beam-ribs must be treated in a careful manner due to the difference in stiffness between the solid area and the ribs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise experimental dos limites superiores de resistência à punção de lajes lisas de concreto armado com armaduras de cisalhamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-10-30) FREITAS, Marcus Vinícius Pereira de; FERREIRA, Maurício de Pina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4242041552985485; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8905-9479
In the flat slab system, the slab-column connection is a critical point due to the risk of punching shear failure. Several structural collapses are reported due to this mode of failure and constructive errors are the main causes of such accidents, leading researchers to study new shear reinforcement to minimize them. The use of shear reinforcement is the most efficient way to increase punching shear ductility and strength, but its correct arrangement generates conflict with the flexural reinforcement. Thus, Ferreira et al. (2016) propose a prefabricated truss reinforcement positioned internally to the flexural reinforcement, which generated the patent number BR 10 2015 006518 3 A2. Therefore, the work carried out in this research contributes to the investigation of cases of bidirectional shear for the present reinforcement. In this research, 5 experimental tests of reinforced concrete flat slabs submitted to symmetrical loading, containing both Stud Rails and the pre-fabricated truss reinforcement proposed by Ferreira et al. (2016) as shear reinforcement, were carried out. The study evaluated the performance of the reinforcement in relation to punching shear strength and analyzed the upper limits of strength, since a flexural reinforcement ratio of 2% and shear reinforcement ratios around 1% were used. The slabs were octagonal with a 2500 mm distance between parallel faces, side of 1036 mm and thickness of 210 mm, cast with concrete around 30 MPa and supported on columns with 400-mm-side. The following variables were analyzed: shear reinforcement type, slope and spacing of the shear reinforcement layers, as well as the design parameters of ACI 318 (2014), EC2 (2014), ABNT NBR 6118 (2014) and ETA 12/0454 (2012) codes. The experimental results show that the increase of load, in relation to the slab without shear reinforcement, reached up to 92%, with the use of pre-fabricated truss reinforcement, and 101% with the use of Studs, showing that the upper limit of ultimate load as a function of the concrete strength (Vu/Vc) can be limited to 2 and that the reinforcement studied in this research has a high commercial potential, since its cost per increment of load was lower than the one of the slab reinforced with Studs Rails, except for the design criteria suggested by ETA 12/0454, reducing the total cost by 15.6%.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicação de técnicas de identificação de sistemas para previsão de resistência à punção em lajes lisas de concreto armado sem armadura de cisalhamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-02-27) AMORIM, Fábio de Oliveira; FERREIRA, Maurício de Pina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4242041552985485; BAYMA, Rafael Suzuki; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6240525080111166
The structural systems used in reinforced concrete pavements, in which the slabs rest directly on the pillars, without the use of beams, have, among their characteristics, the existence of high concentrated stresses in the slab-pillar connections. These tensions can cause these connections to rupture and cause the structure to collapse progressively. This is called a punching. As the breakage of the punching bonds is fragile, without warning, it is extremely important that the bond strength is checked. For the study in question, information was collected from two databases of several authors who performed experimental tests on plain slabs of reinforced concrete without shear reinforcement, containing several parameters used in the tests, as well as punching resistance values. A lot of studies were developed with the purpose of defining and standardizing procedures and mathematical functions that satisfactorily represented the phenomenon of punching in function of its various parameters of influence. In this way, calculation models and normative instructions have been developed that can be used for the study and development of the subject. Besides, some studies were developed with the rescue of numerical techniques and systems identification, resulting in equations that aim to represent the punching phenomenon satisfactorily. The present work aims to obtain a mathematical function that represents the phenomenon of punching in slabs without shear reinforcement by means of their strain strength, or even group of functions, if this is the case. Therefore, it was possible to propose improvements in the equations present in the norms. The results show that it is possible to predict new mathematical models that describe the phenomenon of punching by means of systems identification techniques. The results also show that it is possible to propose better mathematical models when evaluating better performance metrics than the equations derived from normative data through statistical data. Thus, it is concluded that new mathematical models can serve as reference for engineers of the area of structures and researchers of related areas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Contribuição ao estudo de lajes lisas unidirecionais de concreto armado com pilares retangulares ao puncionamento
(2007-12) FERREIRA, Maurício de Pina; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de
Analysis of recommendations to predict the ultimate punching resistance of flat slabs according to the actual Brazilian code, NBR 6118:2003, which does not consider the effects of the internal columns' rectangularity, and its previous version, NBR 6118:1980, are presented. In rectangular cross sections, the shear stress polarization rate is crescent. Thus, the slab failure mode changes, since the punching failure takes place at the column's ends, without compromizing the larger sides, as recommended by the new version of the code. This behavior tends to reduce the ultimate punching resistance of flat slabs when the normative estimates are compared. In addition to the results from the two codes, are presented a numerical analysis by the Finite Element Method and a proposal to improve the ductility of flat slabs based on the minimal dimensions for rectangular columns. The results showed that the NBR 6118:2003 estimates can be improved.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Punção em lajes lisas bidirecionais de concreto armado com furos e pilares com secção transversal em “L”
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-21) PINTO, Valdemir Colares; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1324105476558186
Aiming to improve the knowledge of the influence of hole position in reinforced concrete flat slabs with L-shaped column, this research show three different sets of hole position taking into account the effect of this parameter in the punching shear capacity resistance. For this, it have been analyzed 4 flat slabs with dimensions with (1800x1800x120) mm³, where one is the reference (without hole) and 3 have holes of dimensions of (100x100) mm², positioned adjacent to the column, with center of gravity of hole on the critical perimeter at 0,5⋅d and at 2,0⋅d. The load have been applied uniformly on the base of the column and the slab will be simply supported at four slides, simulating an inner column in a standard floor. The slabs have show flexural reinforcement with geometrical rates between 0.92% and 0.94%. To improve the analyses, computational models in finite elements have been elaborated through ABAQUS software, evaluating the stresses, dispacements, cracing and falure mode of slab. The estimative of design was based in four different standards and one theorical model: ACI 318 (ACI, 2008), Eurocode 2 (CEN, 2004), NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014), Model Code 2010 (fib, 2011) and Critical Shear Crack Theory (MUTTONI, 2008). The results have showed considerably difference between standards estimates and the experimental results.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Resistência à punção de ligações laje-pilar armadas ao cisalhamento com estribos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-08-29) BARROS, Rafael Nascimento Magalhães; FERREIRA, Maurício de Pina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4242041552985485
In order to avoid the punching failure and progressive collapse of flat slab structures, it is common to use shear reinforcement at slab-column connection of such structural systems. Stirrups consists in a sort of shear reinforcement composed by a single bar or by a group of bars which anchorage is provided mainly by stress transmitted to concrete by hooks or bents at their ends. Code formulations for punching shear strength calculation do not have rules for taking into account detailing properties of stirrups as variables. This fact makes needed the development of researches like the present work. This work analyses the performance of many types of stirrups to improve the punching shear strength of slab-column connections. Results obtained at experiments are compared to calculations based at recommendations of the codes NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014), Eurocode 2 (CEN, 2010), ACI 318 (ACI, 2014) and Model Code 2010 (fib, 2013). Some classification criteria for stirrups are defined, where the main criterion corresponds to the mode as the stirrups are anchored by hooks or bends around the bars of main reinforcement at tension and compression zones. Based at the analysis, observations about the portions of load carried by shear reinforcement and about the influence of factors inherent to stirrups at the strength to punching shear failure inside the shear reinforcement zone. It is proposed a classification respect to effectiveness of shear reinforcement according to codes hypothesis Some need of stablish maximum limits to ratio between the portion of strength carried by shear reinforcement and the strength of a slab without shear reinforcement. Such limit depends on the efficiency of the anchorage of stirrups: the better the anchorage, the higher the increase of strength.