Navegando por Assunto "Leishmania"

Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

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Antibodies to Leishmania spp. in domestic felines
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12) OLIVEIRA, Gabriela Capriogli; PAIZ, Laís Moraes; MENOZZI, Benedito Donizete; LIMA, Michele de Souza; MORAES, Carla Cristina Guimarães de; LANGONI, Helio
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by protozoa in the genus Leishmania, typical of rural and peri-urban environments. The causative agent of American visceral leishmaniasis is Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi and the main insect vector in Brazil is Lutzomyia longipalpis. Dogs (Canis familiaris) are important in the transmission of the disease, as a reservoir closely related to humans and an infection source for phlebotomine vectors. Since 1990, an increasing number of feline leishmaniasis cases have been reported, suggesting that domestic cats (Felis catus) might be involved in the epidemiology of the disease. The present study analyzed the prevalence of anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies in naturally infected domestic cats from various neighborhoods in the municipality of Belém, Pará, Brazil, using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and the direct agglutination test (DAT). Among the 443 samples tested, 18 (4.06%) presented positive reactions in the IFA. The observed titers were 40 IU in 4.97% of the samples and 80 IU in 0.90%. In the DAT test, positive results were found in 25 (5.64%) of the samples. The observed titers were also 40 IU (4.97%) and 80 IU (0.68%). The agreement rate between the two tests was considered low (Kappa coefficient = 0.10).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Apresentação clínica, etiologia e distribuição geográfica da Leishmaniose tegumentar no município de Santarém, estado do Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-12-27) MARTINS, Nádia Vicência do Nascimento; GARCEZ, Lourdes Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1949154423200138; XAVIER, Marília Brasil; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0548879430701901
American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is an infectious disease affecting skin and mucosa, which has shown a significant increase in incidence in recent decades, has an overall prevalence of approximately 1.5 million cases annually worldwide. The present study is an analytic approach, descriptive, cross-sectional profile with the objective of establishing clinical and epidemiological correlations etiologies of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a series of cases in western Pará In the survey included 102 individuals presenting clinical manifestations of ATL, selected in from October 2009 to November 2011, attended the Center for Zoonosis Control in the city of Santarém, state of Pará variables were analyzed from the application of the chi-square tack and presented through figures and tables. The results demonstrate that prevailed infections in males 85.29%, aged 30 to 40 years 32.35%, workers and residents of rural areas engaged in occupations mostly peasants 21.57%, showed single lesions 63.72%, 77.45% ulcerated type, located in the lower limbs in 58.82% of cases, with time to disease progression of 02 months on average 74.50%. Conclusion: Six Leishmania species were identified, and the subgenus Viannia more prevalent and predominant species E (V). braziliensis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividades antimicrobiana e antipromastigota de extratos e frações de Virola surinamensis (Rol ex Rottb.) Warb (Myristicaceae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-13) SARAIVA, Maria Elinete Veras; DOLABELA, Maria Fâni; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0458080121943649; SANTOS, Lourivaldo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3232898465948962
The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of extracts and antipromastigota V. surinamensis and its fractions. To obtain the extracts have been used increasingly polar solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) and the ethyl acetate extract was fractionated into open column chromatography, using as stationary phase silica gel and eluents such as mixtures of hexane and ethyl acetate gradient increasing polarity. To evaluate the antimicrobial activity was used in agar diffusion test being used the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The active fraction was subjected to microdilution, which determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In assessing the activity antipromastigota used the Leishmania amazonensis and L. chagasi, being determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). Extracts hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol were subjected to agar diffusion test, and there were no inhibitions of bacterial and fungal growth. Just FA3 ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the ethyl acetate extract inhibited the growth of S. aureus in the agar diffusion test. But in this fraction microdilution proved inactive (MIC> 1000μg / mL). Only the hexane extract was active in promastigote forms of L. amazonensis and L.chagasi. In short, only the hexane extract was active in promastigote forms of Leishmania.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Biologically active polyketides produced by Penicillium janthinellum isolated as an endophytic fungus from fruits of Melia azedarach
(2005-04) MARINHO, Andrey Moacir do Rosário; RODRIGUES FILHO, Edson; MOITINHO, Maria da Luz Ribeiro; SANTOS, Lourivaldo da Silva
Penicillium janthinellum, isolated as an endophytic fungus from fruits of Melia azedarach, was cultivated over 20 days on ground and autoclaved white corn, where the known polyketides citrinin, emodin, 1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-hydroxymethylanthraquinone, and a new modified anthraquinone, named janthinone, were produced and isolated by classical chromatographic procedures and identified by MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The antibacterial properties of these polyketides were investigated. Citrinin inhibited 100% of Leishmania growth after 48h at a concentration of 40 μg mL-1.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo do microcultivo in vitro para o isolamento de Leishmania sp no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-09-29) CASTRO, Nádile Juliane Costa de; ISHIKAWA, Edna Aoba Yassui; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3074963539505872
Leishmania parasites have variability of species in the Amazon region and its correct identification is necessary to isolate them. Currently for the isolation of the parasite and subsequent diagnosis of the disease have used the technique of in vitro microculture. Hence, the aim of our study was to optimize the in vitro microculture technique for isolation of Leishmania sp. to contribute to the identification of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis circulating in the state of Pará For isolation beyond the microculture was analysed the technique of vacuum aspiration adapted, and parasite viability at temperatures under 25°C. Was used 18 hamsters infected with samples from clinical cases of CL, 3 L. (L). amazonensis 2 and L. (V). braziliensis which held 56 culture by vacuumaspiration in NNN media, 12 in microtubes and 23 in microcapillaries with RPMI media supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% Penicillin-Gentamicin maintained between 25°C and 31°C. For the second stage, participated in seven patients, a total of 6 cultures by vacuum aspiration and 42 by microcapillary. It was remained at low temperature 7 tubes with NNN which were kept at 5°C. It was observed that the isolates by vacuumaspiration samples of L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (V.) braziliensis in hamsters were susceptible to adaptation of the technique, differently of samples of patients. The positivity ranged between 2-8 days and 4 and 5 days respectively. The microtubes were positive for the same samples of hamsters in the period 5-8 days. For samples of patients, 2/12 tubes by vacuum-aspiration were positive for isolation and in microcapillaries 6/42 less than the values found in literature. The samples stored at 5°C showed viability until 30º day. Thus, we find that the microculture is viable for use within our region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo in vitro da infectividade de espécies de Leishmania do subgênero Viannia em macrófagos peritoneais de camundongo BALB/c
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003) CAMPOS, Marliane Batista; GOMES, Claudia Maria de Castro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660496919187291; SILVEIRA, Fernando Tobias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8106158306299969
Parasites ofthe genus Leishmania show both intra- and inter-specific variations of infectivity. There is little available information, however, regarding the infective behavior of New World species particularly those of the Amazon Region of Brazil, where there occur at six species of the subgenus Viannia causing human cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). The aim of the present study was to investigate the infectivity of 5 of these species for the peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice, and their role in the host-cell's production of nitric oxide (NO). Thirty strains of Leishmania were divided into 6 groups of the fol1owing species: I-L. (V.) braziliensis (from cases of localized skin lesions-LCL); II- L. (V.) braziliensis (from cases of mucocutaneous lesions- LeM); III- L. (V.) guyanensis; IV- L. (V.) shawi; V- L. (V.) naiffi and VI- L. (V.) lainsoni. They were cultivated in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/gentamicin, until reaching the stationary phase of development. These promastigotes were used to infect the macrophage cell cultures, in the proportion of 4 flagellates/macrophage. The cultures were then incubated at 35°C with 5% CO2 and, after 24 hours following inoculation, the corvelips were stained by Giemsa's method to determine the infection index. The nitric oxide (nitrite) concentration was measured in the culture supernatant by Griess' s method to determine the infection index. The nitric oxide (nitrite) concentration was measured in the culture supernatant by Griess' s method. It was found that LCM strains of L. (V.) braziliensis showed the highest infection index (385), significance p<0.05,compared with L. (V.) braziliensis LCL strains (264). L. (V). naiffi and L. (V.) lansoni had the lowest infection indices of (215) and (272), respectively, but, were not significally different from index of L. (V.) guyanensis (300). Rrgarding the NO levels, the highest was that for L. (V.) naiffi (4,1µM), and the lowest for L. (V.) braziliensis-LCM strains (2, 15µM). The other readings were (3,14µM) for L. (V.) lainsoni, 2,96µM for L. (V.) shawi, 2,76µM for L. (V.) guyanensis and 3,1µM for L. (V.) braziliensis-LCL strains. It is conc1uded that L. (V.) natffi. In this way it may be noted the NO levels for infected macrophage were inversely proportional to the degree of infectivity of the species studied.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Investigação de Leishmania SP em carrapatos de cães de bairros de Imperatriz-MA, através da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) FREITAS, Milena Sousa; ISHIKAWA, Edna Aoba Yassui; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3074963539505872
Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania, can affect humans and animals depending on the species of the parasite, transmitted by sandflies are female insects of the genus Lutzomyia, that in exercising hematophagism inoculated infective promastigote forms, but recently has been raised hypotheses about the transmission by ticks. According to the epidemiological surveillance of Imperatriz-MA is a city endemic for both Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (LT) and for Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). This study aimed to investigate the presence of Leishmania spp in ticks collected from dogs presented to petshop and Zoonoses Control Centre of the Municipality of Imperatriz using the PCR technique. DNA was extracted from 640 female ticks and tested using the primer which amplifies the mini-exon gene of Leishmania sp. Ticks were collected from 41 dogs of different neighborhoods of Imperatriz. Most ticks were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The following clinical signs of leishmaniasis in dogs were observed: onychogryphosis in 53.65% (22/41); ulcers 63.41% (26/41), hair loss and loss of appetite in 39.02% (16 / 41). One hundred and seventy ticks (26.56%) of 16 dogs had collected DNA from Leishmania subgenus Viannia, responsible for the cutaneous form of the disease. DNA was not detected none of Leishmania infantum chagasi. Infected ticks were collected from both symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs. Although it has not been shown that ticks can transmit Leishmania to dogs under natural conditions, the outcome of this study has several important because it is a non-invasive method of detection, able to differentiate groups of parasites in circulation, particularly if animals do not have lesions, may be a biological indicator in places where there is an investigation done serological and entomological not and can support the programs of the local health surveillance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência da co-infecção por Leishmania sp. em pacientes portadores de HIV/AIDS atendidos pelo Programa Municipal de DST/AIDS no Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) de Imperatriz-MA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SILVA, Lúcio André Martins da; ISHIKAWA, Edna Aoba Yassui; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3074963539505872
The co-infection with Leishmania-HIV-AIDS is a serious public health problem in most of the world. However, cases of coinfection remain underestimated, since leishmaniasis is not AIDS-defining illness. It was conducted a cross-sectional survey from December 2011 to February 2012, with the objective to investigate the prevalence of co-infection HIV/Leishmania in patients enrolled in the cityprogram STD/AIDS in the Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) de Imperatriz-MA. The study population consisted of 199 individuals. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire to obtain demographic, socioeconomic and epidemiological data, and it was also performed tests through collection of biological material (blood) of all patients for detection of infection with Leishmania sp., through laboratory tests (CD4 and CD8 counting) and PCR research. Among the patients it was observed similarity between the frequency of gender, 49.2% male and 50.8% female, with an average age of 40 years. It was observed that 61.8% have a low level of education and 69.3% have an income of up to minimum wage. 2.01% (4/199) of patients analyzed presented coinfection Leishmania/HIV. From these, 3 showed mixed infection with Leishmania (V.) sp and Leishmania (L.) amazonensis causing ATL, and one patient infected by Leishmania (L.) chagasi, causing VL. Comparing the risk factors, comorbidities and complications among patients analyzed it was observed that malaria was the only factor that proved significant at around 10.05%. This was the first study that investigates the Leishmania HIV coinfection in the city of Imperatriz, Maranhão and identification of coinfected patients was of fundamental importance to the service as from which will be able to then follow up these patients. This study provided the magnitude of the prevalence of co-infection Leishmania/HIV. Thus, we suggest that the anti-Leishmania test is performed on all subjects with HIV/AIDS, and are incremented public policies for this problem.