Navegando por Assunto "Lenha"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“[...] dividir o corte da lenha [...] afim de não vermos brevemente as nossas matas calvas e estragadas”: a lenha nas Províncias do Pará e Amazonas (1850-1888)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-23) CORDOVIL, Wendell Presley Machado; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140
In the 19th century in the Amazon, the steam vessels that sailed the region’s rivers did not yet use diesel as fuel. House kitchens still did not use “cooking gas”. It was another item that stood out as a producer of energy for steam ships and kitchen stoves in everyday life: firewood. Trees were felled, cut into pieces and turned into “sticks” [achas de lenha]. From the 1850s onwards, firewood became a valuable product for steam navigation on Amazon rivers and for kitchens in homes, institutions or bakeries and hotels. Firewood produced interactions between humans, but also between humans and non-humans, such animals and plants. Indigenous people, blacks, whites, horses and “maçarandubas” (a type of tree) appear as characters in this Master’s Thesis. With documents (such as newspapers, reports from provincial presidents, travel reports, drawings and floor plans) it was possible to understand a little of the complex reality that existed in Pará and Amazonas, between 1850 and 1888, for the production, trade and use of firewood. Focusing on steams and kitchens, this work presents the use of firewood, the mandatory work for the production of this fuel, human interaction with plants, animals, and also the beginning of a concern with deforestation generated by the production of firewood, from its uses and representations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso da capoeira na extração de lenha: em três comunidades locais no pólo Rio Capim do PROAMBIENTE-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-09-14) LOPES, Barto Monteiro; MENEZES, Maria de Nazaré Angelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2943083062747137; KATO, Osvaldo Ryohei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4241891652832872
The firewood is one of essential products for the small husbandman, for being the main source heater energy, used on its daily activities. This energy is gotten from the cleared land and secondary vegetation, and are used from husbandman. The objectivities here, is to identify which the most important forest species used by producers to obtain firewood from the husbandman practices on; estimating the consumption of firewood per people; analyzing the chemical, physical and energy characteristics of firewood; and inquiring their potentialities to produce coal and condensable gases. The research was achieved in three local communities: São José do Itabocal and Fé em Deus, both are located at São Domingos do Capim and, Santa Rita community, at Mãe do Rio, all of them belong to Polo Rio Capim of PROAMBIENTE program, in the northeast of Pará. The method used was the study of multiple cases, using for that, many kind of devices, as field research: interviews, questionnaires, direct comment, field notebook, further on laboratory analysis of the physical, chemical and energy characteristics of the firewood. About the results, we can emphasize that 61,3% of husbandman, need firewood to use in the cassava flour house, where is the principal fuel used for preparing the cassava flour. Moreover, its as bigger use is in the food firing, being Itabocal the community more dependent of this heater source. Seventeen species of tree were found, that are used as fuel, emphasizing the lacre, mitaceira and ingá. The firewood consumption was gotten per people, on the order of 3,80, 3,68 and 2,51 kg/ people /day for the communities of Fé em Deus, Itabocal and Santa Rita, respectively. For the production of firewood and vegetal coal, they stood out the mitaceira and ingá based, mostly, in the apparent specific masses of the analyzed material of the related species (0,52 g/cm3 and 0,53 g/cm3, respectively) for the choice as firewood; and in the incoming in fixed carbon; for the choice of use as coal, statistics superior to the one of the third analyzed forest species (lacre), 24,15% and 23,70%, respectively. For the production of condensable gases, emphasizing the lacre (with Incoming in Condensable Gases = 44,93%), with a great potential of the use of relatives husbandman part.