Navegando por Assunto "Lesão medular"

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos anti-inflamatórios e neuroprotetores do extrato de gergelim (Sesamum indicum L.) em um modelo experimental de lesão aguda da medula espinhal de ratos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06-10) PENHA, Nelson Elias Abrahão da; LIMA, Rafael Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3512648574555468; LEAL, Walace Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2085871005197072
The spinal cord is a component of central nervous system (CNS) with crucial functions for locomotion, motor skills, somatosensory and authonomic control. Spinal injuries are among the more serious and debilitating pathological conditions to human health with large worldwide. The use of experimental models of spinal cord injury (SCI) is pivotal to understandthe SCI pathophysiology as well as search for treatments to minimize the neurological deficits and improve functional recovery. In this work, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of supercritical gergelim (Sesamum indicum L.) extract in the acute phase of SCI in adult rats. Male Adult rats were submitted to spinal cord (SC) hemissection at T8. The sham (non lesioned) and control animals were treated with 5% tween(veicle), while treated animals received intraperitoneal (i.p) injections of Gergelim extract (150 mg/kg divided in two doses per day). Animals were allowed to recovery and were perfused at 1, 3 and 7 days post-lesion. 20 μm sections were obtained using a cryostat and stained with methylen blue, hematoxylin-eosin (HE), trichromic of Gomori and cresyl violet for gross histopathology. In addition, sections were immunolabeled with specific antibodies against neutrophils (anti-MBS-1) and activated microglia/macrophages (anti-ED1). The muscle force was assessed through electromiographic records performed in both control and treated animals at 1 and 7 days postlesion. The control animals presented progressive SC cavitation concomitant with neutrophil recruitment and microglia/macrophage activation. The treatment with gergelim extract induced tissue preservation and considerable decrease of neutrophil recruitment at 1 and 3 days, which was confirmed by quantitative analysis (ANOVA-Tukey, p<0.05). The gergelim treatment also decreased the microglia/macrophage activation at 7 days (ANOVA-Tukey, p<0.05). The electromiographic records revealed that the gergelim treatment improved the muscular force in about 50% compared to control animals. The results suggest that black gergelim seed extract is anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and induces muscle force recovery in adults rats submitted to acute SCI. Future studies should confirm that a phytotherapic obtained from black sesame extract can be used as possible neuroprotective agent for human SCI.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos do exercício voluntario na recuperação de hemissecção da medula espinhal: mudanças na rede perineuronal e acetilação de histonas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-31) SFAIR, Márcio José Teixeira; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio
Regular physical exercise prevents and combats various diseases over time, especially as a great therapeutic tool for the treatment of lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). After transection (complete or incomplete / hemisection) spinal cord reactive glial cells secrete substances inhibitory to axonal regeneration , for example , molecules of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (PGSCs) that play an important role in the formation of a physical barrier chemical , called glial scar, which prevents the growth of axons damaged by injury. Research involving experimental model of spinal cord injury and rehabilitation by exercise have obtained promising results. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms by which promote these positive results are still poorly understood. The objective of this study was to analyze the recovery of motor function of the hind paw after voluntary exercise protocol in an experimental model of spinal cord hemisection and investigate two molecular mechanisms involved in functional recovery: the degradation of the PGSCs Perineuronal networks and histone acetylation. To do this, twenty-four (24) male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) mice were used and divided into 3 groups (control, trained and untrained). Except for the control group, all animals were accustomed to racing wheels and followed underwent an experimental surgery hemisection of the spinal cord at the time of the 8th thoracic vertebra. Our results showed that voluntary exercise on wheels racing after experimental spinal cord injury promoted recovery of motor function of the affected hind paw, but did not observe qualitative differences in histone acetylation and degradation PGSCs between groups.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Neuroproteção, diminuição do infiltrado de neutrófilos e microgliose após tratamento com óleo-resina de copaifera reticulata ducke em um modelo experimental de lesão aguda da medula espinhal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-01-25) SANTOS, Thayssa Ferreira dos; LEAL, Walace Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2085871005197072
Most central nervous system (CNS) diseases are incurable and extremely debilitating, acute spinal cord injury (LAME) causes permanent loss of neurological function below the level of the injury, causing severe physical consequences to patients. Trauma, falls and gunshot or joint weapon damage together make up almost 100% of the main mechanisms that cause LAME, as well as contribute to the high costs of the public health system. The pathophysiology of LAME involves complex processes such as vascular changes, excitotoxicity, lipid peroxidation and neuroinflammation, generated mainly by microglial cells. Despite the knowledge of pathophysiology, there is still no effective treatment for LAME. Thus, there is a mobilization of the scientific community to find a substance capable of promoting neuroprotection and, consequently, to reduce the sequelae of LAME below the level of the lesion. In this context, the Copaíba Resin Oil may represent a good therapeutic strategy. In this study, we investigated the antiinflammatory and neuroprotective effects of copaiba resin oil after hemisection of the spinal cord of rats. The animals were divided into experimental and control groups. Immunohistochemical techniques using anti-MBS-1 (neutrophil marker), anti-Iba-1 (microglial marker) antibodies, as well as staining with Cresila Violet were used. Qualitative and quantitative analyzes were performed. Copaiba resin oil proved effective in decreasing the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the area of spinal cord injury and promoted better preservation of the tissue area compared to the control group. As in the lowest neutrophil recruitment in treated rats compared to the control group (Treated group: 8.33 ± 0.66 (N = 3); Control group: 12.27 ± 0.28 (N = 3)) . Copaíba resin oil also promoted a reduction in the number of microglia in the area of spinal cord injury at different times (Treated group on day 1: 8.59 ± 1.72 (N = 3), Control Group on day 1: 35, (N = 3), Control Group on the 7th day: 65.77 ± 6.19 (N = 3)). These results suggest the antiinflammatory and neuroprotective effect of copaiba resin oil after LAME, revealing a promising strategy for the patient after LAME.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perdas significativas, luto e atividade sexual após a lesão medular: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-08) MOREIRA, Paula Silva; CORRÊA, Victor Augusto Cavaleiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1910742195880054
Objective: To describe what the studies have said about significant losses, bereavement and sexual activity after spinal cord injury. Method: This is a scoping review conducted in accordance with the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute, described according to the indications of the latest version of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF), with access available at: https://osf.io/x6d4n. The research question was based on the acronym PCC: Population (spinal cord injury), Concept (significant losses, bereavement and sexual activity) and Context (studies published in the literature). Five scientific databases were used: APA-PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library and BVS Portal. We included studies in any language that addressed significant losses, bereavement and the sexual activity of people after spinal cord injury, without limiting the year of publication. Data was collected blindly by two independent reviewers using Google spreadsheets® and Rayyan® software, meeting the eligibility criteria. A descriptive qualitative analysis of the data was carried out and the results were presented in figures, tables, flowcharts and discursive writing. Results: 6 studies were included, which presented accounts of experiences after spinal cord injury. The data show that one of the main losses that leads to grief associated with sexual activity is bodily changes and loss/alterations in genital sensations significantly affect the sexual experience of people with spinal cord injury, and this factor was associated with feelings of loss of sexually attractive appearance, especially for women and impacted self-esteem and identity, both female and male and the process of grief elaboration was not strongly investigated and described in the studies included. Discussion: It has been shown that sexual activity is a major concern for people who have suffered a spinal cord injury and the impact of this loss can be reflected in the experience of mourning as a possibility of elaboration, whether or not it is perceived by the mourners. However, further research is needed to identify and classify the losses and grief associated or not with sexual activity, making it possible to cope better. Final considerations: There are few studies that address the losses associated with the sexual activity of people with spinal cord injuries and identify the development of grief in the face of such loss, although studies have been identified that point to this relationship.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Predição da massa livre de gordura e do índice de massa muscular por impedancia bioelétrica em homens com tetraplegia fisicamente ativos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-05-25) VIEIRA, Andreia Bauermann; KOURY, Josely Correa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9039270525512042; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3189-9261; SILVA, Anselmo de Athayde Costa e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4794918582092514; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5265-619X
Individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (c-SCI) experience progressive loss of fat-free mass (FFM) due to decreased physical activity and neurological impairments because the function of spinal neuronal circuits below the level of injury is impaired. Therefore, there is a reduction in muscle strength and physical performance, characterizing sarcopenia, similar to what occurs in the elderly. The bioelectrical impedance (BIA) method is valid and accessible for predicting FFM in different population. The ground of the BIA method is based on the principle of constant hydration. However, individuals with c-SCI show important variations in hydration status, a fact that makes it difficult to use generalized predictive equations for FFM by BIA. Considering that the prediction of FFM in individuals with c-SCI is important to monitor changes in body composition and to support studies on sarcopenia, the present dissertation aims to: 1) test the agreement between the FFM values obtained by three different predictive equations by BIA and by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), 2) test the applicability of bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) for this group; and 3) compare the use of the muscle mass index (SMI) from the FFM obtained by BIA and DXA for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in people with tetraplegia, considering different levels of physical activity (sedentary, active >150 minutes per week, and very active > 210 minutes per week). Able bodied individuals (n=23) and with c-SCI physically active (n=13) or inactive (n=10) participated in the study. Only the equation by Buchholz et al. showed agreement (coefficient of agreement=0.85) with DXA. Sarcopenia is a common disease after c-SCI and can be diagnosed using the SMI, which was tested in this group using the suggested equations for BIA and DXA. The use of the SMI-BIA to classify sarcopenia in sedentary c-SCI individuals resulted in substantial diagnostic agreement (Kappa=0.727) according to the Kappa coefficient. Buchholz et al. equation presented the best agreement, but this was not enough for this equation to be recommended for use in people with c-SCI and a specific equation for this population should be created. However, the use of cut-off points to diagnose sarcopenia from the SMI-BIA seems promising in sedentary people with c-SCI, necessitating further studies in people with c SCI that are physically active.