Navegando por Assunto "Lodo"

Agora exibindo 1 - 7 de 7

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização física, balanço de massa e avaliação de critérios de projeto da unidade de decantação da estação de tratamento de efluentes de refinaria de alumina
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-04) OLIVEIRA, Elaine Cristina dos Santos Cunha de; ALVES, Rui Guilherme Cavaleiro de Macêdo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1902384822911246
The research aimed to evaluate the physical aspects of the liquid phase and the solid phase, as well as to evaluate the performance of the decanters of an ETEI, located in Barcarena, through the mass balance and comparison of the TAH and the solids application rate (TAS). with project references and standards. Two of the four lines of ETEI decanters under study were monitored, on two consecutive days samples were collected from the liquid phase at the inlet and outlet, and from the solid phase, the ETEI sludge. The analyzes were carried out at the Laboratory of the Federal University of Pará (LAESA), together with the solids analyses, flow data was consulted using online monitoring instruments, as well as project data in technical files and a survey of normative and bibliographical references. With the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that the concentration of total solids is higher in Decanter 82E when compared to Decanter 82C. The result of the solids analysis also made it possible to evaluate the higher percentage in the portion of fixed suspended solids, that is, indicating a higher inorganic load characteristic. Regarding the mass balance, a generation of solids inside the decanters is observed due to the fact inherent to the process which refers to the presence of caustic soda in the raw effluent, aligned with the neutralization reaction that occurs in the medium through the use of sulfuric acid, forming sodium sulfate as a by-product of the treatment process, therefore this increase in solids is expressed in terms of dissolved solids. Regarding the assessment of the TAH observed in the monitored data, it was higher than the minimum indicated by Metcalf & Eddy (1991), but it remained in line with the design reference, compatible with the behavior of flows at low load. And in this same comparative logic, the TAS evaluation remained in both decanter 82C and 82E at a rate lower than the minimum indicated by Metcalf & Eddy (1991)
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da reciclagem de lodo de eta na fabricação de agregado sintético em mistura com cinza volante de carvão mineral
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-11-22) SILVA, Elzelis Muller da; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
The Wastes (sludge) generated in the Water Treatment Plants (WTP) and fly ash from coal-fired power plants cause problems by the amount and concentration of harmful substances in them. Thus, this study aimed to produce synthetic aggregates using sludge WTP Bolonha (Belém/PA) and fly ash assessing their technical and environmental viability. The composition of the synthetic aggregates consisted of a high concentration of these residues in mixture with clay to molding and sintering at temperatures of 1200°C and 1250°C. The physical, mineralogical and microstructural analyzes of the synthetic aggregate were performed. Two concrete were produced, one with synthetic aggregate, and other references. In concrete were assessed their physical and mechanical properties in fresh and hardened state, and their microstructures. For the characterization of the concrete waste leaching and dissolution testing were performed. Synthetic aggregates were classified as lightweight aggregate for its low bulk density (<2.0 g / cm3) according to NBR 7211 (ABNT, 2009). The concrete produced with sintered aggregate (AGS-02) at 1250 °C was classified as non structural lightweight concrete according to the norms NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014) and NBR 8953 (ABNT, 2015). The concrete of waste were classified as waste class IIB, non-hazardous and inert by NBR 10004 (ABNT, 2004) and within the limits of Resolutions No. 20/1986 and 430/2011 CONAMA into rivers class 2. It is noteworthy the synthetic aggregate meets the demands of the construction industry, reduces the consumption of raw materials and offers an alternative to the final disposal of waste.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo de viabilidade econômica da implantação de leito de secagem para tratamento de efluentes sanitários gerados em uma mineradora no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-12-28) FERREIRA, Cleyton Eduardo Costa; MENDONÇA, Neyson Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7534816053779593
Waste management is one of the main challenges of modern society, especially when it comes to finding more sustainable and economical alternatives for the treatment and disposal of these materials. In this context, biosolids, a byproduct generated from wastewater treatment, have been identified as a possible source of nutrients and organic matter for agriculture and other sectors, thus contributing to a more circular economy. Biosolids contain a large amount of nutrients that can be used to improve soil quality and increase agricultural productivity (OLIVEIRA et al., 2018). In addition, the use of biosolids as fertilizer can reduce the need for chemical inputs, contributing to the reduction of the environmental impact associated with final disposal (RIBEIRO et al., 2015). This study was conducted in a mining company in the state of Pará, Brazil, which has eight decentralized anaerobic wastewater treatment plants. The study aimed to define the treatment route for biosolids, as well as to evaluate the economic viability of implementing a drying bed for the production of biosolids to be applied in the restoration of degraded areas. It was found that 11,776 kg of total suspended solids (TSS) per year of sludge are generated, resulting in the design of a drying bed with three cells, each with 22 m², an operation cycle of 25 days, and a Surface Application Rate of 13.30 Kg TSS/m²xdia. For sanitization, CaO was chosen. The implementation cost of the drying bed was R$ 100,358.70, operational costs were R$ 2,059.62/month, and the solution via incineration was R$ 18,415.80/month. Based on the simple and discounted payback, the investment returns in approximately 7.14 and 7.19 months, respectively, and is part of the synergistic costs with the current sanitation management. The other indicators point to the investment as viable and capable of financial surplus. Therefore, the company will have financial and environmental gains with the implementation of the project.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Importância da frequência de descarte de lodo na eficiência dos decantadores de estações de tratamento de água em ciclo completo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-10-20) CUNHA, Márcia Valéria Porto de Oliveira; PEREIRA, José Almir Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9918600634569244
In this work, different periods of discharge of the sludge stored in the decanters of the ETA Bolonha had been evaluated, with the purpose to recommend the operational routine that presents the best ones results in the efficiency of the decanters. The three experimental phases had been divided in three stages: being in phase 1 evaluated the efficiency of the current operation routine of the decanters what is the total discharge of sludge in 12 in 12 days. In phase 2, the operational routine was modified to a daily discharge during the time of 5 minutes and so it coud take care of the recommendations of the executive project; by the other hand, in phase 3, the operational routine was modified again, discharge of sludge of 5 in 5 days during the time of 5 minutes, in order to getting better results of efficiency. In these three phases it was realized the control of total suspended solids, dimming and color in the effluent tributary and, as well as quantified and characterized the sludge generated in the decanters. With the research it was possible to observe that according to the point of view of efficiency of the decanters, the implemented operational routine in phase 3 (discherge of sludge to each 5 days) it was showed more adequate. By the way, it recommends that tests with other operational routines should be done in order to remove the sludge deposited in the decanters to diminish the losses of water of this operation. Moreover, it is important to study other ways to remove the deposited sludge in the intermediate tray of the decanter to prevent the accumulation of sludge on tray.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Redução de custos e aumento da eficiência no tratamento de efluentes industriais: estudo de caso em uma empresa do seguimento de embalagens do polo industrial de Manaus – PIM
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-13) DAMASCENO, Priscila Bentes; Cunha, Edinaldo José de Sousa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8714515962963079; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
The corrugated cardboard packaging industries represent a high polluting capacity by using inks in their conventional manufacturing processes. In turn, the treatment of the effluent generated in these industries must be efficient, in order to promote the removal of the pollutants that make up the paints, preventing them from reaching the receiving bodies. Because, when incorporated into the water supply, they offered health risks. In order to mitigate these risks, the present work proposes to identify, through a diagnosis, to increase the efficiency of the current system adopted by the industrial effluent treatment station (ETEI) of a corrugated paper industry, with the purpose of increasing the quality of the final effluent, as well as reducing the cost inherent to the disposal of solid waste generated by the treatment (sludge). Structural physical interventions were carried out, such as the installation of access stairs and expansion and maintenance of tanks, collections at the inlet and outlet of the system for analysis of the physical-chemical characteristics of the raw and treated effluent. With the implementation of the system optimization proposal, there was an increase in the speed and daily treatment capacity, which allowed reducing the accumulation of raw effluent in the reservoir. The physical-chemical analyzes of the treated effluent showed that all the parameters studied, including the legally established DBO and DQO, were achieved with the treatment, making it possible to comply with the CONAMA resolutions 357/05, Art. 34 and CONAMA 430/11. In addition, there was, on average, a decrease from 71% to about 10% of the final sludge moisture and, consequently, a significant reduction in disposal costs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso de geotêxtil para a desidratação de lodo da ETE Vila da Barca-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-15) SOUZA, Luciana Otoni de; MENDONÇA, Neyson Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7534816053779593
Checks the sludge dewatering performance of ETE Barca Village with use of geotextile. Sludge conditioning was done with the aid of chemical coagulant PAC (polyaluminium chloride - Polyvinyl aluminum- 10%) and the cationic flocculant polymer of the type FLONEX 4400 SH 0.1%, which allowed the formation of well-defined and larger flakes short stirring time interval approximately 9 jar test ". For the evaluation and selection of the ideal situation for dosages on conditioning were performed 25 trials with varying the concentrations of the raw sludge and polymer and PAC. Among the tests, which was stood the test 3, the second dosing with 95 mg / L and 8 mg polymer / L of PAC and concentration of sludge 24,106 mg / L. For these dosages showed a dewatering filtrate with satisfactory quality and the physical and chemical characteristics and a pie with high concentrations of ST and low moisture content. In the mass balance in the cake, it was possible to obtain the geotextile dewatering efficiency in the first 3 doses of the test results 3 with 90%, 91% and 91% showing good performance of geotextile. In the statistical analysis, the formation of two main components forming the set of all physical and chemical variables of 3 filtrates from the 3 trial demonstrated homogeneity, inter-relationship and similarity between them, because they can define with a high degree of significance the filtrate characteristics.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Verificação da tratabilidade de água residuária oriunda de beneficiamento do açaí por processo físico-químico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-15) FEIO, Vanessa Farias; MENDONÇA, Neyson Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7534816053779593
This work aims to study the wastewater treatability coming from açaí processing plant, trougth jar test assay to get the best conditions for the physical-chemical wastewater treatment. For this, two experimental steps was done:1) Quantitative and qualitative characterization of raw wastewater to elaborate flow hydrograph and hydric balance. 2) Assay coagulation/flocculation/oxidation on jar test using hydrated lime, tannin, sodium hypochlorite, polyaluminium cloride and polymer. In treatability test dosage was varied for each product and analyzed in the clarified effluent variables: pH, apparent color, turbidity and COD. It was also determined the treated effluent quality index and the qualitative characterization of effluent of the proposed treatment, beyond the physical characterization of the sludge. Furthermore, it was estimated monthly cost of chemicals products for proposed treatment. By the results for wastewater quantitative characterization were obtained flow of Qméd = 305 L/h; Qmax = 521 L/h and Qmin = 183 L/h and qesp. of 0.51 L/kg.d. To the water balance was found that weight of water used is 112.4 ton/d, generating 7.30 ton/d of wastewater, water in the pulp mass equal to 49.36 ton/d and water loss of 55.81 ton/d. For treatability tests the best result was obtained for the combination polyaluminium (18mg/L) and polymer (30 mg/l) at pH 8.0, resulting in apparent color removal 98.5%; 99.8% of turbidity and COD equal to 90% . In the physical characterization of sludge was found values: density of 1.002 and specific mass equal to 1001.8 kg/m³, moisture content of 98.9%, and the SV/ST equal to 73%. In the cost estimate with chemical products was obtained R$4,77/month, representing R$0,022/m³ of treated effluent. We conclude that this effluent treatment is viable for physical-chemical treatment process.