Navegando por Assunto "Loricariidae"

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Biologia reprodutiva e dinâmica populacional de Hypancistrus zebra Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1991 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae), no rio Xingu, Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-05-25) ROMAN, Ana Paula Oliveira; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081; ISAAC, Victoria Judith; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3696530797888724
Hypancistrus zebra is a specie used with ornamental purposes, endemic and rare in the Middle - Lower Rio Xingu, which has strong demand from the international ornamental fish market, which created a strong pressure of exploitation associated with this species. H.zebra is included on the list of Brazilian fauna threatened with extinction and their capture is prohibited. It is known that even prohibited, it continues to be captured and exported illegally, together with the construction of this hydroelectric Belo Monte in his patch of distribution, which threatens their geographical distribution and lack of information on its biology and ecology make it difficult planning actions for this species. So, if this work aimed to study aspects of reproductive biology and population dynamics to contribute to conservation measures for this species. Specimens of H. zebra were taken monthly from March 2009 to February 2010, by diving with a compressor, on the Xingu River, between the location of the weevil and Rita village of Belo Monte. The captured individuals were weighed and measured (total weight and total length). The gonads were removed and immediately fixed in Bouin solution. This was followed by routine histological techniques and the slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The stages of gonadal maturation were described based on the presence of germ cells at different stages of development. Through the length frequency data, estimates of population parameters such as growth models, recruitment, mortality, yield per recruit and size of first gonadal maturity. The species showed a seasonal spawning peaks between the two transition seasons of drought and flood (and vice versa) of the river, and two periods of recruitment, with different growth rates. It was estimated that the species has a lifespan of five years, and is at the limit of maximum sustainable yield, which is characterized as a dangerous situation for the species, because any increase in effort will compromise the stock and it is not known impacts that occur as a result of changes in their habitat caused by dam construction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cytogenetic analysis of Baryancistrus xanthellus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Ancistrini), an ornamental fish endemic to the Xingu River, Brazil
(Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia, 2016) MEDEIROS, Larissa Azevedo de; GURGEL, Eduardo Gentil Ginani; SOUSA, Leandro Melo de; PY-DANIEL, Lúcia Helena Rapp; FELDBERG, Eliana
Baryancistrus xanthellus is a species from the Ancistrini tribe known commonly as "amarelinho " or "golden nugget pleco". It is one of the most popular and valued ornamental fishes due to its color pattern. Also, it is an endemic species from the Xingu River occurring from Volta Grande do Xingu, region where the Belo Monte Hydropower Dam is being built, to São Félix do Xingu. The current study aimed to cytogenetically characterize B. xanthellus . Results point to the maintenance of 2n=52, which is considered the most common condition for the tribe, and a single nucleolus organizer region (NOR). Mapping of the 18S rDNA confirmed the NOR sites, and the 5S rDNA was mapped in the interstitial position of a single chromosome pair. The 18S and 5S rDNA located in different pairs constitute an apomorphy in Loricariidae. Large blocks of heterochromatin are present in pairs 1 and 10 and in the regions equivalent to NOR and the 5S rDNA. Data obtained in this study corroborated with the currently accepted phylogenetic hypothesis for the Ancistrini and demonstrate evidence that the genus Baryancistrus occupies a basal position in the tribe.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Descrição cariotípica de peixes dos gêneros Baryancistrus, Parancistrus, Peckoltia e Ancistrus (Ancistrinae, Loricariidae) da Bacia Amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-06-13) SOUZA, Augusto Cesar Paes de; PIECZARKA, Julio Cesar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6644368250823351
The subfamily Ancistrinae is one of the most diversified among Loricariidae fish, including approximately 200 species, distributed in 26 genera. These fish are easily recognized by the presence of bony plates arranged in series along the body, and by the antero-ventral position of the mouth. Their common names are acaris, bodós, cascudos and sucker-mouth. Species of the subfamily Ancistrinae comprise an important social-economic resource, constituting one of the most important commercial activities in Altamira-PA. In this study, the karyotype of nine species of fish belonging to four different genera (Baryancystrus, Parancistrus, Peckoltia and Ancistru,$) of the subfamily Ancistrinae were analyzed through conventional (Giemsa, C-band and Ag-NORs) and fluorochrome (Chromomycin A3) techniques. The species of the genus Baryancistrus showed a diploid number 2n= 52, and FN=104. NORs were found in an interstitial position of the short arm of a biarmed chromosome. The species B. aff niveatus had large blocks of constitutive heterochromatin, rich in G-C. This character was considered apomorphic. Hence, the karyotype of this species was considered the most derived among the species of this genus. Genus Parancistrus includes species with a karyotypic structure very similar to the one found in Baryancistrus, and the position of NORs could be considered as a possible apomorphy shared by these two genera. The species of the genus Peckoltia showed a diploid number with 52 chromosomes, and FN=102, with large heterochromatic blocks in ali the species. These blocks comprised almost ali the long arras of some submetacentric and subtelocentric chromosome pairs, which could be considered as a possible apomorphy shared by the species of this group. NORs were found in the long arm of a submetacentric pair in P. vittata, and in the maximum of three chromosomes in Peckoltia spl and Peckoltia sp2. Ancistrus ranunculus showed the most derived karyotype among all the species analyzed in this study. This karyotype had 48 chromosomes and FN=80. Cytogenetic analyses so far suggest that inversions were the most important rearrangement that occurred during the chromosomal diversification of Ancistrinae, except in Ancistrus ranunculus, in which Robertsonian rearrangements were also observed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hematologia como ferramenta no monitoramento do "status" da cadeia produtiva de oito espécies de Acaris ornamentais (Loricariidae) do médio Rio Guamá, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-28) NEVES, Mikaelle de Souza; FUJIMOTO, Rodrigo Yudi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9538142371454660
The present study monitored the health of eight species of ornamental plecos (acaris) captured and marketed in the Guamá River Middle - Pará, through the establishment of the hematological baseline value, evaluation of transport stress and infestation by Trypanosoma spp. The ornamental plecos were: ancistrus (Ancistrus sp. - L338), loricaia (Rineloricaia lanceolata - L10), picoto (Hypostomus sp. - L28), bola (Peckoltia oligospila - L06) pleco (CochiIodon sp. - L145), canoa (Lasiancistrus saetiger - L323), assacu (Pseudacanthicus spinosus - L160) and pinima (Leporacanthicus galaxias - L07).The blood collections for determination of hematological baseline (Chapters I and II) were realized at the site of capture fish, under the least stress as possible. Blood samples uninfected were separated to enable comparisons with the others after the transport stress (Chapters III and IV) and also with fish infected by Trypanosoma spp. (Chapter V). The transport stress lasted 3h, in density 1,5 fish/L, simulating the marketing process the fish in the region and was avalued et 0, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96h after stress. In Chapter I and II, the hematological baseline showed significant difference (p> 0.05) among the seven species of plecos although they belong to the same family and share similar ecological niches. The transport stress for 3h (Chapters III and IV) not compromise the health of plecos, since most of the hematological parameters returned to baseline within 24h for the bola, 48h for the pleco and 72h for the picoto, being respectively, the minimum time indicated by the results of these fish to maintained before a new trade. The all eight plecos species studied were infected by Trypanosoma spp. (Chapter V). Normocytic-hypochromic anemia was observed in ancistrus and canoa, and hypochromic-macrocytic anemia in loricaia. In infected pinima showed under stress with lymphocytopenia, neutrophilia and monocytosis. Therefore, the results of this test provided an assessment of the healthiness of these species of ornamental plecos through the haematological examinations, thereby subsidize the development or adequacy of management less stressful for these plecos in order to assist the sustainability of ornamental plecos extractive chain.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Peixes ornamentais do rio xingu: manutenção e reprodução do Acari zebra Hypancistrus zebra Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1991 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) em cativeiro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-29) RAMOS, Fabrício Menezes; CORDEIRO, Carlos Alberto Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5010139685215361; FUJIMOTO, Rodrigo Yudi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9538142371454660
The Hypancistrus zebra is an endangered species, but remains illegally captured and sold in the Middle Xingu region, mainly due to lack of creating technology that enable its creation in captivity and reduce the exploitation of natural stocks. Thus, the main objective of this work is to generate maintenance protocols and reproduction of zebra pleco, Hypancistrus zebra in captivity. Therefore, we obtained 300 copies of acari zebra according to SISBIO authorization No. 38215-2 and ethics committee animal No 03.14.00.017.00.00. This study was divided into four chapters, the first being related to conduct an inventory of the species of the Xingu River to select the priority species for the development of farming technologies; Evaluate the acceptability of different food and shelter in maintaining zebra pleco maintained in the laboratory; To evaluate various conditions for inducing playback zebra pleco in tanks and; Evaluate feeding management for fry of F1 generation Hypancistrus zebra. Based on the array were chosen five species of the family Loricariidae (Hypancistrus zebra, Hypancistrus sp.2, Baryancistrus xanthelus, Scobinancistrus sp.3 and Ancistrus sp.4), one species to Potamotrygonidae (Potamotrygon leopoldii) and two species of cichlid (Creniciclha regani and Teleociclha spp.). With respect to the preference for shelters acari zebra time spent in shelters was higher in clay shelters (276 ± 51 day min-1) followed by the stone shelter (198 ± 96 day min-1), outside the shelter (134 ± 15 day min-1), and PVC under (70 ± 52 day min-1). The preference for food the sort order of preference of the food was higher for Artemia sp. followed by food fish, shrimp and mussels. But when the fish fed with Artemia sp. or mix food, they had higher final weight, final length and weight gain compared to single foods with shrimp and fish. Regarding the frequency and feed rate, there was no interaction between the rate and the supply frequency and the frequency 2:03 daily feeds and feed rate of 10% day-1 body weight promote better results of production performance. It was also observed that the best storage density is 2.00 g L-1 to provide the best specific growth rate. Regarding reproduction were observed five spawns from different couples, and 3 to 1 male and 2 females. The biggest male is the dominant territorialist and have parental care. average position of 13.8 ± 6.72 eggs, diameter of 4.4 ± 0.12, volume 41.4 mm3 volume and calf 34.3 mm3. The outbreak is 7 days post fertilization (PF) and PF 17 days the yolk sac has been absorbed. The different values tested for electrical conductivity in the water and hormonal treatments were not enough to promote spawns in acari zebras. Performance figures in fingerlings acari zebra remained similar between the treatments. It follows therefore, that the zebra pleco is the kind of priority Xingu river in technology development. The use of ceramic refuges is the most suitable in Hypancistrus zebra. The zebra pleco should be cultivated at a density of 2 g L-1, and its power is not random, with preference for brine shrimp, which must be distributed in 10% day-1 body weight in 2 daily feedings. In addition to complementary food brine shrimp can be combined to provide similar performance. Captive breeding is however possible new techniques that facilitate the scheduling of reproduction should be evaluated. Furthermore, due to the short larval stage and with great reserve yolk sac, promote healthier fry and being resistant to feed frequency not directly influence on performance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sistemática das espécies de cascudos “acari-cachimbo” do gênero Hemiodontichthys bleeker, 1862 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) com a descrição de quatro espécies novas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) MENDONÇA, Marina Barreira; WOSIACKI, Wolmar Benjamin; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0040413891328104
The taxonomic revision of the genus Hemiodontichthys Bleeker, 1862 resulted in the recognition of five valid species, including four new species. A new diagnosis for the genus is provided, H. acipenserinus is redescribed, an identification key is included, and a distribution map for the genus is provided. Hemiodontichthys sp. “Coari” occurs in the Urucu basin, Hemiodontichthys sp. “Tocantins” in the Tocantins drainages, Hemiodontichthys sp. “Peru1” in the Madre de Dios , Ucayali and Nanay rivers, on Peru, Hemiodontichthys sp. “Peru2” has an inaccurate location on Iquitos, and the type-species H. acipenserinus, occurs on Guaporé river, Madeira river, and in the middle and lower Amazon river. Comments about the monophyly of Hemiodonthichthys are presented.