Navegando por Assunto "Mauritia flexuosa"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adsorção e dessorção supercrítica de carotenos e antioxidantes do óleo de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa, Mart) em leito de γ- Alumina
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03) CUNHA, Marcos Augusto Eger da; FRANÇA, Luiz Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6545345391702172; MACHADO, Nélio Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5698208558551065
In this work we investigated the enrichment of antioxidants buriti oil (Mauritiaflexuosa Mart) adsorption process by supercritical. The adsorption was carried out experimentally by the method of frontal analysis in columns packed with y-alumina and 15, 20 e 25 MPa, 333 K, and flow of solvent QCO2 = 10,6 L/min, using an assembly of double columns of 81 cm3, tested and approved for use as a cell adsorption. The oil was buriti physic-chemically characterized according to the AOCS official methods and found to comply with the data reported in the literature. The composition of methyl esters was determined by gas chromatography (CG) and antioxidant activity by the method of capture of free radicals (DPPH). The adsorbent was characterized by fluorescence and x-ray diffraction, determining the particle size distribution, porosity and surface area by BET in each experiment, a material balance was performed in the adsorption column to calculate the mass of the adsorbed species in y-alumina in the process of supercritical adsorption. The influence of pressure on supercritical adsorption was investigated by examining the behavior of the isotherms. The Langmuir isotherm was used to model the experimental data of adsorption. The experimental results show an increased capacity adsorbent with higher pressures, showing a maximum of 90,9 ± 8,6 mg oil/g y-alumina, at 25 MPa. The adsorption supercritical buriti oil on γ-alumina using carbon dioxide as solvent appears to be an alternative method for extracting antioxidants from the includ carotenes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
. Caracterização física, aspectos morfológicos, comportamentos térmico e mecânico do pecíolo do miriti como um material potencial para aplicações em pás de turbinas eólicas.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-28) GOMES, Igor dos Santos; VAZ, Jerson Rogério Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1623983294183975; WOOD, David Home
In many small wind turbine blades, the internal space between the laminated shells is filled with a core material. In this context, with the aim of enabling the application in both small and large blades, this thesis presents the petiole of the miriti palm (PMP) as a potential material for such applications. PMP is abundant in the Amazon region, and its harvesting does not harm the palm, as the petiole regrows, making the process fully sustainable. This could play an important role in enhancing the sustainability of wind turbine manufacturing. The physical properties, morphological aspects, and thermal and mechanical behaviors of PMP were determined and compared to balsa wood (BW). Additionally, the advantages of using the easily worked petiole for the core in manufacturing were considered, as demonstrated by the construction of a 0.598 m blade and starting performance tests of the turbine in both computational simulations and wind tunnel experiments. The results showed that PMP is about 50% less dense than BW. Consequently, turbine starting simulations indicated that the low density of the small blade made from PMP reduces starting time by 10% compared to EPS and by 42% compared to BW. While PMP and BW have similar morphological aspects as they are natural materials, BW tends to absorb about 3.6% more moisture and around 9% more water than PMP. The thermal behavior of PMP shows stability up to approximately 200°C, making it suitable for most wind turbine manufacturing processes. Regarding mechanical properties such as tensile, compression, bending, and shear strength, both BW and PMP exhibited elastoplastic behavior. Although BW generally possesses higher mechanical properties than PMP, the specific properties of PMP are greater than those of BW, except in cases where the load application does not align with the vascular bundle direction. For instance, the specific elastic strength and specific elastic modulus in tensile with a load applied at 90° in relation to the vascular bundle and in tensile with a load applied at 0° in relation to the vascular bundle of the PMP are approximately 13.5%, 3%, 30% and 61% higher than those of the BW, respectively. PMP’s specific elastic strength in GS compression is approximately 18.5% higher than BW. In shear strength, the specific elastic strength and specific modulus of elasticity of PMP are 20% and 54.5% higher compared to BW. Fatigue results indicate that PMP has a fatigue life of around 106 cycles. Wind tunnel tests showed that, regardless of wind speed, the best results for power coefficient, torque, and thrust were observed in 6-blade configurations, with values of 0.3083, 0.1224, and 2.2993 for λopt equal to 2.519. In analyzing the experimental results for rotation, thrust, torque, and kinetic energy ratio during turbine starting, the periods through which the turbine transitions between transient and steady states were observed, aligning with literature findings. The results presented in this work show that PMP has potential for application in wind turbine blades, as the combination of sustainable materials with significant specific mechanical properties, such as low density, has the potential to improve turbine design, reduce starting time, and extend the high-efficiency operating range.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Characterization of Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.) oil by absorption and emission spectroscopies
(2005-12) ALBUQUERQUE, Marcos Lázaro de Souza; SILVA, Ilde Guedes da; ALCANTARA JUNIOR, Petrus Agrippino de; MOREIRA, Sanclayton Geraldo Carneiro; BARBOSA NETO, Newton Martins; CORRÊA, Daniel Souza; ZILIO, Sérgio Carlos
Oil samples obtained from Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.) palm tree fruits were characterized by absorption and emission spectroscopies. The absorption spectrum was recorded in the range from 300 to 2000 nm, while the emission spectrum was analyzed between 400 and 800 nm, where several bands were observed. To better understand these complex spectra, we recorded both absorption and emission spectra of its major components. By correlating these data, we present a discussion on the possible origin of the bands observed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Craqueamento termocatalítico do óleo de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.), óleo de palma (Elaeis guineensis) e sabões do óleo de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-06-30) SILVA, Marcilene Silva da; MACHADO, Nelio Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5698208558551065; BORGES, Luiz Eduardo Pizarro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8756886156388456
The present work aims to investigate the Thermocatalytic Cracking Process of the Buriti Oil ( L.), Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis) and burit oil soap, considering the transformation of vegetable oils and soaps using the thermocatalytic cracking in biofuels, using Na2CO3 (Sodium Carbonate), CaCO3 (Calcium Carbonate), CaO (Calcium Oxide) and Acidic Zeolites (HZSM-5) as catalysts and temperatures of 420, 450 and 480 ° C. The fruit of Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L) was collected and extracted from the pulp oil, and then this oil was characterized in relation to the Acidity Index, Saponification Number, Viscosity, Density, Refractive Index and CHN analysis. In preliminary tests it was used the refined and neutralized palm oil, so they were not characterized. Buriti soap was prepared in the laboratory with potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide and stored for thermal pyrolysis. The catalysts were also characterized in relation to Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of 29Si and 27Al, XRay Diffraction, thermal analysis, chemical analysis and TPD of ammonia. In the process of thermocatalytic cracking the liquid products produced were analyzed regarding the parameters: yield, acidity index, infrared spectrum, NMR and CHN analysis and then were characterized in relation to density and kinematic viscosity. However, regarding the level of acidity of the liquid products, only basic catalysts produced cracked with acceptable values for use as fuel. From the results it was verified the efficiency of catalysts in which the sodium carbonate catalyst gave products with low acidity and good characteristics for use as fuel.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Definição de condições ótimas para o processo de secagem em spray dryer da polpa de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-02-09) CRUZ, Tatyane Myllena Souza da; MEDEIROS, Heloisa Helena Berredo Reis de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9067574515452039; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5234-840X; PENA, Rosinelson da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3452623210043423
Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) is a native fruit of the Amazon, known for its functional potential, attributed to a high concentration of carotenoids. The spray drying process, in turn, can transform solution, suspensions or pastes into small droplets, which in contact with hot air produce powders with characteristics that favor the preservation of the product, in addition to facilitating storage and the transport. Thus, the objective of this work was to optimize the drying process of buriti pulp, in spray dryer, aiming to obtain a powdered product with desirable characteristics. For this, a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used to determine the influence of the variables: drying air temperature (130 – 190 °C), feed flow (7 – 17 mL/min) and carrier agent concentration (20 – 60%), on the product properties: moisture, water activity (aw), hygroscopicity, total carotenoid content, water solubility index (WSI) and the instrumental color parameter b* (fruit characteristic color parameter). To ensure the stability of the emulsion in the suspension, soy lecithin was added to all formulations, in the amount of 5% in relation to the dry matter of the sample. The response surface methodology (RSM) and the desirability function defined as optimal conditions for the drying process of buriti pulp: a gum arabic concentration of 60%, feed flow rate of 17 mL/min and drying air temperature of 190 °C; in the experimental domain. Under these conditions, the powder obtained had the following characteristics: 0.62 g/100 g moisture, aw of 0.16, hygroscopicity of 18.79 g/100 g, carotenoid content of 60.92 µg/g, ISA of 80.26% and a value of 31.32 for the chromaticity parameter b*.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia da polinização do buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. – Arecaceae) na restinga de Barreirinhas, Maranhão, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) MENDES, Fernanda Nogueira; VALENTE, Roberta de Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9638288458835324; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
The study of native palms is important for its great value economic and in maintenance of communities of several species of vertebrates and invertebrates that feed on their fruits, seeds and leaves. The efficiency in the production of palm fruits is directly related to the presence of pollinating insects, especially beetles, bees and flies. The palm Mauritia flexuosa, commonly known as buriti, is the most abundant species in Brazil and is also called the "tree of life" because it is 100% usable. This study aimed to contribute to the knowledge of the pollination ecology of buriti in Restinga, in the municipality of Barreirinhas, Maranhão, Brazil. Therefore, we obtained data on reproductive phenology, floral biology, breeding system, and flower visitors. For phenological monitoring 25 individuals of each sex were selected, which were observed from August/2009 to October/2012. The stages of a flower and fruit were related to climatic variables through correlation Speaman. The process of anthesis and floral longevity was observed during peak flowering species, verifying the pollen viability, stigmatic receptivity, the regions emitting scent and occurrence of thermogenesis. Tests of cross-pollination and apomixis were made to check the reproductive system. The transport of pollen grains by wind was observed through glass slides greased with vaseline which have remained hanging near the pistillate inflorescences for 24 hours. The floral visitors were collected by bagging inflorescences of 20 of each sex and were classified according to the frequency and behavior. The buriti presented annual, synchronous and seasonal phenological pattern with flowering from August to November and peak fruit falling in September, which corresponds to the dry season, differing from that of the Amazon, where these phenological events occurred in rainy season. This difference can be explained by the greater availability of water in the region, which makes the buriti not necessarily depend on the rains to flowering. This was evidenced by the significant negative correlation of phenophases with precipitation and relative humidity. A strong solar irradiation and water availability in the environment contributed to the success in flowering and fruiting of buriti. In addition, biotic factors may have influenced the phenology, whose reproductive strategy adopted appears to be synchronization of flowering and fruiting with the activity of pollinators and seed dispersers. Thus the species warrants its reproduction in an optimal period for seed germination and seedling establishment. The reproductive system of buriti is xenogamic. The set of floral traits, combined with the abundance of pollen and the strong odor suggests that the buriti has as its main strategy pollination cantharophly, but the wind has a great importance in pollination. Besides presenting a mixed pollination (ambophily), flowers buriti attracted a wide variety of visitors, whose wealth was higher than those observed in the the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hygroscopic behavior of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) fruit
(2011-12) MELO, Wellington dos Santos; PENA, Rosinelson da Silva; RODRIGUES, Antonio Manoel da Cruz; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da
The objective of this study was to perform an analysis of the characterization of buriti fruit (Mauritia flexuosa). Each part of the fruit (peel, pulp, and fibrous part) was analyzed and their hygroscopic behavior was evaluated to establish the drying and storage conditions. Adsorption and desorption isotherms were obtained at 25 °C to the monolayer value was estimated, and the application of the Halsey, Handerson, Kuhn, Mizrahi, Oswin, Smith, BET, and GAB models was evaluated to the prediction of the isotherms. The fruit pulp was classified as rich in high quality oil, and like the peel and the fibrous part, it was also considered as rich in dietary fiber. The isotherms of the fruit parts were classified as type II, and their microbiological stability (aw< 0.6) can be maintained at 25 °C if the moisture content is lower than 8.5, 7.3, and 11.0 g H2O.100 g-1 of dry matter (d.m.), respectively. The hygroscopic behavior showed that in order to ensure stability, the fruit parts should be packaged with low water vapor permeability. The monolayer demonstrated that the peel, pulp, and the fibrous part cannot be dried under moisture content lower than 5.9, 5.0, and 6.4 g H2O.100 g-1 d.m., respectively. GAB was the most adequate model to describe their isotherms.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Nutritional composition, fatty acid and tocopherol contents of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) and patawa (Oenocarpus bataua) fruit pulp from the amazon region
(2011-06) DARNET, Sylvain Henri; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da; RODRIGUES, Antonio Manoel da Cruz; LINS, Roseana Telles
Buriti and patawa are two endemic palm trees from the Amazon region. Their pulps are traditionally consumed by the local population, but are underused and lesser known worldwide. Nutritional composition, fatty acid and tocopherol contents of the two palm pulps were determined by modern analytical methods: Gas Chromatography (CG) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), based on the standards of AOCS (AMERICAN..., 2002) and AOAC (ASSOCIATION..., 1997), respectively. Buriti and patawa fruit pulps are highly nutritive, with respectively, high fat content (38.4% and 29.1% of dry matter (DM)), protein content (7.6% and 7.4% of DM) and dietary fibers (46% and 44.7% of DM). Buriti pulp can be considered healthy food due its high content of vitamin E (1169 µg.g-1 DM). Patawa pulp is highly oleaginous and its fatty acid composition is very similar to the ones of healthy oils, such as olive oil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Propriedades reológicas do suco de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02) RODRIGUES, Antonio Manoel da Cruz; BEZERRA, Carolina Vieira; SILVA, Ivonete Quaresma da; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da
Knowing the rheological behavior of tropical fruit juices is very important for both consumers and food industry. This study investigated the rheological behavior of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) juice. The rheological data were obtained through a rotational viscometer with concentric cylinder geometry (Brookfield, model DV II+). The assays were carried out at six different temperatures (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 °C) and the experimental results were adjusted through the Power Law and Mizrahi-Berk models. The buriti juice showed non-Newtonian behavior at the six temperatures. When quantifying apparent viscosity (hap), therheological parameters (K and n) were obtained by adjusting the Power Law, which was shown to be quite appropriate in predicting the juice’s rheological behavior, with determination coefficients r² > 0.99 for five out of the six temperatures investigated. The product showed pseudoplastic (n < 1) behavior and the flow behavior index decreased as temperature increased. The effect of temperature on apparent viscosity was described through an Arrhenius equation and discussed in terms of energy of activation (Ea) and the values of Ea ranged from 2.84 to 3.0 kcal/gmol for the strain rate used.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reproductive phenology of Mauritia flexuosa L. (Arecaceae) in a coastal restinga environment in northeastern Brazil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03) MENDES, Fernanda Nogueira; VALENTE, Roberta de Melo; RÊGO, Márcia Maria Corrêa; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina
The buriti, Mauritia flexuosa, is the most common palm in Brazil, where it has considerable ecological and economic importance. However, few data are available on the phenology of the species, mainly in coastal restinga ecosystems. The present study monitored the reproductive phenology of M. flexuosa in the restinga of Barreirinhas, in the Brazilian Northeast, and investigated the relationship between phenophases and climatic variables. The presence/absence of flowers and fruits was recorded monthly in 25 individuals of each sex between August, 2009, and October, 2012. There was no difference in the phenology of male and female specimens, with flowering and fruiting occurring exclusively in the dry season. We believe that the specific abiotic characteristics of the study environment, such as the intense sunlight and availability of water in the soil, contribute to the reproductive success of M. flexuosa in the dry season, with consequent germination and establishment of seedlings occurring during the subsequent rainy season