Navegando por Assunto "Microbiologia"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ações de educação ambiental na sensibilização da qualidade da água para consumo humano no assentamento Palmares, no município de Araguatins, Tocantins
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-22) LIMA, Lílian Natália Ferreira de; SILVA, Cleber Silva e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7673237583688618
The importance of assessing the quality of water for human consumption is based on the fact that it is one of the main vehicles of infectious diseases. The objective of this research was to evaluate the quality of the water for human consumption, by means of the physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of the water of open and closed wells of the settlement Palmares, Araguatins (TO) and to develop an educational campaign based on the results obtained in the study, based on environmental education. The physical, chemical and microbiological parameters were collected during the period from October 16 to 20 in two wells of the settlement, using the multiparameter probe, turbidimeter, Ph meter, thermometer. The results obtained were compared with the resolution of the Ministry of Health nº 2.914 of 12/12/2011. The analyzed data of the wells of the settlement Palmares indicate that there is change in the behavior of some parameters. These changes were observed in the values of salinity (NaCl) that presented concentrations above the maximum concentrations allowed by Ministerial Order Nº 2.914 of 12/12/2011, the analysis of variance did not recognize the existence of significant differences between the collections of the mean values of the campaigns sampled from all groundwater parameters of the open and closed wells studied, indicating that there were no methodological errors, accepting the null hypothesis. According to Ordinance Nº 2.914/11/MS, results obtained in this study were unfit for human consumption, since the values of salinity, pH and E coli did not meet the potability standards, indicating contamination by organic matter. Still, it is concluded that the families of the palm groves are consuming water outside the potability standards stipulated by the Brazilian legislation and that the improvement of the quality of the water offered goes through the diffusion of sanitation technologies and the use of efficient methodologies for environmental education of the inhabitants of the settlements.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização molecular de Klebsiella pneumoniae produtoras de ß-lactamases de espectro ampliado e Carbapenemase tipo KPC isoladas de pacientes hospitalizados em Belém, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12-13) MARQUES, Patrícia Bentes; LOUREIRO, Edvaldo Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685418720563351
The antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae is increasing worldwide. The K. pneumoniae constitute an important group of human patogen, causing of hospital and communitarian infections. In these bacteria, the production of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) is one of the main mechanisms of resistance the antimicrobials, responsible for the imperfection of the therapy against infections for gram-negative bacilli. This work aimed to do the molecular characterization of the K. pneumoniae producing ESBL and KPC about antimicrobial resistence in pacients from Belém-PA. A total of 124 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from public hospital from Belém-PA and susceptibility test was performed to detect its susceptibility patterns antibiotics. Phenotypic tests for extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC) producing strains were performed to detect the resistance phenotype of the isolates. Then PCR amplification and sequencing analysis were performed for the drug resistance determinants genes. The results showed that 83% strains harbored bla CTX-M gene, 85,5% carried bla SHV , 83% carried bla TEM and 5% carried bla KPC. The most frequent gene ESBL detected was bla CTX-M-71, which was observed in 60% of isolates. Other ESBL genes were bla SHV-38 (5% of isolates), bla SHV-100 (5% of isolates) and bla SHV-12 (3,5% of isolates). O gene bla KPC-2 was detected in 100% of isolates.These enterobacterias showed multidrug resistance phenotypes with high levels for quinolones and aminoglycosides. Associations between genotypes and antibiotic resistance were observed.The presence of multidrug resistant micro-organisms in hospitals, reinforces the need for measures for rapid containment of possibles infections caused by these pathogens.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Folhas de mandioca cozidas: avaliação do processamento e estudo de uma etapa de detoxificação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-08-21) LEHALLE, Ananda Leão de Carvalho; ABREU, Laura Figueiredo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9379947446021216; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7286-4789; LIMA, Consuelo Lúcia Sousa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2971385954203459
This study evaluated the technological processes used to produce cooked cassava leaves (cooked manioc) considering the insertion of a detoxification process (rest test), aiming at reducing the total cyanide content. Ten samples of cooked cassava leaves commercialized in the city of Belém-PA were collected, five from fairs and five from supermarkets, where analyzes of cyanogenic (total cyanide, non-glycosidic cyanide and free cyanide), microbiological and physical contents were performed. -chemistry. The processes for producing cassava leaves cooked at fairs and agro-industries were verified. Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) were verified by applying a checklist to two agro-industries. To study the detoxification process (rest test) the leaves were ground and remained at rest without and with added water at the times: 1.5; 3; 4.5; 6 and 24h, being performed analysis of cyanogenic compounds in all tests and pH only in fresh leaves and homes of 24h. Four processes of production of cooked cassava leaves were reproduced on a laboratory scale: two used in fairs and agroindustries (1 and 2) and two considering the rest tests that showed greater elimination of cyanogenic compounds (3 and 4). In the product of each assay, pH, cyanogenic and microbiological compounds analyzes were performed. Cyanogenic compound contents were determined by spectrophotometric reading at 605 nm. Microbiological analyzes were performed of: Salmonella spp, Bacillus cereus counts, coagulase positive staphylococci, coliforms at 45 ° C, mesophilic aerobes and mold and yeast. The physicochemical analyzes of moisture, ashes, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, fibers, pH determination by direct reading in potentiometer and Total Titratable Acidity (TTA) were performed. The results of the cyanogenic compounds will vary from 1.25 to 8.22 mg HCN / kg, being 100% above the free cyanide legislation. All samples complied with legislation for Salmonella spp, coagulase positive staphylococci and Bacillus cereus. For coliforms at 45 ° C, 60% of the fair samples and 20% of the supermarket were in compliance with the legislation. The results of mesophilic and mold aerobic and yeast ranged from <2.40 to 5.38 and <2.88 to 7.30 log CFU / g, respectively. The fair samples were below the minimum recommended for humidity, lipids and pH and the supermarket samples, below the established for ashes, lipids and pH. Agroindustries were considered to be at high risk compared to GMP. The results of the detoxification study show significant difference between the pH of fresh leaves and the resting time of 24 h. The 6h rest tests with and without water showed greater elimination of cyanogenic compounds, so they were used in laboratory scale processing. Regarding the results of the processes on laboratory scale, There was no significant difference in the pH of fresh leaves compared to the products of the processes nor between the products 1, 3 and 4, in relation to the cyanogenic compounds and microbiological parameters. Changes in processing influence the contents of cyanogenic compounds, as well as the scarcity of GMP preceded by contamination. Resting tests contributed to the elimination of part of the cyanogenic compounds, however much of the conversion and elimination of HCN occurred in the leaf milling process, being this primordial step for detoxification and the previous grinding cooking proved unsatisfactory in relation to the parameters. cyanogenic and microbiological.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência do fungo cladosporium cladosporioides no índice de qualidade e perfil aromático das amêndoas de cupuaçu (theobroma grandiflorum schum)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-14) LIMA, Ana Júlia Mota de; LOPES, Alessandra Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8156697119235191; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-5859
Cupuassu [Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K. Schum] is a native fruit to the Amazon region, produced on a large scale in the state of Pará. From post-harvest seed processing, it’s possible to obtain a product with a high nutritional and sensory quality similar to chocolate. The objective of this article is to present an updated review of this fruit and it’s peculiarities, detail the characteristics of the fermentation process and the microbial diversity present in the environment responsible for changes in various chemical and volatile compounds, that composes the expression of the aroma and flavor of the final product, there are only 1480 articles in the literature that generally fermentation. The keywords used for this review were: fermentation, cupuassu, cupulate, microbiology, filamentous fungi and Cladosporium cladosporioides.