Navegando por Assunto "Minas Gerais - Estado"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização genética de avestruzes (Struthio camelus) usando marcadores RAPD
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-04-02) FERREIRA, Silvaney Fonseca; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104908318773676
The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability of ostrich populations (Struthio camelus) through RAPD markers (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). 121 samples of individuals were used from Pará, Maranhão, Tocantins and Minas Gerais States. The genomic DNA was extracted from total blood. Fifteen primers were selected among the 60. The products of the PCR were visualized in agarose gel 1.5% and, a binary matrix was generated considering the presence (1) of a amplified fragment and its absence (0). The ideal number of polymorphic bands was estimated through the bootstrap analysis using the GQMOL software. The genetic similarity was estimated through the Jaccard coefficient using the NTSYS-PC (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) software, version 2.02. The origin of the genetic diversity was quantified by the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) using the Arlequin 2,0 software. The 15 primers generated a total of 109 polymorphic bands and the bootstrap analysis showed that at least 100 bands is the ideal number for sampling the genetic diversity, as determined by the high value of correlation (r=0,99), the low value of the squared deviation sum (1,25), and the low stress (0,05). The results suggest that the studied populations are from the same origin. Management measures must be adopted in these breeding, even using other molecular markers in the way to amplify the genetic variability and the conservation of this important genetic resource. RAPD.The bootstrap analysis showed that from 100 bands the work already becomes more trustworthy, a time that the magnitude of the correlation was well next to the maximum value (r=0,99), as also the addition of squares of shunting lines (SQd) reached low value 1,25 and the value of it estresse (e) was of 0,05. In the analysis between pairs of groups, it was verified that the greater and minor similarity are in lathe, respectively, of 0,86 and 0,00. In that it says respect to the distribution of frequency of the similarities gotten between the 5,644 pairs formed in the genetic matrix, it can be verified that 32,69 % of the pairs had been enclosed in the classrooms with similarities varying of 0,01 the 0,10. One notices that the biggest percentage (85,59%) of the pairs was distributed in the three first classrooms of the extremities and that the minority of them (14,41%) presented similarities varying of 0,21 the 1,00. The test of Mantel showed correlation of 0,81 and the dendrograma generated 67 groups delimited for the Sm that was of 0,49. The biggest 0,86 similarity was of and the minor of 0,06. The relative data to the analysis of molecular variance had shown that the percentage of genetic variation between origins was low and significant (24,03%, p < 0,0001), evidencing that great part of the variation meets inside of the populations (75,97 %). markers RAPD they had been efficient in the characterization of the genetic similarity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A comparison of larval, ovitrap and MosquiTRAP surveillance for Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti
(2013-12) RESENDE, Marcelo Carvalho de; SILVA, Ivoneide Maria da; ELLIS, Brett Richard; EIRAS, Álvaro Eduardo
In Brazil, the entomological surveillance of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti is performed by government-mandated larval surveys. In this study, the sensitivities of an adult sticky trap and traditional surveillance methodologies were compared. The study was performed over a 12-week period in a residential neighbourhood of the municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. An ovitrap and a MosquiTRAP were placed at opposite ends of each neighbourhood block (60 traps in total) and inspections were performed weekly. The study revealed significant correlations of moderate strength between the larval survey, ovitrap and MosquiTRAP measurements. A positive relationship was observed between temperature, adult capture measurements and egg collections, whereas precipitation and frequency of rainy days exhibited a negative relationship.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de métodos por CL-EM/Em e ocorrência de antimicrobianos em peixes de aquicultura
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-11-22) GUIDI, Letícia Rocha; GLÓRIA, Maria Beatriz de Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6895373188728113; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2311121099883170
The consumption of fish has increased in recent years in Brazil, especially due to the announcement that their intake can bring numerous health benefits and also due to its high nutritional value (high biological value protein, high content of omega-3 fatty acids). The quality, safety and security of farmed fish for human consumption are therefore a public health issue and must be monitored. In Brazil, there is a lack of information regarding the use of antimicrobials in aquaculture. Although only two antibiotics are allowed for use in aquaculture in Brazil, there is a wide variety of antibiotics that may be used illegally or can reach the fish due to environmental contaminations, mainly of water. The objective of this study was to develop multiresidue methods of analysis of antibiotics in fish muscle and to evaluate the quality of fish from Minas Gerais and Pará with respect to the presence of antibiotic residues. In addition, an extensive literature review was conducted with respect to existing methods of analysis and the occurrence of chloramphenicol (banned antibiotic) and amphenicols in food. A LC-MS/MS screening method was validated for the analysis of 40 antibiotics of six different classes (aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides and tetracyclines) in fish muscle. Only 15% of the samples (n=29) were positive for enrofloxacin. A quantitative LC-MS/MS method of analysis of quinolones and tetracyclines in fish muscle was also optimized and validated. The precision, in terms of the relative standard deviation, was under 20% for all of the compounds, and the recoveries were between 89.3% and 103.7%. CCα varied from 17.87 to 323.20 μg.kg-1 and CCβ varied from 20.75 to 346.40 μg.kg-1. In general, real samples showed good quality relative to the presence of antibiotic residues. All 29 positive samples for enrofloxacin contained levels below the Maximum Residue Limit allowed by Brazilian legislation (100 μg.kg-1).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
In vitro antimalarial activity of six Aspidosperma species from the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil)
(2012-12) DOLABELA, Maria Fâni; OLIVEIRA, Salma Gomes de; PERES, José M.; NASCIMENTO, José M. S.; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; OLIVEIRA, Alaíde Braga de
Ethnomedicinal informations point to some Aspidosperma species (Apocynaceae) as antimalarial plants in Brazil and have motivated the evaluation of six species which were collected in the state of Minas Gerais: A. cylindrocarpon Müll. Arg., A. parvifolium A. DC., A. olivaceum Müll. Arg., A. ramiflorum Müll. Arg., A. spruceanum Benth. ex Müll. Arg. and A. tomentosum Mart.. A total of 23 extracts of different plant parts in different solvents were assayed in vitro against chloroquine-resistant (W2) and chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. All the extracts were shown to be active with IC50 values in the range of 5.0 ± 0 2.8 µg/mL to 65.0 ± 4.2 µg/mL. TLC profile of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids in the six species assayed. These results seem to confirm the popular use of Aspidosperma species to treat human malaria in Brazil and seem point to alkaloids as the putative active compounds of the assayed species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Proveniência e idade do metamorfismo das rochas da Faixa Brasília, na Região de Tapira (SW de Minas Gerais)
(2006-07) SILVA, Carlos Humberto da; SIMÕES, Luiz Sergio Amarante; KRYMSKY, Robert Shamilevich; MACAMBIRA, Moacir José Buenano
The Brasília Fold Thrust Belt at Tapira area (SW of Minas Gerais State, Brazil) has four different litho-tectonic domains imbricated by thrust faults with vergency to the São Francisco Craton. Sm/Nd isotopic studies were undertaken and the results show different model and metamorphic ages for the thrust sheets. Rocks from the lower thrust sheet yield a metamorphic age of 543 Ma while the upper thrust sheet has a metamorphic age of 581 Ma. The TDM model ages are similar for both thrust sheets, between 1.7 and 2.2 Ga. Because of their lithologic characteristics, the thrust sheets are interpreted as having been deposited in a distal continental platform environment, their main source being Paleoproterozoic rocks of the São Francisco Craton. The upper thrust sheet rocks presents a metamorphism age of 612 Ma and a bimodal distribution of TDM model ages between 1.3 and 1.9 - 2.0 Ga, respectively. The lithologic and isotopic characteristics of this thrust sheet the rocks are interpreted as a result of deposition on a continental slope or oceanic floor environment, with mixed contributions from Paleo - and Mesoproterozoic rocks of the São Francisco Craton. In spite of the small number of analyzed samples and the uncertainties inherent to the Sm/Nd method the metamorphisms are not considered to be synchronous in the different thrust sheets. This is to be expected in a thrust belt system, in which the more metamorphosed thrust sheets are juxtaposed to less metamorphosed ones.