Navegando por Assunto "Mito na literatura"

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Das tramas do mito aos (des)caminhos da história: a travessia do herói nas literaturas cervantiana e rosiana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-22) COLLINGE, Márcia Denise da Rocha; JACKSON, Kenneth David; HOLANDA, Sílvio Augusto de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0928175455054278
The present thesis consists of comparative research whose focus is the formation of two heroes in Quixote (1605/1615), by Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616), and Grande sertão: veredas (1956), by Guimarães Rosa (1908-1967), in order to reveal the protagonist Riobaldo as a figure analogous to the “Knight of the Sad Countenance”, by circumventing the tradition of mythical heroism. From the paradigm of the tradition of “La Mancha,” that links the chief Urutú Branco and the Knight of the Lions, resonates echoes of deities; of mythical characters and of conceptual references from classical and medieval sources. I defend the proposition that Quixote recovers mythology that reverberates as an ironic concept and acts as the genesis of the novel whose genre, especially by the recomposition of archaic roots in the creation of a hero, transforms it into a modern myth in two ways: 1) proclamation of ancient wisdom, 2) the justification and rewriting of the cultural history of a nation. Through this, I apply the presuppositions of the literary remythification, proposed by Eleazar Mielietinski (1918-2005), for the elaboration of the everyman hero in the corpora texts. Therefore, I interact with the mythical figure of the hero after the ritual of consecration in the studies of the mythology, aligned with the thought of intellectuals such as Joseph Campbell (1904-1987) and Gustav Jung (1875-1961). From the dialogue proposed between these and other interpreters, I decipher between the various faces of the hero in a historical-artistic investigation, from the myth in its classical form, such as the epic and the tragedy, to its medieval, baroque and romantic developments. In the exegesis of the works, I present the metamorphosis of the literary myth Don Quixote, whose journey leaves an indelible mark on the universal heroic mosaic — the eternal image. The depth of this study reveals how the ingenious knight stands out in the memory of Brazilian literature, ratifying the various manifestations of empowerment of Cervantine themes, especially in the work of Guimarães Rosa, who sees, in Cervantes’ genius, dimensions for a new system of the creation of different types of heroes — madmen in streaks, full of lucid intervals in the deceptive Sertão of Minas Gerais. I exhibit, through the actions of the knight Tatarana, clear and enigmatic trademarks of La Mancha, among which I emphasize: 1) mature birth 2) cycles and saga resulting from the search for adventure 3) the psychological evolution 4) the myth of the duo 5) the admiration of the lady-knight 6) Love as fantasy 7) the ambivalent battles marked by ritual 8) the return of heroes 9) mad narration 10) the disillusion of darkness and light. Through this work, I establish the idea of “Rosian Quixoticism,” an innovative approach to Rosian criticism from a quixotic reading of the novel. It is Riobaldo, heir to the lineage of Achilles, Odysseus, Oedipus, Amadis de Gaula, Palmeirim of England, Don Quixote and Roque Guinart who, in embodying contradictory values mixing chivalrous ideals and problematic conflicts in a world in absentia, establishes the message of the mythical hero, the human being, in the traversal of “the last classic”. Accordingly, I see the expansion of the Rosian critical fortune, as well as the expansion of tradition of La Mancha in Brazil through the “endless aesthetic-receptive adventure” transmuted into the veiling and unveiling of the mythical faces of these heroes, true literary metamorphoses: Don Riobaldo Manchego and the jagunço, Quixote.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mito e epopéia na modernidade: uma leitura de “O Nativo de Câncer”, de Ruy Barata
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-13) CARNEIRO, Tiago da Fonseca; FERNANDES, José Guilherme dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7023812449790431
This thesis analyses O Nativo de Câncer, by Ruy Barata, which was first published as a fragment in 1960. We aim to study the mythological and epic elements present in the composition of the poem O Nativo de Câncer. In the first chapter we will study the myth by presenting the ideas of Mircea Eliade about its the occurrence in the traditional societies through the text Myth and Reality. We will also present Roland Barthes’ thinking in the text Mythologies, which approaches the ways myth occurs in the contemporaneity. Additionally we will draft the concepts about Epic by contextualizing its occurrence in Greece and by indicating its configurations, which will be contextualized posteriorly. In the second chapter we will deal with the narratives of naturalists and studious who traveled to Amazon in the last centuries, so that we comprehend how the foundation myths occur in the region and how Ruy Barata tries to untie them through his modern poetry. In the third chapter we will analyze the two chants of the poem O Nativo de Câncer with aid of Leo Spitzers “Genetic Stylistics”, justifying the use of certain rhetorical figures, so that we present in which moments and ways the poem can be similar to the myth and Epic and how these configurations express the native poets fight for the poetry in the Amazon Literature.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
As mulheres choradeiras: literatura e cinema
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-03-11) VIEIRA, Mônica do Corral; CASTILO, Luís Heleno Montoril del; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3519128535996125
This work aims to understand and study the Amazon culture and also to produce qualified knowledge on Literature and Cinema in the Amazon, as well as its relation to artistic strategies attempting to interpret them. To achieve this objective I use the tale „The keeners', by Fabio Castro, and the homonym short film, by Jorane from Castro, allowing a focused study on a specific material of analysis focused on the customs, beliefs, myth, hybridization and intercultural translations which emerge from this work. The purpose of this research is to study the tale and the short film, emphasizing the difference in distinct used languages and show the “universal reading” that is possible to withdraw from each of these artistic expressions. This research intends to present a “universal reading” from a paraense tale themed on the Amazon reality and emphasize the study of myths and oral traditions which involve the creation and spreading of Fabio Castro‟s tale. The myths and oral traditions allow a (re)construction and development of knowledge that underlie the activity of reading (such as artistic, cultural, social, philosophical and historical knowledge) as well as enrich and (re)assert the Latin American identity. Therefore, this research aims to relate the story of the tale to other readings, such as their approach and similarity to myths, oral traditions and other literature in general. It is understood, therefore, that all these elements constitute a rich literature of great importance to the world, not just to the region where it was produced.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vêm de Belém e vêm da Grécia! Metamorfoses: fronteiras entre narrativas orais e os mitos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-02-25) ALMEIDA, Natasha de Queiroz; SIMÕES, Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Galvão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0672011058049782
According to Jean Chavelier and Alan Gheerbrant, the metamorphoses is defined in this study as the physical and/or behavior transformation of a being to another, without the loss of identity and science of the first one. This transformation is a recursive phenomenon in many mythologies and cultures. This work aims to establish a comparative approach between correlations and differences among the recurrent theme of metamorphosis in Greek myths related by Homero, in his Odyssey, the Greek myths described by the Latin poet PubliusOvidiusNaso, known as Ovídio, in his work Metamorphoses, the first five books, and between the oral narratives that refer cases of metamorphosis occurred in the city of Belém do Pará, scheduled from 1994 to 2004. Odyssey and Metamorfoses were the considered ones because both, respectively, are exponents of western literature from Greece of VIII-VII centuries (b.C.) and the Greece of first century (a.C.) portrayed by the Latin poet Ovid, and they carry the theme of metamorphosis.This is why the previous study ratifies the formation of mythical indexes, not only in the narratives of Greek mythology but also in cases of metamorphoses from Belém. In both narratives is noted the space and temporal configuration as entities that consolidate and organize the mythical world, linking these two dimensions to representations in the physical and spiritual world. However, the metamorphose theme is shaped differently, according to the historical and cultural context of each narrative which is reflected in the variety of symbols and meanings persecuted for each narrative. In order to enrich the study of symbols and historical and geographical context of the Greek myths discussed before, the manuals of Junito Brandão are used as a complementary source, that is, the work Mythology by Junito Brandão, in Volumes I, II and III, as well as the two volumes of the Mythic-Etymological Dictionary of Greek Mythology. For a better comparative analysis, it was necessary to search beyond the study of contextual study of production and representation of the underlying codes in each narrative, in the Ernest Cassirer words, the myth is tried in consciousness, but is above it. The man lives the myth, so the myth comes before the man, since he realizes the conscience of his existence and the relations that weaves with the world. The man relies on the myth to establish relations of value and meaning, as well as representations to individualize his experiences. So, it is about a philosophical question of vital importance, that’s why to this literary, narrative and logical study was sought the fundamentals of the philosophy of mythology along with considerations of a cultural anthropology, connected to the contextual and historical survey of the cosmos that forms each narrative, in order to launch clarifier bases about the man relations with his world as from certain transformations. So, with this prior research on the narratives that will be analyzed, it was noticed that the metamorphoses had higher occurrences when: 1) Symbolized evil in the figure of metamorphosed ones; 2) Had motivations of sexual nature and 3) consisted in explanations for events in the physical and spiritual world. It’s about a methodological division that aims to enable the organization and visualization of the compared study. The conclusion, then, is that besides of enable the reading and the knowledge of Greek myths and the reports of Amazon by the symbols constituted in mythical consciousness, this study can serve as a basis for verification of literary exercise of creative language through the action of narrate, as well as magnify the understanding of what is and what makes human consciousness as support for the spread of behaviors and beliefs shared by the individual in society.