Navegando por Assunto "Moradia"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ambiente de moradia e controle primário em idosos
(2008) KHOURY, Hilma Tereza Tôrres; GÜNTHER, Isolda de Araújo
The relation between home environment and two modalities of perceived control: primary control (PC) and secondary control (SC), was investigated. PC and SC refer to efforts exerted to: a) adapt the environment to the residents' needs and attainment of goals; b) adapt to the environment. The non-probabilistic quota sample was composed of 315 residents in Brasília-DF, Brazil, (105 male; 210 female), between 60 and 92 years old. Data were collected through interviews at the respondents' households. Results indicated: 1) Inverse correlation between PC and social density of the home environment - DESAM (r = -0.119; p ≤ 0.05); 2) Perceived control was significantly higher among elderly who had their own bedroom (t = 2.21; df = 313; p ≤ 0.05) compared to those who did not have an exclusive bedroom. The results suggest that low DESAM favors PC in this stage of life, when many activities are performed at home, and freedom of action and privacy are very important needs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A atuação do Ministério Público diante do conflito entre o direito à moradia e o direito ao meio ambiente, nas áreas de Preservação Permanente Urbanas em Cáceres-MT
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06-17) SALDANHA, Evely Bocardi de Miranda; DIAS, Daniella Maria dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1345611606547188
The present paper analyses the proceedings of the Public Prosecutor's Office towards the conflict between the right to housing and the right to an ecologically balanced environment in the case of the occupation of the Empa neighborhood, in the city of Cáceres in Mato Grosso, an urban area of permanent preservation. Due to the housing deficit and the shortage of urban planning, the low-income population is forced to irregularly occupy peripheral locations of minor importance and of less value in the city, areas of risk or of environmental preservation, where they live and survive without basic conditions of sanitation or infrastructure. Consequently it is necessary that Public Authorities develop policies of urban development to facilitate access to decent and adequate housing, in a balanced and preserved urban environment for present and future generations, ensuring the full development of the social functions of the city, the well-being and healthy quality of life of its inhabitants, since the right to housing and to an ecologically balanced environment are inherent and essential to every human being in order to ensure an adequate standard of living. For such, the Public Prosecutor's Office is a key character in the supervision and implementation of public policies that guarantee the rights to the city to its inhabitants. Therefore, it’s a case study of the occupation process, municipal urbanization, particularly in the Empa neighborhood and the challenges faced in order to achieve the right to the city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desigualdade socioespacial e produção da moradia: uma análise a partir da cidade de Tucuruí, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-10-18) SALGADO, Valeria Suanne Pereira; RODRIGUES, Jovenildo Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028575905648156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-1168
In 2020, the discussion about housing and the housing rights gains strength in the context of the global pandemic given the needs of social isolation, which affects different social groups across the globe in many ways, highlighting socio-spatial inequalities that permeate society, based on the capitalist production mode translating into housing access inequalities. At the regional level, it is worth to note that urban space and the cities in the Amazon, while in 21st century, have been undergoing deep transformations associated with determinations inherent to the capital propagation in the urban-regional space, the advancement of new economic agents, the extensive territory urbanization permeated by elements that have contributed to the production of socio-spatial inequalities. Amidst the interpretation of these processes it is essential to consider the participation of the State in the ‘territory urbanization’ production and its influence on the constitution of the current Amazon urban network. On a local scale, the Tucuruí city stands out, which underwent a high demographic growth from the period of construction of the UHT and presents itself as a fertile soil for study, taking into account the particularities and diversities of the Brazilian and Amazonian urban space. Thus, this research is based on the premise that the housing production within the urban space scope constitutes a focus and indicator to capture the dynamics, shapes and processes of Socio-spatial Inequalities. In this regard, this dissertation aims to show how the issue of housing and housing rights are spatialized in the Tucuruí city, especially in the period from 2000 to 2020. And referring to the aforementioned period, it is necessary to highlight that this is constituted a 'clipping' and as such is part of a historical-geographic 'whole', which cannot be studied in an isolated and stagnated manner. The cut helps in the development of the research and the formulation of its problems, in order to enable a clearer focus on the processes to be unveiled, taking as quidelines the historical and dialectical materialism and its perspective on reality. The pandemic scenario made field research impracticable, so the search for primary data was carried out through semi-structured interviews, remote application of questionnaires, both over the phone and through instant messaging platforms and e-mai along with the use of tools such as Google Earth Pro, ArcGis 10.1, QGIS. 2.18.20 for the elaboration of cartographic products and treatment of the collected data, in order to demonstrate the materiality of the distribution and accessibility of goods and services to capture the conditions of spatial injustice, as well as the Sociospatial Inequalities present in the current Tucuruí urban space.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Financeirização habitacional e fragmentação socioespacial: uma análise a partir da cidade de Ananindeua/Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-28) DIAS, Izabel Nahum; RODRIGUES, Jovenildo Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028575905648156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-1168
The financialization process driven by globalization causes spatial and social changes on different scales. In the city of Ananindeua, located in the metropolitan region of Belém do Pará, the consumption of financialized housing is driven by the metropolitan dynamics in which the city is inserted, contributing to the fragmented production of space. Thus, this research aims to analyze how the financialization of housing contributes to socio-spatial fragmentation through the production of housing spaces in the city of Ananindeua/PA since the year 2000. The methodological procedures adopted consist mainly of bibliographic and documentary analysis through books, articles and documents related to the topic of the debate, data collection from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Brazilian Association of Real Estate Credit and Savings Entities (Abecip), the Construction Industry Union of the State of Pará (Sinduscon/PA), in addition to fieldwork and semi-structured interviews. The idea/thesis is defended that the insertion of new real estate businesses inherent to the financialization of housing space, the advancement of new economic agents of local, regional, national and international capital, as well as the structuring actions of public power (Large urban projects), associated with the processes of urbanization and metropolization of space, have contributed to the urban recomposition with the formation of urban (poly)centralities, constituting and contributing to the socio-spatial fragmentation, expressed from the spaces of habitation and consumption of urban space in Ananindeua at the beginning of the 21st century. The results indicate that there are axes of expansion of enterprises in the city that are consolidated based on different spatial practices, as well as on urban polycentralities, on the availability of locational convenience factors, and on land reserves that await valorization processes. Furthermore, changes occur in the spatial patterns that made up the center/periphery model, with a tendency towards a predominance of the logic of fragmentation of space where different social classes coexist, but remain distanced by elements intrinsic to real estate dynamics, making it necessary to understand the advancement of the processes of financialization and fragmentation in the face of the socio-spatial differentiations and inequalities inherent to Amazonian cities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Grandes projetos urbanos, segregação social e condições da moradia em Belém e Manaus
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06-27) CRUZ, Sandra Helena Ribeiro; SÁ, Maria Elvira Rocha de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9993934259448457; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The central object of the research that led to this thesis was to analyze the segregation effects that cause large urban projects on the living conditions in Amazonian cities of Belém and Manaus. Adopt the projections theoretical interpret urban dynamics as a product of capital accumulation and generates social apartheid, a perspective that allow compare of urban interventions in these two cities. In each of these cities large urban projects are being implemented. For purposes of this study the experiences of the Portal Project Amazon, in Belém city, Pará state, and Environmental Sanitation Program Streams of Manaus (PROSAMIM), in Manaus city, Amazonas state, were analyzed as the experiences of large urban projects in the Amazon Region. The theoretical and methodological had the contribution of the theories produced by the French Sociological School of reflections Anglo-Saxon and Brazil, allowing the construction of critical thinking about the logic that permeates the major urban projects in cities of the Amazon Region. To this chosen operating procedure of the type-quality quantitative, in primary and secondary data the main sources of information, materialized by historical documents, official statistics, direct observation and interviews with leaders of the movement in defense of the housing and urban reform, residents of areas affected directly and indirectly by the programs under study and agents of public bodies. The main results are that in Amazonian cities the process of urbanization has been occurring since the late nineteenth century with the advent of the economy gomífera, intensifying from the military coup of 1964 when they were strengthened processes of exploitation of natural resources and population density with consequent changes in physical-territorial Belem and Manaus cities. In recent years, the two cities are following the trend of globalization of capital, by adopting the large urban projects as the main strategy of urban renewal, with technical and financial support of the Interamerican Development Bank (IDB). Finally, these results showed segregation effects determined by the implementation of major urban projects, since the actions of compulsory displacement negatively impacted the living conditions and work of significant fractions of the working classes, making the law inaccessible to the City, both in Belém and Manaus.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Índice de vulnerabilidade socioambiental à Amazônia: estudo da gleba "C" da Universidade Federal do Pará, no município de Belém.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-01-23) SOUSA, Maria Carolina Chaves de; TOLEDO, Peter Mann de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3990234183124986
The primary objective of this study was to analyze the influence, in the degree of social and environmental vulnerability, of the work of recognition of the real right of use with the Concession of Special Use for Housing Purposes – CUEM, in Portuguese, to the residents of Part C of the Federal University of Pará - UFPA, in Belém. This case study is related to the history of the occupation of the area of the city of Belém. At the beginning of the 20th century, urbanization and occupation of privileged spaces to the detriment of "lowland" spaces and near the floodplain. The "lowlands" were occupied by a population, mostly with socioeconomic deficiencies, forming sets of dwellings in private and public real estate, specifically, in this study, the area where the UFPA is situated today, and that is susceptible to floods and floods. To bring the rights of these occupants to justice a regularization work was carried out by UFPA, together with public entities of the state and the Union, to deliver CUEMs to beneficiaries who fulfilled the requirements of MP 2220 / 2001. Using indicators and indexes related to social, economic, legal and environmental issues (Urban Infrastructure, Human Capital, Income and Labor, Legal and Health and Environment), based on secondary data, the Socioenvironmental Vulnerability Index of the resident population in Gleba C was calculated in the years 2000 and 2010. The results show that the degree of socioenvironmental vulnerability is high both in the year 2000 (0.595) and in 2010 (0.514). In conclusion, the regularization effort carried out did not influence the reduction of the degree of vulnerability socioenvironmental of the residents and stand out solely as a patrimonial adjustment, transferring formal responsibilities of land use to the beneficiary residents and recognition of the right of this title by force of law.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
"Mais que um teto e 4 paredes": a medida protetiva de afastamento do agressor do lar e a segurança na posse das mulheres em terrenos de marinha em Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-04) SOARES, Celyne da Fonseca; SOUZA, Luanna Tomaz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5883415348673630; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8385-8859; FISCHER, Luly Rodrigues da Cunha; CARDOSO, Franciele Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5038078976448551; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3906911979682226; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1662-8703; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9094-6008
This dissertation seeks to analyze whether protective measures to remove the aggressor from the home can ensure some of the dimensions of women's housing security in neighborhoods with a predominance of marine land and more in the city of Belém-Pará. The theme is relevant because it allows the observation of domestic violence located in the physical element of the threat of loss of property/possession (patrimonial) and how these relationships enable a certain level or reach of a certain dimension of security in housing ownership for women. The hypothesis argued was that the protective measure of removing the aggressor from the home, provided for in the Maria da Penha Law, can ensure one or more dimensions of security in housing ownership for women in situations of domestic and family violence. To this end, the process of land seizure in Brazilian space was presented, as well as the so-called marine land areas and their additions that emerged somewhat concomitantly, starting from a national vision to the local one (Belém-Pará). The struggle of women for housing was demonstrated and how it is historical, understanding the (poor) distribution of land under a gender bias so that it can be understood why the majority of women, especially black and poor women, currently live in spaces known as favelas. Finally, the Maria da Penha Law and its innovation in the protective measure of removing the aggressor from the home and how it impacts on forms of manifestation in urban space, especially housing, was highlighted. The methodology used was bibliographic and documentary research, with a quali-quanti approach and a hypothetical-deductive method, carrying out a triangulation of methods with an integrative literature review and measurement with data collected at the State Coordination of Women in Situations of Domestic and Family Violence and Company of Development of the Metropolitan area and 2nd Court of the Domestic and Family Violence Court of Belém. There is an integrative systematic bibliographical review between the theme of security in possession of housing and the protective measure of removing the aggressor from the home provided for in the Maria da Lei Penha, demonstrating existing work and how the present discussion has been carried out in Brazilian scientific research and whether there is an intersection between these two thematic strands. And, finally, from these first two approaches, empirical data is intertwined with theory. And in the meantime, the positive validation of the hypothesis was obtained as a core response to the research problem. In the end, we can see the importance of studies that articulate the protective measure of removing the aggressor from the home with instruments of security in possession to protect the right to housing for women in situations of domestic and family violence, especially in the areas of marine land or added to the city of Belém-PA. Housing is a portal that transcends the mere physical structure of architectural and urban construction, also explaining protection against the different types of violence provided for in the Maria da Penha Law.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Metropolização e vulnerabilidade socioespacial: dinâmicas territoriais e luta pela moradia na porção sul de Ananindeua-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-29) SILVA, Gilmara Oliveira da; RODRIGUES, Jovenildo Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028575905648156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-1168
The urbanization process has been present since ancient times, intensifying with the industrialization process in the 18th century and in Brazil from the mid-19th century on. In the Amazônia this process occurred from the 1960s with transformations that deeply impacted its territories. Contemporarily, with the process of metropolization, beyond a phase of urban development, these territories are increasingly affected by the interests of capital, especially with regard to production and housing conditions, where part of the population lives in degrading conditions and in constant socio-spatial vulnerability, as occurs in the municipality of Ananindeua-PA, a city that makes up the metropolitan region of Belém-PA and that is affected by it in all its structural changes. In this sense, we present the following central problem: How the process of metropolization, such as the actions of the State (land title regularization and the implementation project of the Liberdade Highway) in addition to the expansion of the land market in the metropolitan space of Belém has been interfering in the conditions of socio-spatial vulnerability (infrastructure and housing) of the southern portion of Ananindeua territory between the years 2020 and 2022. The main objective of this work is to analyze how the metropolization process, the actions of the State (land title regularization and the implementation project of the Liberdade Highway) and the expansion of the land market in the metropolitan space of Belém have been interfering in the conditions of socio-spatial vulnerability (infrastructure and housing) of the southern portion of Ananindeua's territory between the years 2020 and 2022. In the present work we will use the historical and dialectical materialism method, because it focuses on the materiality of the history of men in society. The research is quantitative and qualitative, where the first makes a quantification of the data on the growth of the population of the municipality, especially of its southern portion, and the second, makes a survey of qualitative data, which obtains the description about the neighborhoods of the southern portion of Ananindeua and its urban growth over conservation units and territories of traditional Amazonian communities. The analysis is inter-scalar that considers the time and space of urban relations. It counts on a systematic observation of the study area and the application of questionnaires, in addition to the cartographic production showing the advance of urbanization in the southern part of Ananindeua. This work is justified from a theoretical and methodological point of view by the need to understand the new territorial dynamics, in the conditions of infrastructure and housing, from the metropolitan expansion present in the southern portion of Ananindeua. From a theoretical and practical point of view, this work has the relevance of contributing to subsidize public actions and the construction of the right to territory. The present work showed us that the housing conditions in the southern part of Ananindeua are the result of the unequal process of metropolization where some parts of the population live with a good infrastructure in detriment of the majority of the population who live without the minimum conditions of basic sanitation. Added to this, the work showed us that the southern population of Ananindeu has the constant territorial conflicts of traditional communities that are there in the face of urban expansion.