Navegando por Assunto "Neokantismo"

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A ciência do direito como uma ciência humana: estudo sobre os fundamentos filosóficos e jurídicos do processo de autonomização epistemológica da Ciência do Direito de Hans Kelsen
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-05-29) MARTINS, Ricardo Evandro Santos; COSTA, Paulo Sérgio Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4135075517359609
The paper explains the philosophical foundations of the process of autonomization of the Hans Kelsen‟s Legal Science. The studies are focused on the debate about the epistemological foundation of the Human Sciences and how this influenced the Pure Theory of Law. The objectives are: a) investigate how the nineteenth-century debate about the epistemological foundation of the Human Sciences influenced the formulation of the kelsenian Legal Science; b) to study what are the legal and philosophical assumptions of the Kelsen‟s Pure Doctrine of Law c) to know what would have been the contributions of the Master of Vienna in this quest for reasons for give autonomy to Legal Science from Natural Sciences. Thus, the first Chapter discusses the Philosophical Positivism of August Comte and John Stuart Mill. The second Chapter introduces the movement of Neo-kantianism since Adolf Trendelenburg until the Marburg School. The third Chapter wants to know about the Philosophy of Wilhelm Dilthey and how He tried to make a "Critique of Historical Reason", as well as reasons for the Human Science comprehensive method. The fourth Chapter talks about the Neo-kantianism of the School of Baden, especially the Heinrich Rickert‟s Philosophy, explaining mainly the Principle of the worlds and The Principle for the concept-formation. The fifth Chapter deals with the formation of the tradition of legal positivism of the nineteenth century, especially the Germanic world. And finally, the sixth and last Chapter deals with the refutation by Kelsen to the Thesis of Gerber, Laband and Jellinek, and also, this finally chapter talks about the "the two methodological limits" of his Pure Doctrine of Law that, in the end, it can respond: yes, Kelsen did the Science of Law as Human Science, but not the same way as Rickert and other philosophers who discussed this topic since the nineteenth century. Kelsen was defending the idea of a Normative and Autonomous Legal Science that presupposes the postulate of axiological Relativism.
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A leitura epistemologica popperiana da filosofia teórica kantiana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-08-21) GOMES, Paulo Uiris da Silva; DIAS, Elizabeth de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9610357600630781; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0951-6313
This research aims to analyze Karl Popper’s interpretation of Kant’s theoretical philosophy and to discuss its character, problems and merits. Popper’s view on Kant reflects the latter’s relevance and influence over the former’s thoughts. Popper acknowledges, in many of his works, Kant’s contribution to his own theory of Science. However, at the same time that he praises kantian philosophy, he also criticizes it in many ways, considering himself as an unorthodox kantian. Therefore, the central problem of the presente research is: how does Popper understands Kant’s theoretical philosophy? And, furthermore, what are the virtues, difficulties and problems of Popper’s interpretation? Our hypothesis is that Popper reads Kant’s philosophy in an epistemological and unorthodox manner, ascribing to Kant problems of his own philosophy and viewing Kant’s work through the lens of his own glasses, thus, “Popper’s Kant” has different ideas and problems than the Kant who wrote the Critique of Pure Reason. Initially, we intend to characterize Popper’s interpretation of Kant as epistemological and, hence, close to the Neo-Kantian school of Marburg. Then, we aim to analytically reconstruct Popper’s interpretation of the allegedly “Kant’s problems”: the problem of induction and the problem of demarcation. Lastly, we mean to critically appraise Popper’s view on Kant, by discussing its limitations and possibilities.