Navegando por Assunto "Neoliberalismo"

Agora exibindo 1 - 14 de 14

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Argentina’s quarter century experiment with neoliberalism: from dictatorship to depression
(2007-04) COONEY, Paul John
Argentina set a new historical mark in 2002, having experienced the largest debt default by any country ever. In order to understand how Argentina could go from one of the most developed countries of the Third World, to experiencing the crisis of 2001 and then enter a depression in 2002 with over half the population living in poverty, requires an evaluation of the last quarter century of economic policies in Argentina. The shift toward neoliberalism began during the dictatorship of 1976, deepened during the Menem administration, and was supported throughout by the IMF. This paper aims to identify why the crisis occurred when it did, but also to understand how the underlying shifts in the political economy of Argentina over more than two decades led to two waves of deindustrialization, an explosion of foreign debt and such a marked decline in the standard of living for the majority of Argentinians.
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Os Direitos humanos entre polícia e política
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03) DELUCHEY, Jean-François Yves
Based on analysis of the 1948 UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and on the differentiation between the concepts of police and politics by the French philosopher Jacques Rancière, The author identifies that there is currently a police approach (or governmental) of human rights. The author criticizes the scam of this approach and recommends a repolitization of the human rights matters in order to seek the renewal of their universal dimension.
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Dispositivo drogas e governamentalidade neoliberal: funções estratégicas para o exercício do poder sobre os corpos e a população
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-03-14) LIMA FILHO, Eduardo Neves; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-1910; GOMES, Marcus Alan de Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0371519214729478
The present study is developed with the objective of analyzing the strategic role of the drug device in neoliberal governmentality evidenced in Brazil and its strategic function for the exercise of power over bodies, over the population and the exercise of the power of death. In order to do so, itstarts from the theoretical-methodological tools developed by Michel Foucault, especially his analysis of power, including his studies on discourses, and his research on neoliberal governmentality. Thus, the work starts from the idea that it is possible to make use of Michel Foucault's research on power and knowledge, as well as his studies on neoliberal governmentality to understand the dynamics of the fight against drugs in the neoliberal context and its role in the exercise of referred to dynamics of exercising power. Based on the Foucauldian approach, the research problem corresponds to asking to what extent the drug device is managed in the neoliberal context from its usefulness to satisfy certain needs of groups that hold capital, enabling the control of bodies, the population and the exercise of the power of death. To answer the question, the work begins with a critical description of the methodological instruments developed by Michel Foucault, especially in his studies on knowledge and his analysis of power, which are fundamental for thinking about policies to combat drugs from the relations of power and forms of resistance in the neoliberal context. Then, it analyzes neoliberalism and its relations with biopower, emphasizing that Foucault does not reduce his analysis of neoliberalism to an exclusively economic issue and that is what is specific and singular in his position. It also deals with the anti-drug policy, starting with an analysis of drugs as a device in the Foucauldian sense. Then, a genealogical analysis of drug prohibitionism is carried out, without the intention of carrying out an approach that universalizes the issue. The analysis takes place through a cut aimed at understanding the current policy of drug repression in Brazil - without ignoring the strong international influences - from the ruptures that have occurred over the years and the conjunctural changes in the relations of power and resistance, especially since the rise and consolidation of neoliberalism. Finally, the strategic role of the war on drugs policy in neoliberal governmentality is demonstrated, especially in Brazil, concluding that the drug device is able to enable and justify the exercise of disciplinary power, biopolitics and sovereign power, especially over certain vulnerable groups because of its economic condition constantly worsened and precarious by neoliberal policies, as well as it is demonstrated that the changes, triggered in the neoliberal context, regarding the exercise of State racism and its intimate relationship with drug policy, which makes it possible to exercise the power of death on those groups.
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Dos décadas de Neoliberalismo en México: resultados y retos
(2008-12) COONEY, Paul John
This paper evaluates Mexico’s shift toward neoliberalism after considering its experience with import-substitution industrialization (ISI), including the liberalization of trade and finance and privatizations. The next section assesses NAFTA and the growing integration of Mexico’s economy with the US, and the particular role of the maquiladora industry in the context of Mexico’s development strategy. The next section presents the results of two decades of neoliberal policies in Mexico, considering the impact on workers, the environment and the Mexican population overall, with particular emphasis on the peso crisis of 1994-95. The main results for the neoliberal period are the following: GNP growth rates are roughly half of the level for the ISI period; real manufacturing wages in 2004 are only 70% of their level in 1980; and unemployment and poverty clearly increased. Finally, the attempts to challenge the specific neoliberal model that Mexico has been pursuing are presented and discussed.
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Ética do diálogo e o princípio político do comum
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-16) BRITO, Suellen Lima de; SANTIAGO, Maria Betânia do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2640094533229805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8822-1806; VERBICARO, Loiane Prado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4100200759767576; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3259-9906
This study aims to analyze the dialogical ethics proposed by the Jewish philosopher Martin Buber (1923) and the political principle of the common, formulated by the authors Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval (2017) as an alternative to understanding the problem of relationships in contemporary neoliberal society. Buber, in his main work entitled I and Thou (1923), presents the two words-principles that underlie our existence and are inherent to the human condition, namely: the I-Thou and the I-It. The first presents itself as a dialogic relationship, an encounter between two beings mutually in an ontological character, and the second as a monogical relationship, based on experiences, use, and the use of individuals as mere objects, with an objectifying character. In this way, if the world of It predominates and guides the ways in which men relate to each other, this would lead them to perdition, as such men would be lost within themselves, that is, drastically disconnecting them from interhuman relationships in the circle of dialogic coexistence, causing a profound loss of the feeling of community, solidarity, with commodified and impersonal relationships. Considering this scenario, the political principle of the common appears as an alternative to the neoliberal system of control, as it is a political principle whose rationality is collective, anti-capitalist, and a common social sphere belonging to all, where there is no mischaracterization of the humanity of men. In this sense, the political principle of the common joins the Buberian in facing the challenges that are configured with the neoliberal system. From this diagnosis, our objective is to elucidate the need to rescue the dialogicity of relationships in contemporary times, seeking possible paths for a healthy and humanized society, proposing as an alternative the inspiration on the ethics of dialogue formulated by Martin Buber together with the political principle of the common, formulated by the authors Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval, as a new worldwide anti-capitalist rationality where the social imaginary is a reality of collective practices, opposing, therefore, the neoliberal rationality that maintains its system at the expense of a decharacterized experience in the name of the success of the capital, where it explores, instigates and legitimizes a feeling of competition to the detriment of solidarity and companionship, deepening the contemporary individualism. This study involves relating authors belonging to different philosophical traditions through exploratory, philosophical, and bibliographic analyzes to demonstrate that, unlike neoliberalism, the dialogical ethics and the political principle of the common aspire to a healthy and dialogic experience.
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Gênese, lugar e perspectivas da vigilância socioassistencial: estudos no campo da política de assistência social nos municípios de Belém e Ananindeua
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-20) TORRES, Amiraldo Lima; PONTES, Reinaldo Nobre; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8577276734482884
This study aims at seeking the determinants of the emergence of the place of Social Assistance Surveillance in terms of National Social Assistance Policy and the municipalities of Belém and Ananindeua. The work uses the critical dialectic method, with methodology based on bibliographical research, documentary and on the field. In the textual body makes a small search on Social Policy and Social Service then, treat the Surveillance of social assistance and their inspirations, interpretations and role in Social Assistance. The research makes the analysis of national conferences, registration and municipal Social assistance system. Following, the speech of actors, social control management and contributions from Federal and State Government agents, aim to analyze the understanding and structuring of Surveillance of Social Assistance, in addition to the perception of the concepts of vulnerability, risk and territory. The search displays the principle of determinants, tensioned by focusing discussions of the Social State and law. In Genesis, we draw a timeline, with determinations of health, assistance and the World Bank. Regarding the place given to Social Assistance Surveillance seats on provided management function and not as a function of Social Assistance, occupying the place of action means and not an end as well, there is no standardization of composition of the teams according to size of municipality and tending to be operationalized by teams not too wide or double and/or just a technician in most municipalities. The work also concluded that Social Assistance Surveillance if structure with thin participation of municipal managers and social control, represents a limit to a conception of Social Function and locus of information organization on the territorial reality and the cities.
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Governamentalidades neoliberais e dispositivos de segurança
(2015-08) LEMOS, Flávia Cristina Silveira; BICALHO, Pedro Paulo Gastalho de; ALVAREZ, Marcos César; BRÍCIO, Vilma Nonato de
This article aims at a theoretical debate through the analysis of Michel Foucault and Robert Castel, among others, about the security mechanisms and strategies of neoliberal governmentality in contemporary society. Foucault's courses In defense of society, Security, territory and population and The Birth of Biopolitics have opened a relevant discussion about the racism of state and society, its paradoxes in democracies, and effects on the emergence of North America and Germany's neoliberalism after World War II, which was broadcast to other countries, especially in the nineties of the twentieth century, with each country's specificities, but with connection points that allow us to draw a diagram of how society security operates for the conduct of government tactics, also called governmentality by Foucault.
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Os Impactos do neoliberalismo sobre as estratégias e ações das ONGS fase e SDHH: limites e desafios
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-25) MORAES, Maura Rejane Lameira de; SANTANA, Joana Valente; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1192736573759096
This paper aims to identify if the non-governmental organizations Organ Federation for Social and Educational Assistance and Pará Society of Human Rights Defense, characterized by political resistance in the 1970s, changed their strategies and actions with the face of the new configurations of capital, particularly the neoliberal logic implemented in Brazil in the 1990s. The specific objectives aims to characterize the historical road of these NGOs, rebuilding their position in a relation to different contexts of state expression and economic, political and social scenarios in Brazil during the period investigated; and to examine in what extent the answers and policy positions taken by these NGOs in different historical contexts contributed to the democratization of Brazilian local society. The methodological approach considered the qualitative methodology as the main basis of analyses, in addition documental and literature research, field research, and application of semi-structured interviews with the coaches, former coaches, managers and former managers of two entities surveyed. The results of research indicate that there were changes in the strategies and actions of NGOs studied, caused by the entry of Brazil in the circuit of capital reproduction, guided by the globalization of economy and neoliberal policies. However, despite the intensity of these processes, these changes coexists with a social and political practice that points to process of resistance.
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Michel Foucault articula os conceitos de governo econômico de população e biopolítica liberal e neoliberal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-31) COSTA, Héden Salomão Silva; SOUZA JÚNIOR, Nelson José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7150345624593204
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pandemia viral e pandemia econômica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020) FENZL, Norbert
The article deals with an analysis of the socio-economic and political context of the Cornoa-19 pandemic, based on the globalized neoliberal delusion, which destroys the resilience of countries in facing epidemics or pandemics like the one we are facing now. The dismantling of public health, unemployment, malnutrition and hunger not only weakens the individual's immune system, but also what we can call the immune system society. Therefore, there is no point in treating the pandemic as a simple public health issue and waiting for the vaccine as the savior of the country. Without a systemic approach, realizing the true complexity of the subject that is much broader than the virological issue, we will not be able to draw any sustainable lessons from this pandemic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Poder punitivo midiático: reflexos da governamentalidade neoliberal na sociedade espetacularizada da indústria penal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) CABRAL, Quésia Pereira; GOMES, Marcus Alan de Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0371519214729478
Neoliberalism associated with concepts that come from the cultural industry and society of entertainment seems to have ideologically transformed the media into an agency of the penal system. On the other hand, the agencies of social communication that intertwined with the logic of the market began to foster a repressive discourse of criminal violence lead to the metamorphosis of information into news-merchandise and spread the culture of exaltation of the penal system. Therefore, news about crime also impacts the status of merchandise to be sold by the entertainment industry. For the sale of the news to reach satisfactory levels, it is important that the news be explored both in imagery and spectacularized ways. The media, as a set of communication means that aims at mass production ceases to have simple communicative function and begins to manipulate the manner of punishment, as well as to exercise the punitive power that, in essence, is controlled by the state. In this context, television stands as the communication tool most prevalent in Brazilian homes. This presence promotes the idea of criminalization of poverty itself and spreads the practice of violence. Given this situation, media agencies exert repressive power through the enemies that are to be fought. Such enemies are akin to criminal demons and are treated as monsters in a paradoxical dyad: they are considered to be unworthy of human conviviality but, at the same time, are considered necessary for the entertainment of society. The case of the Bandeirantes TV’s cameraman illustrates some aspects of this reality. The analysis of the problem presented was carried out mainly on the basis of theoretical contributions from Michael Foucault, Adorno and Horkheimer, Guy Debord and Zaffaroni.
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A proteção da educação no direito internacional dos direitos humanos e a prestação privada deste direito: possibilidades de uma adequação dos vouchers educacionais aos standards de direitos humanos?
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-26) PEREIRA, Bianca Araujo de Oliveira; SILVA, Maria Stela Campos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6127087703635751
The present work discusses the possibility of reconciling educational vouchers – a model of educational services provided by the economist Milton Friedman - with the standards for the right to education, based on the special reports on the right to education, made by former rapporteur Kinshore Sing. To analyze this possibility, it is first approached the origin of the United Nations and its relationship with the promotion of the access to education. Next, the strands of liberal thought are discussed, followed by the dialogue between the critics of philosophical liberalism; there is also the approach of Public Choice Theory, New Public Management and its critics. The work also uses the empirical approach, based on a review of the existing literature, in order to elucidate the positives and negatives effects on the use of educational vouchers, in order to be able to answer the proposed research question.
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A trajetória histórica da ideologia neoliberal e suas implicações nas políticas públicas educacionais do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06) LIMA, Virna Lumara Souza
Faced with the emergence of a new way of managing a Brazilian public administration, derived from the precepts that govern a private initiative, issue speech rests an idea of the search for quality our services and efficiency no use of financial resources, it is possible to perceive that the State Suffered a Reconfiguration, bringing consequences in the so-called social policies. It is therefore possible from a Member State of Social Welfare to the neoliberal State. In educational policies, in particular, the Minimum State, proposed by neoliberalism, and the managerial perspective in public administration have brought different implications that can be better constructed when assessing how these propositions entered the Brazilian context. This article aims to develop a platform through prerequisites and presentations in Brazil, culminating in the change of the State's behavior towards public educational policies, in addition to bringing to reflection as the main implications in Brazilian education
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Vulnerabilidade, luto e interdependência: reflexões críticas ao individualismo neoliberal a partir de Judith Butler
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-10-23) LOBATO, Lílian Gabriela Rodrigues; AGGIO, Juliana Ortegosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5290499042057589; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6283-4797; VERBICARO, Loiane Prado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4100200759767576; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3259-9906
The present dissertation proposes to investigate the critique of the neoliberal morality of self-responsibilization formulated by the American philosopher Judith Butler based on the concept of primordial vulnerability — a dimension of our existence transpassed by ambivalences with strong exploratory potential, which nevertheless substantiate the conditions of possibility for our physical, psychic and social survival. To achieve this objective, our footsteps are articulated around two main discussions, namely: 1) the relationship between the neoliberal ideal of self-sufficiency with the political inducement of precariousness and unequal distribution of public mourning and 2) the ethical-political potential of public mourning to protect the links of interdependence, weakened by the neoliberal morality. At the first moment, we exhibit how neoliberalism is a rationality that shapes the State, society, and our own subjectivity per the market imperative, emptying the state of social welfare and the feeling of collective solidarity, deepening even the vulnerability of historically subaltern subjects through precarization policies that attribute a differentiated valuation to life resulting in a selective commotion in the face of death. At this point, we elucidate how mourning operates as a descriptor of the intelligibility of life, subverting the commonly held understanding that the value of life perdures since birth. At the second moment, we exhibit how the experience of loss awakens us to the opacity and dispossession, inherent to our constitutive relationality, disrupting the fantasy of the autonomous subject that holds full control over himself. In the face of the recrudescence of neoliberal agendas experienced in Western democracies, we aim to reflect on the limits and possibilities of Butler's proposition for an ethics of vulnerability intended to protect the links of interdependence. Hopefully, this research can collaborate with the construction of narratives that broaden our imaginative capacity in contrast to neoliberal nihilism.