Navegando por Assunto "Neoplasias"

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Análise do comportamento de crianças seus acompanhantes e auxiliares de enfermagem durante a punção venosa em sessão de quimioterapia ambulatorial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-03-29) LEMOS, Isabela Porpino; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600933695027723
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Capacitação de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde para a prevenção e controle do câncer
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-05-08) BRITO, Leidiane Mendes; ASSUMPÇÃO, Paulo Pimentel de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7323606327039876
The present study has as main topic of discussion the Community Health Agent as essential actor for prevention and control of cancer, along with the staff of FHS. We focus our attention here specifically, through the eyes of the CHW, the risks and to facilitate the development of cancer attitudes, as well as alarm signals. We had as guiding to this research the following question: the Community Health Workers, after receiving proper training, attain sufficient skills to work in cancer control, through actions of risk identification and health education? So if systematized the main objective, which was to develop a model of intervention that contribute to cancer control in primary care, with the CHW as the primary mediator. This is an intervention research, cross-sectional qualitative approach, having as object of study, the work of CHW as an instrument of the ESF for cancer control. A sample of five CHW's was selected as the main participants and eight families as secondary participants. For production data, a field research was used, which included the observational method. This production was divided into two stages: a study of effectiveness and efficiency study. Regarding data analysis, we had two periods of interpretation seeking to organize our discussion into two interpretive matrices: considerations of the activities and the corollary of the actions, each with their respective categories and themes. This analysis relied on the theoretical and methodological support of thematic content analysis proposed by Bardin (2011). As for the results, we implement after prior intervention plan, we could reach results supported the model of intervention that we propose to research. Thus, it was possible to see how this should be organized and what steps should be performed. At first, this intervention has sparked changes in the daily lives of participants, resulting in positive health behaviors. The CHW's met expectations and after work training performed well in research and health education activities. Therefore, this research still can not answer whether the intervention produced, in short, is capable of causing long-term changes, and especially if these changes have helped in reducing cancer rates. It is worth to notice that such interventions to be successful, the partnerships need to be strengthened. This way, we can have an efficient public health and at the same time, a primary care quality, it requires in fact, that all work together.
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Detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer
(2001-10) PEREIRA, Luana Paredes Leite de Barros; WAISBERG, Jaques; ANDRÉ, Eduardo Antonio; ZANOTO, Arnaldo; MENDES JÚNIOR, João Paulo; SOARES, Heloísa Prado
Background and Objectives — Considering the high prevalence of stomach cancer in the northern region of Brazil and the recognized relationship between chronic gastric inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori, and its carcinogenic potential, the objective we had with this study was to investigate the presence of the microorganism in macro and microscopic presentations of neoplasm in different regions of the stomach, and in non-malignant lesions concomitant to the adenocarcinoma in patients originating from the metropolitan area of Belém (State of Pará, Brazil). Methods - Examinations were made on 172 patients divided into two groups: group I, formed by 75 patients with gastric carcinoma, and group II, formed by 97 patients with mild enanthematic gastritis, considered control group. The diagnosis was obtained during endoscopic examination and the respective biopsy. Gastric neoplasms were classified macroscopically in accordance with Borrmann's classification, and microscopically in accordance with Laurén's classification. In group I, 54 patients were male and 21 female while in group II, 22 patients were male and 75 female. The average age in group I was 61.2 years (range 27 to 86 years), while in group II it was 37.5 years (range 16 to 69 years). Thin sections were prepared and stained using the hematoxylin-eosin method. In the Helicobacter pylori research, the modified Gram stain was utilized. Statistical analysis was done by utilizing the chi-squared (c 2) test, Mann-Whitney test (U), and Fisher's exact test. Results - The results showed the detection of Helicobacter pylori were significantly greater in patients with mild enanthematic gastritis than in patients with gastric carcinoma. The presence of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric carcinoma and mild enanthematic gastritis was significantly greater in the antral region than in other gastric regions. Helicobacter pylori detection in patients with gastric carcinoma did not present a significant difference in relation to the macroscopic aspect of the tumor either intestinal or diffuse histological types. Conclusions - These data suggest the presence of the bacteria is predominant in the antral region and it does not show relation with the macroscopic types or histological intestinal or diffuse types of gastric carcinoma.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito antineoplásico do composto 4,2´,3´,4´-tetrametoxi chalcona em linhagem de neuroblastoma B103 de rato
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-28) COSTA, José Elierson Barros; SILVA, Anderson Manoel Herculano Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8407177208423247
Neuroblastoma is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in childhood. The term is commonly used to refer to a wide variety of neuroblastic tumors, including neuroblastomas, ganglioneuromas and ganglioneuroblastomas. Estimates show that 8 million children under 15 years of age per year are affected by this cancer, where 80% of cases are affected in up to 4 years of age, the tumor is malignant cells derived from embryonic arising from primary neuronal cells, since nodes adrenal medulla and sympathetic to other points. In this study, we assessed the cytotoxic potential of the compound 4,2 ', 3', 4'- tetrametoxchalcone in vitro model B103 rat neuroblastoma. Drug stock solutions were prepared at 50mM in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and stored at - 20 ° C for the preparation of new concentrations (150μM, 100 mM, 75 mM and 50 mM). Cell viability was assayed from culture of glial cells from rat cortex. Cell migration assays and colony formation were also conducted. For statistical analysis, analysis of variance criterion (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test using the BioEstat 5.0 program was conducted. In the evaluation of cytotoxic effect of chalcones, it was observed that treatment with the compound 4,2’,3’,4’- tetrametoxchalcone showed no cytotoxic effect against normal cells of rat cortex for the concentrations tested, whereas in cell cultures neuroblastoma B103 was shown that the drug promotes cell death significantly.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos citotóxicos e mecanismo de ação da eleuterina isolada de Eleutherine plicata em modelo in vitro de células c6
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05) SHINKAI, Victória Mae Tsuruzaki; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3647-9124
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant primary tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). GBM cells are characterized by rapid proliferation and aggressive migration. There is growing demand for new therapies to treat this tumor, due to current therapeutic limitations. Quinone derivatives from plants have received increased interest as potential antiglioma drugs due to their diverse pharmacological activities such as inhibition of cell growth, inflammation, tumor invasion and promotion of tumor regression. The herb Eleutherine plicata, popularly known as Marupazinho, is widely used in popular medicine due to its pharmacological properties, containing quinone derivatives, more specifically naphthoquinones. Previous studies have demonstrated the antiglioma activity of Eleutherine plicata, which is related to three main naphthoquinone compounds – eleutherine, isoeleutherine and eleutherol – but mechanism of action remains unclear. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the potential cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect of eleutherin in an in vitro model of glioblastoma (C6 lineage). In vitro cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT assay; Morphological changes were assessed by phase contrast microscopy. Apoptosis was determined by the annexin V-FITCpropidium iodide assay, and antiproliferative effects were assessed by the colony formation assay. Protein kinase B (AKT/pAKT) expression was measured by western blot, and telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results obtained indicated that eleutherin, isolated from the Hexanic fraction, had a cytotoxic effect on the C6 lineage. Structural changes were observed by image capture, with a significant reduction in colony formation, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of pAKT and reduction in telomerase expression after treatment. Thus, our study showed that the eleuterin molecule has cytotoxic activity in C6 lineage glioma.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Expressão da E-caderina em carcinoma de células escamosas e no tumor de células basais de cães
(2011-09) JOÃO, Carolina Franchi; COSTA, Mirela Tinucci; CARDILLI, Diogo José; FARIA, Joice Lara Maia; MAGALHÃES, Geórgia Modé; ALESSI, Antonio Carlos
The cadherins are a group of cellular adhesion molecules that are expressed on the surface of all epidermic layer. The E-cadherin is the main cadherin involved in epithelial cellular adhesion; the decrease in its expression is related to the progression of some types of cancer, to its metastatic characteristics, and to the prognosis, specially carcinomas. The squamous cell carcinoma and the basal cells tumors are a malignant epithelial neoplasm which affects dogs. The goal of this study was to evaluate E-cadherin's expression in canine tissues that were classified as squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell tumor, and to find a correlation with the biological behavior of the tumors. The squamous cell carcinomas showed significantly decreased expression of the molecule compared to the basal cell tumors when evaluated by Fisher's test (P=0.0039). Also, the more differentiated neoplastic cells had a higher intensity of color than the less differentiated ones. In conclusion, it is suggested that the reduced expression of E-cadherin in skin tumors may indicate greater power infiltrative and consequently poor prognosis in dogs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Farmacogenética do Gene TPMT na resposta A 6-Mercaptopurina, em pacientes com Leucemia Linfoblástica Aguda
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-03) LIMA, Carlos Henrique Vasconcelos de; ASSUMPÇÃO, Paulo Pimentel de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7323606327039876; SANTOS, Ney Pereira Carneiro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1290427033107137
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer in children under 15 years of age. 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of childhood ALL. Polymorphisms in thiopurine S-methyltransferase gene (TPMT) may be associated with individual variation in the response to treatment of childhood ALL, such as increased severe toxicity (grade 3 and 4). The aim of this study was to associate polymorphisms of TPMT gene: TPMT*2 (238G>C), TPMT*3A (460G>A and 719A>G), TPMT*3B (460G>A), TPMT*3C (719A>G), TPMT* 8 (644G>A) and intronic variant rs12201199 (94T>A) with the occurrence of serious toxicities in patients with ALL treated with 6-MP, in Northern Brazil. One hundred thirty-seven pediatric patients with ALL and treated at the Ophir Loyola Hospital in the state of Pará were investigated. The rs12201199 polymorphism was genotyped by real-time PCR (equipment 7500 Real-Time PCR System) and other polymorphisms were genotyped by direct sequencing using the automated sequencer ABI PRISM 3130 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosytems, CA, USA). The haplotypes among the studied polymorphisms were derived via maximum likelihood estimates using the program PHASE. A panel of 48 markers Ancestry Informative was used as genomic control in the sample and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v.20.0 software (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). All statistical tests considered the probability (p) significant when ≤0, 05. In relation to the genomic ancestry, it was noted that the ethnic composition of ALL patients was 44% Caucasian, 22% African and 34% Amerindian. Among the reported toxicities, infectious was most prevalent (86%), followed by hematological (65%), gastrointestinal (64.8%) and central nervous system toxicity (29.9%). Allele frequency of polymorphism rs12201199 was 0.482 among the studied subjects. The most prevalent haplotype variants were TPMT*3A (7.6%), followed by TPMT*3C and TPMT*8, both 7.3%. There was no significant association between poor metabolism profiles of TPMT with none of the serious toxicities reported in the studied patients with LLA. However, our data show that there is a significant relationship between the polymorphism of TPMT gene (rs12201199) and the occurrence of severe infectious toxicity during treatment of childhood ALL. It has been observed that patients who have mutant homozygous AA genotype for this polymorphism in TPMT gene have 4.098 times higher risk of presenting severe infectious toxicity during the treatment for childhood ALL compared to those with the other genotypes. This result may be important to help predict risk of toxicity during treatment, contributing to a better individual prognosis of patients with childhood ALL.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Investigação de polimorfismos nos genes XRCC1, MTHFR e EGFR como possíveis marcadores de suscetibilidade ao câncer, na população de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-08) VIEIRA, Priscilla Cristina Moura; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; SANTOS, Ney Pereira Carneiro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1290427033107137
Cancer is defined as a multifactorial disease resulting from complex interactions between extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Among the main intrinsic factors are the genetic and/or epigenetic alterations in genes involved with the carcinogenesis process. The identification and characterization of these genes may provide a better understanding of the molecular basis of cancer. Considering the importance of alterations in XRCC1, MRHFR and EGFR genes in various pro-carcinogenic pathways, it is extremely important to investigate the effects of functional polymorphisms in these genes and their molecular consequences in cancer susceptibility.The objective of this study was to identify possible associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) Arg194Trp (XRCC1) e Ala222Val (MTHFR) e Arg521Lys (EGFR) with the development of gastric and breast cancers in the population of Belém-PA, in a case-control study. Furthermore, the control of genomic ancestry was held to avoid spurious results arising from population substructuring in the groups investigated. Molecular analysis of SNPs was carried out by TaqMan. Statistical analyses were performed using the program SPSS v.20 and to estimate the interethnic admixture we used the program STRUCTURE v.2.2. Regarding polymorphisms Arg194Trp, Ala222Val we did not observe any significant association with susceptibility to breast and gastric tumors (P > 0.05).For the polymorphism Arg521Lys, in a first moment (univariate analysis), a significant effect for susceptibility to cancers investigated was found (P = 0.037). However, after genomic control for African and European ancestries, this result has proved to be spurious (P = 0.064). Regarding ancestries, our results showed a strong association of African ancestry with susceptibility to gastric and breast cancers (P = 0.010, OR = 76,723; 95% CI = 2.805 - 2098.230) whereas for European contribution a protective effect was found (P = 0.024, OR = 0071, 95% CI = 0.007-0.703). In conclusion, our study presented the evidence that the African and European genomic ancestries are important factors related to susceptibility to gastric and breast cancers. Regarding Arg521Ly polymorphism, further studies are necessary to confirm whether the association is indeed spurious.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perfil sociodemográfico, clínico e de sobrevida de pacientes adultos metastáticos
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2023) ESTUMANO, Vanessa Kelly Cardoso; SAGICA, Taís dos Passos; ALBUQUERQUE, Gisela Pereira Xavier; COSTA, Marta Solange Camarinha Ramos; PEREIRA, Odenilce Vieira; MELO, Edjane Marcia Linhares; SILVA, Sílvio Éder Dias da; RAMOS, Aline Maria Pereira Cruz
Objective: To characterize the sociodemographic, clinical and survival profile of adult metastatic patients.Method: Retrospective cross-sectional study, with secondary data from an oncology care unit, analyzed using logistic regression, Chi-Square test and Fisher’s exact test, Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank tests.Results: From the 678 patients, male gender, mean age 59.54 years old and low education level prevailed. The mean time between diagnosis and initiation of treatment was 89.50 days (± 58.87). Increased risk of primary cancer in the digestive tract (OR 1.42). Prevalence of adenocarcinoma (OR 1.53) and metastasis to bone (OR 2.59), lymph nodes (OR 1.75), liver and peritoneum (OR 1.42). The mean overall survival was 4.16 months and a median of 3.0 months.Conclusion: The main primary site was the digestive system, and the identification of metastases was predominantly unifocal liver in both genders. Overall patient survival was reduced by cancer progression.
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Polimorfismo do Gene UGT1A1 associado à toxicidade em pacientes oncológicos tratados com irinotecano (CPT-11) em Belém/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-23) CARRERA, Jackeline de Sousa; MONTENEGRO, Raquel Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0043828437326839
Introduction: Studies and reviews the international scientific literature have gathered data to support the role of pharmacogenomics in clinical medicine, specifically genotype UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1*6 as predictors of toxicity associated with therapy with CPT-11 (irinotecan), because an insert thymine-adenine in the promoter region of the UGT1A1 gene TATAbox or a single nucleotide polymorphism in exon 1 of the same gene, causing lesser extent UGT1A1 enzyme and hence lower glucuronidation of the drug. Objective: To investigate the occurrence of polymorphisms in the promoter region of the UGT1A1 gene and associate their presence with the toxicities of manifestation to CPT-11 drug in cancer patients treated at two public hospitals specialized in oncology in Belém /PA. Method: Patients in cancer treatment to CPT-11 base were accompanied by pharmacotherapeutic monitoring method as the occurrence of toxicities. Adverse reactions were assessed according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events, Version 4.0. The study also analyzed the genetic material of patients, the frequency and distribution of the polymorphism in the UGT1A1 gene by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. As they could also be evaluated clinical and epidemiological data of the subjects. Results: A total of 31 patients were recruited, the majority (80.6%) treated with modified IFL regimen (120 mg /m² CPT-11), the most frequent gender was female (54.8%) and the primary site of the tumor , predominantly, it was the rectum (41.9%). Among the 27 patients could be genotyped none showed polymorphism in exon 1 (UGT1A1 * 6), but the following alleles were detected as the TATA promoter polymorphism in the gene, TA5/6 (3.7%), TA6/6 (44 , 4%), TA6/7 (37%) and TA7/7 (14.8%). A total of 71 toxicities were observed in 25 patients. The study population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P = 0.135). Our study found no significant relationship between the different toxicities manifested in patients with different numbers of variant alleles, but it was observed that patients who had two alleles or a single variant allele had more medical interventions (dose reduction, delay or discontinuation of treatment) due to toxicity than patients in the wild-type allele (p = 0.016). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed a high frequency of adverse reactions to CPT-11 use in the studied patients, even low-dose protocols in relation to other studies, although they have not shown significant differences suggest the continuity of the same order to get larger sample size, considering that when the population was stratified by frequency of medical interventions motivated by toxicity, the carrier of the mutation group, heterozygous or homozygous, had higher intervention rate during treatment. Those patients can present toxicities more severe than compromise the continuity of care.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Representações sociais de mulheres mastectomizadas e suas implicações para o autocuidado
(2010-10) SILVA, Sílvio Éder Dias da; VASCONCELOS, Esleane Vilela; SANTANA, Mary Elizabeth de; RODRIGUES, Ivaneide Leal Ataíde; LEITE, Teodolina Valente; SANTOS, Lucialba Maria Silva dos; SOUSA, Ralrizônia Fernandes; CONCEIÇÃO, Vander Monteiro da; OLIVEIRA, Jackline Leite de; MEIRELES, Wanda do Nascimento
The purposes of this research was to identify the social representations of women on breast mastectomy and to analyze the implications of these social representations to care for self-care. This is a qualitative study using the Theory of Social Representations as theoretical reference. For data collection it was employed two techniques: the free association of ideas and observation. For data analysis the thematic analysis was used. The research resulted in two thematic units: the breast and its representations of social change in the body and social representations of women mastectomy: implications for self care. In the study, showed that women objected care of the breasts through the realization of self-examination.
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Sepse e choque séptico: avaliação de fatores preditivos em crianças portadoras de doenças oncológicas admitidas na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-12-18) ALCOCER, Victor Nelson Pacheco; QUARESMA, Juarez Antônio Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3350166863853054
This is a prospective study that analyzed predictive factors related with the evolution of sepsis and the septic shock, regarding patients carrying oncologic lymphoproliferative disorder and solid tumorations which where admitted in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital Ophir Loyola, and also validated the PRISM III score in order to predict the evolution of these patients. The study included patients in the age bracket of 30 days – 16 years hospitalized between December 2007 and March 2008 whom survived for the first 24 hours. The data of the patients consisted in epidemiologic, clinical and laboratorial parameters, treatment received and evolution to death or recovery, that were collected from a clinical chart, as well as the PRISM score collected in the first 24 hours since admitted in the unit. The logistic regression statistics analysis was performed through the epidemiologic, clinical and laboratorial variables. The results demonstrated that the average age of the patients was 72.8 months, of whom 66.18% were male with a hospitalization average time of 12.10 days, and also that the major percentage (69.12%) came from the countryside and other states. The most common cause of admission was sepsis (41.18%); more than half of the patients presented neutropenic fever (55.88%) and required inotropic-vasoactive drugs (55.88%); used mechanic ventilation (47.06%) with 51.47 % of the cases concluding in death. The univariate logistic regression evidenced as significant risk factor for death the time of hospitalization, utilization of inotropic-vasoactive drugs and mechanic ventilation. The analysis of the death related to the PRISM score was also significant. The multivariate analysis presented as the most significant risk factors for death the utilization of inotropic-vasoactive drugs, the use of mechanic ventilation and the PRISM III score. The untimely start of the intensive treatment for children with cancer presenting sepsis and septic shock can be a factor capable to influence the mortality of these patients.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vivências de famílias de crianças com câncer no contexto amazônico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-03) CARVALHO, Milene do Socorro Bastos de; CARVALHO, Jacira Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9434086419077532; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-2434
The diagnosis of cancer is a disorganizing moment in the child's life and also in the lives of those who live with him or her, the reactions can be disastrous for the child and their families, leading them to emotional imbalances, insecurity, guilt, fear, and symptoms of depression. Identifying the family system, that is, the family as a complex phenomenon, which demands support among its members, to deal with a particular disease situation, can be the first step towards raising awareness and reflection on the importance and care of the family for the nursing. Family nursing research has contributed to new care experiences, which implies a reflection on new possibilities for nurses / family interaction in different scenarios and contexts. OBJECTIVES: To identify the structure, development and standard of functioning of the children's families with cancer in the region of Amazonia/Belém/Pará, by applying the Calgary Family Assessment Model (MCAF); to describe the children's families history with cancer according to the MCAF in the Amazonian context; to describe the expectations of the children's family members with cancer in relation to the participation of the nurse in the care of the child and his / her family. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach, used as a theoretical and methodological reference, the Calgary Family Assessment Model. It was developed in the city of Belém-PA, in a reference hospital in pediatric oncology. The study included 05 families of children diagnosed with cancer who were being treated in the hospitalization sector. A semistructured interview technique was performed, whose sessions were recorded and transcribed entirety, avoiding the loss or misrepresentation of the information. The analysis of thematic content was carried out in the light of the MCAF in three categories: structural, developmental and functional evaluation, presented through the Genogram and Ecomapa through the statements of each family interviewed. RESULTS: From the experiences of caring for the child with cancer we verified that the families experienced significant changes and problems of several magnitudes that came to compromise some relationships in the internal and external structure of the families. The Calgary Family Assessment Model allowed us to observe a scientific and systematic structure, through its categories of family assessment, because it helped us to gather information, which gave us support in the construction of the Genogram and Ecomapa in a way that allowed a broader and more significant view of the family structure. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The child and his/her family need a qualified and systematized assistance in order to enable paths that foster feelings of hope, security and confidence regarding the treatment and consequently aiming a satisfactory prognosis, so we emphasize the need for new studies related to the family, especially the applicability of the Calgary Family Intervention Model (MCIF), in order to deepen and make possible new dimensions, giving to family nursing new collaborations of great scientific relevance.