Navegando por Assunto "Nursing care"

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A representação social dos enfermeiros sobre o câncer e suas implicações para o cuidado de enfermagem prestado aos pacientes oncológicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-22) JESUS, José Maria Barreto de; SILVA, Sílvio Éder Dias da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0084512862619143; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-0348
Presented to the Graduate Program in Nursing of the Health Sciences Institute of the Federal University of Pará, Master's Degree in Nursing of the UFPa as part of the requisites required to obtain the Master's Degree in Nursing. This research aims to study the social representation of nurses on cancer and its implications for the nursing care provided to cancer patients. Interest in this subject appeared when I began to perceive the change in the profile of patients hospitalized at the hospital where they worked, from acute patients (leptospirosis, rabies, bacterial and viral meningitis, among others) to chronic diseases, specifically cancer. Cancer is a disease that first affects the cognitive level of the individual, who after the process of assimilation, comes to understand and fear. For this reason it accepts the treatment, which also implies suffering (mutilating surgeries, radiotherapy and chemotherapy). But when the manifestations of the disease materialize in the patient's body, his previous biotype is altered which translates into signs and symptoms, such as: severe weight loss, loss of muscle strength and others. The disease, now visualized by others, leaves the psychological sphere passing, also, to the sociological one - it becomes a psychosocial disease. Regarding the professional's view, cultural dimensions imply the understanding that cancer is a terminal illness, that is, when the individual is affected by the pathology, however great the dedication of the health team to death is inevitable . I emphasize that this reality is grounded not because cancer is a terminal disease, but because of the existence of a strong bureaucracy present in health services. It is worth mentioning that in the state of Pará, this problem is more pronounced due to the large size of the territory, which makes it difficult for patients to access health services. Cancer is a disease that is widely exploited by many types of research, including those of a psychosocial nature. But I would like to point out that the discussion about the social representations of nurses about cancer is of fundamental importance for a rethinking of nursing about the care given to a patient with a chronic and almost always terminal illness. Based on this understanding, I formulated the following objectives: characterize the social representation of nurses on cancer and analyze the implications of this social representation for the nursing care provided to cancer patients. The study is descriptive-exploratory, with a qualitative approach and theoretical contribution of the concepts of Theory of Social Representations. The work is based on primary sources: statements of nineteen nurses and a nurse, produced from a semi-structured interview and the technique of free association of ideas. I first opted for the application of the technique of free association of ideas, as a way to deepen the themes that emerged in the free association of ideas, I used the semi-guided interview as a second technique. The information was worked through the thematic analysis, which allows to know a reality, through the communications of individuals who have ties with it. I sought to follow the guidance of this author who unfolds this type of analysis in three stages: the first is the pre-analysis, which consisted in the selection and organization of the material, with the realization of floating reading and the constitution of the corpus; The second the exploitation of the material and the third, the data treatment and interpretation. As a result of the consolidation of two thematic units, so-called: cancer a chronic, degenerative, suffering and deadly disease and cancer patient: the experience of a new nursing care. The results evidenced the suffering experienced by the nurses in providing care to the cancer patient due to the frustration of the unreached cure. The implementation of a new care allowed the deponents to insert in their care practice an integral and humane care to this clientele.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vivências de famílias de crianças com câncer no contexto amazônico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-03) CARVALHO, Milene do Socorro Bastos de; CARVALHO, Jacira Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9434086419077532; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-2434
The diagnosis of cancer is a disorganizing moment in the child's life and also in the lives of those who live with him or her, the reactions can be disastrous for the child and their families, leading them to emotional imbalances, insecurity, guilt, fear, and symptoms of depression. Identifying the family system, that is, the family as a complex phenomenon, which demands support among its members, to deal with a particular disease situation, can be the first step towards raising awareness and reflection on the importance and care of the family for the nursing. Family nursing research has contributed to new care experiences, which implies a reflection on new possibilities for nurses / family interaction in different scenarios and contexts. OBJECTIVES: To identify the structure, development and standard of functioning of the children's families with cancer in the region of Amazonia/Belém/Pará, by applying the Calgary Family Assessment Model (MCAF); to describe the children's families history with cancer according to the MCAF in the Amazonian context; to describe the expectations of the children's family members with cancer in relation to the participation of the nurse in the care of the child and his / her family. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach, used as a theoretical and methodological reference, the Calgary Family Assessment Model. It was developed in the city of Belém-PA, in a reference hospital in pediatric oncology. The study included 05 families of children diagnosed with cancer who were being treated in the hospitalization sector. A semistructured interview technique was performed, whose sessions were recorded and transcribed entirety, avoiding the loss or misrepresentation of the information. The analysis of thematic content was carried out in the light of the MCAF in three categories: structural, developmental and functional evaluation, presented through the Genogram and Ecomapa through the statements of each family interviewed. RESULTS: From the experiences of caring for the child with cancer we verified that the families experienced significant changes and problems of several magnitudes that came to compromise some relationships in the internal and external structure of the families. The Calgary Family Assessment Model allowed us to observe a scientific and systematic structure, through its categories of family assessment, because it helped us to gather information, which gave us support in the construction of the Genogram and Ecomapa in a way that allowed a broader and more significant view of the family structure. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The child and his/her family need a qualified and systematized assistance in order to enable paths that foster feelings of hope, security and confidence regarding the treatment and consequently aiming a satisfactory prognosis, so we emphasize the need for new studies related to the family, especially the applicability of the Calgary Family Intervention Model (MCIF), in order to deepen and make possible new dimensions, giving to family nursing new collaborations of great scientific relevance.