Navegando por Assunto "Oncology"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Programa de estágio extracurricular teórico-prático interdisciplinar de iniciação em oncologia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-18) SILVA, José Henrique Santos; RAMOS, Raquel de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3576658450395680; ELIASQUEVICI, Marianne Kogut; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6655468164115415
From the identification of existing gaps in early learning stages of Health professionals to act upon the field of Oncology, this research sought to respond the focus question “How to assist in the training of undergraduates in the area of Health and sensitize them to work in the promotion, prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and palliation in oncology from an interdisciplinary perspective?”. To do so, the general objective was to “Structure an extracurricular internship program in Oncology for undergraduate students of courses in the area of Health in a theoretical-practical and interdisciplinary format of initiation in Oncology, based on the assumptions of active teaching-learning methodologies and interdisciplinary action”. This program was developed at the Instituição Oncológica do Brasil, a cancer research and treatment center located in Belém, Pará. Based on action research, the methodological path was divided into four phases: (i) carrying out a bibliographical survey; (ii) construction of the action plan; (iii) implementation of a pilot program; and (iv) follow-up of the investigation-action cycle. As an educational product resulting from the research, the “Guia didático: Programa de Estágio Extracurricular Teórico-Prático Interdisciplinar de Iniciação em Oncologia” was prepared, describing the structure of the Program (curricular organization, selection process, use of active teaching-learning strategies, evaluation process and others). The results obtained from the study also made it possible to verify the improvement in the training of undergraduates in the area of Health in terms of knowledge of Oncology subjects, which are scarcely addressed in the curricula of undergraduate courses. Because the Program is divided into axes (Teaching, Research and Extension), it provides a broader experience for the undergraduate student and the possibility of greater insertion in the Oncology specialty, expanding the vision of care and assistance in general. The division of the theoretical content into modules and the use of clinical cases makes teaching more focused on practical issues, related to the problems faced in the daily life of interdisciplinary assistance, providing the development of skills and competences for a differentiated support. Therefore, from the analysis of this experience, we believe that this developed product can favor and serve as an inspiration for the implementation of extracurricular internship programs in several other realities, whether or not in the area of Oncology – provided that the necessary adaptations are made and that the pedagogical proposals are similar.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A representação social dos enfermeiros sobre o câncer e suas implicações para o cuidado de enfermagem prestado aos pacientes oncológicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-22) JESUS, José Maria Barreto de; SILVA, Sílvio Éder Dias da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0084512862619143; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-0348
Presented to the Graduate Program in Nursing of the Health Sciences Institute of the Federal University of Pará, Master's Degree in Nursing of the UFPa as part of the requisites required to obtain the Master's Degree in Nursing. This research aims to study the social representation of nurses on cancer and its implications for the nursing care provided to cancer patients. Interest in this subject appeared when I began to perceive the change in the profile of patients hospitalized at the hospital where they worked, from acute patients (leptospirosis, rabies, bacterial and viral meningitis, among others) to chronic diseases, specifically cancer. Cancer is a disease that first affects the cognitive level of the individual, who after the process of assimilation, comes to understand and fear. For this reason it accepts the treatment, which also implies suffering (mutilating surgeries, radiotherapy and chemotherapy). But when the manifestations of the disease materialize in the patient's body, his previous biotype is altered which translates into signs and symptoms, such as: severe weight loss, loss of muscle strength and others. The disease, now visualized by others, leaves the psychological sphere passing, also, to the sociological one - it becomes a psychosocial disease. Regarding the professional's view, cultural dimensions imply the understanding that cancer is a terminal illness, that is, when the individual is affected by the pathology, however great the dedication of the health team to death is inevitable . I emphasize that this reality is grounded not because cancer is a terminal disease, but because of the existence of a strong bureaucracy present in health services. It is worth mentioning that in the state of Pará, this problem is more pronounced due to the large size of the territory, which makes it difficult for patients to access health services. Cancer is a disease that is widely exploited by many types of research, including those of a psychosocial nature. But I would like to point out that the discussion about the social representations of nurses about cancer is of fundamental importance for a rethinking of nursing about the care given to a patient with a chronic and almost always terminal illness. Based on this understanding, I formulated the following objectives: characterize the social representation of nurses on cancer and analyze the implications of this social representation for the nursing care provided to cancer patients. The study is descriptive-exploratory, with a qualitative approach and theoretical contribution of the concepts of Theory of Social Representations. The work is based on primary sources: statements of nineteen nurses and a nurse, produced from a semi-structured interview and the technique of free association of ideas. I first opted for the application of the technique of free association of ideas, as a way to deepen the themes that emerged in the free association of ideas, I used the semi-guided interview as a second technique. The information was worked through the thematic analysis, which allows to know a reality, through the communications of individuals who have ties with it. I sought to follow the guidance of this author who unfolds this type of analysis in three stages: the first is the pre-analysis, which consisted in the selection and organization of the material, with the realization of floating reading and the constitution of the corpus; The second the exploitation of the material and the third, the data treatment and interpretation. As a result of the consolidation of two thematic units, so-called: cancer a chronic, degenerative, suffering and deadly disease and cancer patient: the experience of a new nursing care. The results evidenced the suffering experienced by the nurses in providing care to the cancer patient due to the frustration of the unreached cure. The implementation of a new care allowed the deponents to insert in their care practice an integral and humane care to this clientele.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sobre a forma de ocupar-se de cuidar de pessoas sob cuidados paliativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01) PINTO, Aline da Cruz Cavalcante de; SILVA, Vanessa do Socorro Mendes da; SOUZA, Airle Miranda de; CORRÊA, Victor Augusto Cavaleiro
Introduction: Palliative care is a set of approaches to improve the quality of living for people who are out of the possibility of cure of a particular illness. Generally, they demand from family members the task of being caretakers, implying in their day-to-day occupations. The occupations are the various daily actions carried out by individuals, in groups and in the communities to which they belong, to fill the time and bring meanings and purposes to life. The occupational form understands what people do, how they do it, and in what circumstances they do. It is understood that caregivers of people who are in palliative care have a peculiar way of occupying themselves and with characteristic conditions. Objective: To understand the form of occupations of the main caregivers of people in oncological palliative care. Method: This is a qualitative research, carried out at a reference hospital in palliative care in the Northern Region of Brazil, at the Oncology Palliative Care Clinic (CCPO). An open interview was conducted with 20 family caregivers. Results: Outstanding changes in routine organization and dedication to caring for the loved one in palliative care. It also revealed that being a caregiver led to the difficult task of including, maintaining, and excluding day-to-day occupations. Conclusion: The study highlights the implications in the occupational repertoire in the condition of being a caregiver in palliative care and how the occupation is developed and drawing attention to the need for health professionals to direct their attention also to caregivers.