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Navegando por Assunto "Ondas eletromagnéticas"

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    Análise de ressonâncias eletromagnéticas em estrutura periódica de discos de grafeno magnetizadosd na faixa de terahertz
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-02-27) SILVA, Amanda Evangelista da; OLIVEIRA, Cristiano Braga de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2012907724305086; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3139536479960191
    Since its isolation in 2004, graphene has shown to be a promising material, as it allows strong interaction of charge carriers with terahertz (THz) radiation. This extensive interaction with light is due to the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) thus providing several applications in the areas of THz photonics. In the presence of an external magnetic field, the cyclotron resonance dominates in the THz spectra. In this work we analyze several resonance modes (dipole, quadrupole, hexapole and modes with azimuthal symmetry) that can exist in the graphene disk in an arrangement with periodic square unit cells. We calculated the resonances with magnetization by an external DC magnetic field ranging up to 3T and compared them with the case of the same structure without magnetization where it was observed that the presence of the magnetic field results in the splitting of some resonant modes. The resonant characteristics are numerically obtained using the COMSOL Multiphysics software in two distinct and complementary studies: the eigenfrequency calculation regime referring to the natural modes of resonance and the plane wave excitation with normal incidence. Floquet boundary conditions on the four sides of the unit cells are used to simulate the in-plane periodic structure of graphene. The unit cell side (i.e. the period of the matrix) used in the numerical calculation is A = 9µm, the radius of the graphene disk is D = 3µm. The problem of excitation of some modes is discussed from the point of view of the circular symmetry that, to generate the resonance peaks in this regime, had to be broken through a subtle cut in the shape of a rectangular slit of size Lx = 10nm by Ly = 550nm starting axially from the edge. The disk is modeled as a two-dimensional element, and this provides a good approximation of the atomic thickness of a single layer of this material. Conductivity is modeled by the semi-classical Drude model. The discussion of resonator properties is fulfilled in terms of graphene currents and electromagnetic fields outside graphene. Potential applications of the obtained results are Faraday and Kerr rotators, controllable filters and absorbers for THz photonic circuits
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    Análise teórica do problema de Weaver da falha infinita, modo TE magnetotelúrico
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-02-14) GUIMARÃES, Raimundo Nonato Menezes; RIJO, Luiz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3148365912720676
    In this work it is shown an analytic solution for the Magnetotelluric TE mode infinite fault, taking in consideration the presence of the air. The solution following the hybrid solution, partially analytic and partially numeric, proposed in 1985 by Sampaio. In his solution he applied eight boundary conditions. We found that four of them are mathematically inconsistent and had to be modified. The modification of them took us to the analytic solution discussed here. This solution is compared with those obtained by Weaver and by Sampaio and with finite element method, using resistivity contrast equal to 2, 10 and 50 between the two sides of the fault. As a result, the analytic solution obtained here for the normalized electric field shows a better fit with the finite element solution then those proposed by either Weaver or Sampaio. This is a very difficult problem and it is still open to a definitive analytic solution. The one shown here is just one big step toward this goal.
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    Chaves ópticas compactas baseadas em ressoador magneto-óptico em cristal fotônico bidimensional
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08-08) ZIMMER, Daimam Darlam; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3139536479960191
    In the present work, investigated three possibilities of optical key (switch) based on Photonic Crystal, two of these being constructed from a magneto-optic material, designed to operate in the optical frequency range and the last cylinder of dielectric, designed to operate in the terahertz frequency range, both consist of two coupled waveguides resonant cavity. The optical keys consist of material magneto optical, has a cavity formed by cylindrical holes disposed so as to mount concentric rings around a central hole, and the first, with front of coupled waveguides formed a angles of 180o aligned with each other and the resonant cavity. The second side coupled to the waveguide resonant cavity. Are inserted into the magneto-optical material in two- dimensional photonic crystal defects (holes forming a triangular lattice). The optical key constructed by dielectric cylinders arranged in order to mount a square lattice, has a hollow cylinder composed of a nickel-zinc-ferrite, and their wave guides are at an angle of 90o. The devices has two states, a state where there is transmission signal (state on) and a state where the lock signal occurs (state off ), being the transition between them controlled from the variation of an external DC magnetic field H0. The operation of the device is based on the orientation of a dipole mode, excited resonant cavity for electromagnetic signal. In state on no magnetisation dipole nodes align perpendicular to the axis of the waveguides, occurring so the signal transmission, with low insertion losses, While in the State off non-zero external magnetic field the dipole mode is rotated by 90o for coupling the front and to the device with lateral coupling the dipole mode shows a rotation in counterclockwise interrupting signal transmission, with high isolation. For the key cylinder constructed of dielectric, the condition on magnetization is obtained, the dipole mode shows a clockwise rotation transmitting the signal, whereas in state off without external magnetic field, the dipole mode is stationary, with the nodes of the dipole mode aligned with the waveguides stopping the signal transmission.
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    Descargas parciais em barras estatóricas de hidrogeradores: modelagem por guia de onda e análise de um acoplador
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-10-23) KAWAKATSU, Williams Massayuki; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684541646225359
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    Modelamento de sistemas móveis celulares em ambiente indoor usando equações parabólicas
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-05-07) MÁGNO, Fátima Nazaré Baraúna; COSTA, Jessé Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7294174204296739; CAVALCANTE, Gervásio Protásio dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2265948982068382
    The progress of the wireless digital communication system during the last years has been remarkable, and today is one of the fields with faster development. There is a growing search in propagation models that provide efficiency and accuracy. The study of the radio propagation in these environments is very important for the determination of the propagation losses in indoor environment, because any object with dimensions in the order of greatness inside of the range of mobile communication wavelength can act as an interference source for the electromagnetic waves. Two types of propagation models are very used for indoor environment: the empirics and the deterministic. The first ones are based on very simple and direct formulas, easy to apply, however they provide local-specific precision. The deterministic models follow propagation of electromagnetic waves physical principles - the most popular are the ray tracing and the numeric solution of the equations of Maxwell (elliptic equations and for approach, parabolic equations). In this work is proposed a model based on the method of parabolic equations, being considered narrow angles (up to 15°) and wide angles (up to 90°) of propagation. For the solution of the parabolic equation for small propagation angles, the implicit finite difference scheme of the Crank-Nicholson type was used; and for the solution of the equation that considers wide propagation angles the mixed Fourier Transforms was used. In order to validate the model proposed, measurement campaigns were carried out in frequencies of 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz and the data obtained from these campaigns were compared to the model proposed in this work. Besides, the model in subject was also compared with some existent models in the literature. The results found in this work validate the method of parabolic equations as an important tool for the calculation of the propagation loss in indoor environment, once a great reduction of computational effort and quantity of necessary memory, when compared the other methods and a better result was observed for wide propagation angles.
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    Modelamento de sistemas móveis celulares em ambiente semi-confinado e misto usando equações parabólicas
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-05-08) SOUZA, João Furtado de; COSTA, Jessé Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7294174204296739; CAVALCANTE, Gervásio Protásio dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2265948982068382
    In the last decades, the use of mobile telephone have become of great importance because of the growing on the use, this become its study very relevant to solve the problems brought from the increase of demand. In this Thesis, it is developed a model for the study of electromagnetic waves propagation loss, using the formalism of parabolic equation applied to mobile communication in an semi-confined and mixed environment. Crank-Nicolson’s finite differences schema is applied to calculate the parabolic equation (PE) solution. The fifteen degrees in the direction paraxial propagation and the complex refractive index were considered respectively. In other to validate the method a campaign of measurement was carried out in different cities in Para state. In Belém,at Braz de Aguiar Avenue, and in Benfica and Marituba, the frequency used was 900 MHz, and in Barcarena and Abaetetuba the frequency was 1,8 GHz. The results were validated by comparison between the simulations via Parabolic Equations and the measurements obtained at those environments. Besides that, the proposed model was compared with others models in the literature, and presented a good performance. An extension to the model was the consideration for angles in the paraxial direction up to 90º. In this case, was used the Fourier transform to solve the parabolic equation. The obtained results presented a good performance with improvement in the results for big angles up to 90°. The computational processing time using the formalism of EP is rather small.
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    Predição dos campos elétricos na faixa de ondas médias em ambiente rural utilizando equações parabólicas
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-12-19) SILVA, Alan Teixeira da; CAVALCANTE, Gervásio Protásio dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2265948982068382
    Brazil is carrying out trials to select the digital broadcasting standard to be adopted. Systems Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) and High Definition Radio (HD Radio) developed only for frequencies below 30 MHz allow operation with bandwidth compatible with that used in Brazil, opening the possibility of coexistence of analog and digital radio broadcasting. Especially in the range of medium wave, the prediction of field strength of the surface wave is essential for planning of broadcasting systems considering the effects of terrain in order to determine the coverage area of the seasons. To contribute to the planning and adjustment of the Basic Plan in Medium Wave Broadcasting - PMWB the inclusion of new stations operating primarily in on-channel simulcast, it becomes necessary to develop tools that enable the evaluation of soil characteristics where no provides accurate data, allowing a review of theoretical models to predict adoption, contributing to the deployment of digital radio in our country. This work presents the results of the Brazilian field trial carried out carried by ANATEL (Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações) and Radiobrás to analyze a DRM (Digital Radio Mondiale) system in the medium-wave band. A 50-kW ERP power omnidirectional ground-wave experimental DRM transmission at a frequency of 980 kHz was surveyed by means of a measurement vehicle for fixed and mobile reception. Several radial routes starting from the transmitter site suburban area around the capital of Brazil, Brasilia provided behavior features of the system. Field strength threshold values were determined for the tested transmission configurations and compared with a Parabolic Equation model prediction.
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    Propagação de ondas eletromagnéticas em meios com camadas múltiplas usando funções de Green diádicas e sua aplicação no modelamento de florestas
    (Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 1982) CAVALCANTE, Gervásio Protásio dos Santos; ROGERS, David Antony; GIAROLA, Attilio José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7834721061998959
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