Navegando por Assunto "Paisagem"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise geoecológica como subsídio ao planejamento ambiental da sub-bacia hidrográfica do igarapé ambé, Altamira-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-27) LOBATO, Alexandre Augusto Cardoso; PAULA, Éder Mileno Silva De; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647718165947306; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-2126; BORDALO, Carlos Alexandre Leão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1253955182585852
Although the Amazon Biome has an incalculable value for the balance and maintenance of life on the planet, in recent years it has suffered from the construction of controversial infrastructure works, in particular the opening of highways and construction of hydroelectric plants, such as the BR-230 Highway (Transamazônica) and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant, as happened in the Xingu River hydrographic basin, which caused and can still entail several modifications at different spatial scales, mainly at the local level. Therefore, it is extremely important to understand the functioning of these landscapes and their tendencies towards changes arising from human activities, thus providing subsidies to plan environmentally sustainable uses. Adopting the concept of hydrographic basins as a physical-territorial unit for measuring socio-environmental impacts and the geoecology of landscapes as a methodology for systemic environmental analysis, this research aims to study the operation and changes caused by the opening of the Transamazon Highway and its construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Complex in the Igarapé Ambé hydrographic sub-basin which has its territorial extension cut by the aforementioned highway and is located within the Direct Influence Area (AID) and the Directly Affected Area (ADA) of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Complex and that drain the urban area of the city of Altamira in the State of Pará. The analyzes show that 45% of the SBHA's landscapes are with active morphogenetic processes and 29% are with moderate environmental vulnerability and in a fragile stage of ecodynamic balance, which shows the importance of thinking about alternative uses for these landscapes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise integrada da paisagem e processos de erosão costeira na ilha de Atalaia, Salinópolis, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-27) SOUZA, Ewerton Müller da Silva; ANDRADE, Milena Marília Nogueira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1930321094483005; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5799-7321
The study aims to analyze the landscape and erosion susceptibility processes on Atalaia Island, Salinópolis, Pará, as a basis for coastal management policies. The objective unfolds in examining the coastline position between 2002 and 2022, identifying coastal dynamics through geoindicators, analyzing landscape units, and the degree of susceptibility to erosion on the island. To achieve the objectives, the study area was divided into three sectors: Espadarte, Atalaia, and Sofia. The materials and methods used include satellite images for a twenty-year multi-temporal analysis, with polygon change analysis techniques, areal and linear rates. For this assessment of coastal changes, the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) plugin was used in the Geographic Information System environment of ArcMap 10.5. The use of geoindicators was granted through field sheets with the identification of natural or anthropogenic elements that pointed to the movement of the coastline. For the landscape analysis, the theoretical basis of landscape geoecology and the use of geoprocessing to generate a map of landscape units were used. The study revealed areas of high susceptibility with 47,798m², mainly in sector A, in this sector, geoindicators such as the front strip of vegetation modified by erosion (44) and the presence of retaining walls and other constructions in contact with the beach arch or on the surface of estirance (64) stand out. The areas of moderate susceptibility were present, prominently in Sector B, with an area of 66,950m², in this sector, the geoindicators of water/sewage piping or energy poles, located on the beach arch in a situation of destruction by physical agents (54) and the presence of retaining walls and other constructions in contact with the beach arch or on the surface of estirance (62) stand out. The areas of low susceptibility to erosion were present, most evidently, in Sector C, with an area of 341,274.1m², in this sector, the geoindicator related to the width of the post-beach/sandy berm surface (70) stands out. The results of the landscape analysis allowed the understanding of the structure and functioning of the fluvio-marine plain, urban areas, open areas, moving dunes, and beach and post-beach. The investigation offers a dynamic perspective on the erosion processes of Atalaia Island from the employed methodology, thereby, the results indicate the need for more effective coastal management strategies, underlining the importance of an integrated approach that considers both physical and socioeconomic aspects to mitigate adverse impacts on local communities and the ecosystem.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise integrada da paisagem para avaliação da vulnerabilidade à perda de solo das margens da Baía de Marajó, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-11-30) GUIMARÃES, Ulisses Silva; COHEN, Marcelo Cancela Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8809787145146228
Marajó Bay is part of the Coastal Zone in the Amazon estuary, and it constitutes a form of "V" with intensive processes of erosion and progradation. The bay shores are the object of this study, from the west coast, represented by the west coast by Salvaterra and Soure municipalities, to the east coast of Mosqueiro Island. The purpose is to analyze the coastal environments adjacent to the Marajó Bay, with a systemic and integrated approach using thematic databases (geology, geomorphology, pedology, climatology and Use and Land Cover) and remote sensing images (Landsat TM 5 and MDE SRTM) to prepare maps syntheses of landscape units and vulnerability to loss of soil as a subsidy to coastal management. The main steps of this methodology are: i) atmospheric correction by dark-object subtraction, geometric correction by orthorectification, with supervised classification algorithm Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) through training samples to map the Use and Land Cover; ii) compilation, adaptation and classification to improve data of morphology; iii) development of derivatives geomorphometric; and, iv) integration of the thematic basis for map algebra, with an overlap equation for synthesis of the landscape units maps and another equation for the preparation of the arithmetic average map of vulnerability to loss of soil. The Marajo Bay shores have mostly the unit of Fields with 17.61% of the study area (50,483.16 ha), maximum altimetry of 58 m, the topography is flat and smooth, the relief were overwhelmingly straight and planar. The integrated data indicate that the pedogenetic processes prevail in only 3.58% (10,231.38 ha) of the study area. The areas in balance between morphogenic and pedogenetic processes correspond to 3.75% (10,737.63 ha), while morphogenesis is prevalent in 42.40% (121,317.39 ha). The superiority of morphogenic units shows the hazard of coastal environments per surface mechanisms, how substrate desegregation and erosion by processes of runoff and mass displacement.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análises das paisagens da ilha de Cotijuba: através do mapeamento das unidades geoambientais, Belém/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-02-21) SILVA, Elias Klelington Leocádio Rodrigues da; ALMEIDA, Arlete Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1511094180664778
The present research looks at the Cotijuba Island, Belém / PA, located in the island region of the municipality of Belém. The study turns to the geoenvironmental theme from the integrated analysis of the landscape. The choice of this study area is justified, because in the last decades Cotijuba has undergone a rampant urbanization process, with irrational use of its resources, generating deforestation for the extraction of wood and removal of sand for civil construction. Thus, we sought to map the geoenvironmental units of Cotijuba Island, based on a survey of the elements that make up the landscape. The methodology followed the following steps: Bibliographic survey that enabled the survey of concepts that were guiding factors for the development of the research, Field study that allowed the survey of data and analyzes that are only possible with the measurement in loco, and Laboratory study that was essential to the development of the research, using techniques of remote sensing and geoprocessing that linked to the GIS allowed the making of all cartographic products presented in the research. For the mapping of land use and land cover classes, the Envi 5.1 software was used for supervised classification, extracting a Kappa index of 0.96. For the study of landscape metrics of forest fragments, the software arcgis 10.1 was used from the extension Partch Analyzes. In both procedures, the Sentinel-2 satellite image from the year 2018 was used. For the production of the MDEs, the Alos Palsar radar image was used, which allowed the analysis of the island's altimetry and slope. The mapping of the variables: geology, geomorphology and pedology, were carried out using information collected in the field and analysis of the results obtained from the products made in the Sentinel-2 and Alos Palsar image, based on Florenzano's remote sensing techniques methodology ( 2007). In view of this, the mapping of the Five Geoenvironmental Units of Cotijuba Island was made, highlighting their general characteristics. The results showed that Cotijuba needs a Management and Management plan on a municipal scale aimed at conserving natural resources and promoting the generation of jobs and income for the local community. In this sense, it is expected that the products raised here will serve as subsidies for them. Thus, ecotourism and the implementation of ecological corridors are suggested as measures to mitigate the problems presented here.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Belém de Dalcídio ou história e experiência literária da paisagem urbana da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016) PRESSLER, Gunter Karl
Unlike many books on Amazon that insist on the myth and in the jungle, until today, our article addresses the issue of culture and literature in the Amazon from the historical-geographical perspective and the sine qua non condition of any cultural expression in modern sense, i.e., departing from the existence of the city with public life and politics published in newspapers, magazines and books, presupposing press, printings, literary circles and modern media. The first newspaper in the Amazon appeared already in 1822 had as editor in chief Felipe Patroni, the second one that circulated between 1824 and 1827, was directed by Don Romualdo de Seixas. With the opening of the free navigation of the Amazon River in 1867, naturalist travellers arrived to the Amazon, and with them greater attention to a public life and national and international information, in the last quarter of the 19th century, intense cultural and journalistic activities developed with editors and contributors. It should be noticed that the city in the 19th century had as inhabitants mostly native and slaves and a strong experience of popular culture. How did Belem and the interior of Para state change in the late 19th century, with the intensive extraction of rubber in the Amazon? Our study presents approaches of perception and urban living not by priests, architects or travelers, but by the modern novelist, Dalcídio Jurandir (1909-1979), in order to contribute on the issue of border between city and countryside and urban and regional experience in the environment dominated by water and forest.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica da paisagem e políticas públicas em Marabá: um olhar a partir do Programa Grande Carajás
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-16) COSTA, Marcos Reinan da Fonsêca; NAHUM, João Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009465125001273
The research presented here seeks to support the idea that the landscape must be thought of in conjunction with the action of public policies, assuming that changes in the landscape cannot be fully understood without considering the participation of State policies. This study aims to understand the space production process in the Municipality of Marabá between 1980 (T1) and 2019 (T2) from the landscape changes, considering the realization of the Grande Carajás Program (PGC) as an integral political event of this process. The scientific investigation of this work sought to follow the principles of integrated analysis, having as a field of study the municipality of Marabá, in the state of Pará, in the period between 1980 and 2019. Data were collected through bibliographic, documentary and cartographic research. from a methodological framework of integrated analysis. As a result, it appears that the landscape units analyzed in the initial time (T1) presented changes from the insertion of the PGC policy, changes that reflect in the reduction of vegetation coverage in the municipality, as well as in the expansion of consolidated and non-consolidated areas. less importantly, it affects the way of life of the population.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de degradação ambiental no espaço natural da praia de Ajuruteua (PA): percepção dos pescadores locais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05) RABELLO, Fabrício Khoury; SMITH JÚNIOR, Francisco Pereira; LOPES, Maria Lúcia Bahia; GARVÃO, Rodrigo Fraga; CORRÊA, Rosália do Socorro da Silva
The uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources has been generating a picture of environmental degradation that affects several Brazilian coastal ecosystems. In this context, the research aims to identify significant changes in the natural space of Ajuruteua beach in the perception of the fishermen village of fishermen located in Ajuruteua Island. For further integration in the environmental analysis, the issue was addressed with emphasis on the main actors and the interactions between the membership and the natural environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O fazer arqueológico no trabalho de campo em um sítio na Campina, Centro Histórico de Belém – pessoas, paisagem e cultura material
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-10-13) GOMES, Raimundo Ney da Cruz; ALVES, Daiana Travassos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1052501030312328; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0943-3200
This thesis, presented in three articles, seeks to relate people, landscapes, and material culture, three important concepts to anthropology and archaeology. The junctions and disjunctions between the three objects, an opportunity to produce history, are brought out by archaeological work in the excavation of a mansion located in the historic Centre of Belém, in Pará, which was registered in this research as an archaeological site called Sesc Ver-o-Peso. The thesis defended here is that in the historic Centre of Belém, people, landscape and material culture carry out complex exchanges and intersections, which tell stories/histories. These histories can be written through archaeological and anthropological investigation in their interface with the problematization of cultural heritage. This thesis will form the articles that make up this final doctoral work.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O meio natural na Amazônia paraense: paisagem, configuração espacial e dinâmica social
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-26) CARVALHO, Ana Cláudia Alves de; NAHUM, João Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009465125001273
This research is part of the project developed by the research group Territorial Dynamics of Rural Space in the Amazon - GDEA, in which Nahum (2018) proposes the use of geographic concepts that make it possible to analyze the Amazon region of Pará geographically and specifically its formation process. According to Nahum (2019), the Amazon went through a succession and coexistence of geographical environments, the natural environment being characterized by rural workers relations linked to extractivism; followed by a technical environment marked by an agrarian period linked to agricultural activities; and a technical scientific-informational environment, which is rural, with agro-industrial activities, making up the current panorama. The idea is defended that the natural environment to which the Amazon passed comprises the period from 1616 to 1966. The year 1616 marks the foundation of the city of Belém, and thus the beginning of the formation of the future General Company of Pará and Maranhão, defined as the starting point, and 1966 dates the beginning of “Operation Amazônia”, a set of investments aimed at the development of the region, as the point of arrival. Taking this into account, we support the thesis of the existence of a natural environment in the Amazon region of Pará, seeking to build a periodization of said area, to show the spatial movement that structured its formation. For this research, the landscape, spatial configuration, and social dynamics in these three and a half centuries will be characterized, and thus singularize the natural environment in the Amazon region of Pará. Thinking about such a concept requires us to understand that the existence of the geographic environments characterized by Santos and Silveira (2001) are spatial readings that have the technique as reference. This research aims to go beyond historical, economic, and sociological contributions, to raise evidence from a periodization as to how the landscape, spatial configuration and social dynamics of each period enabled the Amazon to reach its current stage. Considering the analytical methodology of the research, it is understood that space is the fundamental category to understand the idea of period, event, and periodization in Santos (2008). As an operational methodology, a bibliographical review was carried out on the Amazon region of Pará from 1616 to 1966, in order to build the necessary database to understand the landscape, spatial configuration and social dynamics of the study area. Incorporating Geography into the methodological process becomes a challenge that is sought to be overcome, however, here is an attempt.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pelos caminhos da cidade: experiência e percepção de paisagens em videoclipes na Amazônia contemporânea
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-03-22) COSTA, Victória Ester Tavares da; GONTIJO, Fabiano de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7539767705260462
Amazon has a history of diverse foreign imageations, which stigmatized it in simplified and exotic references. In this researh, I explore other landscapes of this region, those whose imaginary construction permeates the experiences and daily interactions that occur in it. The urban space becomes this few explored image of an area known for its fauna and flora. Artistic expressions, in turn, are a way to demonstrate perceptions and experiences of spaces, the music video does this through visuality and sonority, giving more elements that make it possible to (re)create imaginaries. Based on the particularities of this audiovisual genre and the choice of six music videos filmed on the streets of the city of Belém do Pará, I came to three groups of local interlocutors, whose I was able to dialogue about the daily life, experience and images of these spaces considering what is created and what is shown today about the city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Práticas agroecológicas na transformação de paisagens
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-12-22) AVIZ, Larissa Beatriz da Silva; CONDURÚ, Marise Teles; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6085807397296909; SIMÕES, Aquiles Vasconcelos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0471255070027912
This dissertation aimed to analyze how the agroecological practices, developed by the farmers of the Group for Agroecological Consumption, contribute to the transformation of the landscape and the constitution of socioagrobiodiversity. To achieve the proposed objective, the research, of qualitative approach, was carried out through field research with participant observation. In order to understand the farmers' ways of life and their relationship with natural resources, I adopted the cinematographic record of exploration. The analyses took place based on two stages that complement each other: satellite images and the life history of farmers in order to understand the changes in the landscape. The results of this work show that the agroecological practices of GRUCA’s farmers are alternatives for transforming landscapes degraded by predatory economic activities into agrobiodiverse landscapes. These farmers have, in their history, the presence of peasant agriculture, in such a way that some present a continuity of peasant agriculture; others, of resumption, while others have found, in agriculture, an alternative way of life. It is also noteworthy that the farmers' agroecological practices were perfected based on their life trajectories, interaction with natural, technical, and financial resources, and a network of people and social movements available in the territory. This perspective is reflected in the diversity of practices and also of landscapes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Toda planta tem Alguém com ela” – sobre mulheres, plantas e imagens nos quintais de mangueiras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-04-24) PEIXOTO, Lanna Beatriz Lima; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101
This work is a study about the relationship of women and backyards, with an emphasis on plant cultivation. The research took place in the Quilombola Community of Mangueiras, in Salvaterra, Archipelago of Marajó, Northern Brazil. From the experience with four women and their narratives, I aim to understand how the space is inhabited, how they build their landscapes. I understand backyards as a microcosm, studying the relationships established in/with it involves issues related to a several aspects of social life such as family, politics, cure and shamanism, and reveals ways and perspectives of seeing and living the Marajoara world. In Mangueiras, as in most of the quilombola communities in Salvaterra who are still fighting for the recognition of their lands, women played a decisive role in the political and identity process. They also have a leading role in other areas, including care for backyards and home gardens, implying the sphere of interactions between non-humans and humans; the concerns about their children, the subtle relationships with the sacred and the themselves. This knowledge is passed on through a network of transmission and exchange, often inherited from the relationships of mothers, daughters and grandparents. In this case, secrets, tactics of resistance of a culture, of the women of a people are also at stake. They are knowledge and practices that resist and reinvent themselves in the face of domination processes from the colonial period to the most recent processes of internal and external colonialism. Backyards and women cultivate each other over time towards take care of themselves and their people, reflecting the dominant patriarchal model. But it has a fundamental political facet, which keep these cultures alive, pulsating today.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A transformação na paisagem do reassentamento rural coletivo, Travessão km 27, Vitória do Xingu/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-12) ALVAREZ, Wellington de Pinho; COSTA, Danyelly Feitosa da; HERRERA, Raírys Cravo
The present work seeks to make an analysis of the landscape change of the Collective Rural Resettlement (RRC) located at Travissão km 27 of Vitória do Xingu / PA, which was built as a way to reward the riverside families affected by the Belo Monte HPP. To make this analysis will be used satellite images from the years 1991, 1997, 2007, 2011 and 2018, and classified land use and land cover in these years so that we can understand the current dynamics at the site and show that families currently use resettlement land for agriculture and livestock, thus being the main landscape shapers in the RRC.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Zoneamento geoambiental a partir das unidades de conservação: subsídios para a gestão integrada da zona costeira paraense - Brasil
(Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2020) ABREU, Walber Lopes de; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; FLORES, Maria do Socorro Almeida; RIBEIRO, Érika Renata Farias; TAMASAUSKAS, Carlos Eduardo Pereira; GASS, Sidnei Luís Bohn
Studies and the legal framework on the coastal zone in Brazil point to the need to develop the territorial planning of their occupation and ordering through the Economic-Ecological Zoning (ZEE) with a view to promoting the integrated management of natural resources with their preservation and conservation. In the Brazilian Amazon, the Protected Areas or Conservation Units (UC) are known as instruments of environmental management and were established for the purpose of conserving and preserving both inland and coastal environmental resources. In the Paraense Coastal Zone (ZCPA), UCs still suffer the effects of the absence of instruments that do not allow their effectiveness in the constitution of new protected scenarios. This article aims to present a proposal for ZCPA Geoenvironmental Zoning from the UCs established as a subsidy and contribution to environmental planning, having as analysis methodology the zoning proposed from the Hierarchical Analytical Process - AHP and the DPSIR model (Força, Pressure, State, Impact, Response). The Zoning presented can be used as an environmental diagnosis for the exercise of management and use of the territory as a starting point for the implementation of a territorial planning policy for the Coastal Zone of Pará (ZCPA).