Navegando por Assunto "Political representation"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Financiamento de campanha e doação de partidos: um estudo sobre a disputa eleitoral de candidatos LGBT+ às Câmaras Municipais (2016 - 2020)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-25) PINHEIRO, Fernanda do Nascimento; ALMEIDA, Naiara Sandi de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3451135311500060; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-3343-5097; SOUZA, Carlos Augusto da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7158504535308341
The political representation of minorities is essential for the construction of inclusive democratic institutions, enabling the demands of historically marginalised groups to be incorporated into public debate and the political landscape. The LGBT+ population represents a small group in the Brazilian Congress, but the growing number of candidates from this segment in the country's electoral disputes suggests a new horizon in the political representation of this group. Considering the social stigmatisation of this population both inside and outside the political arena, we question the reasons behind the low rate of LGBT+ candidates who were successful in the 2016 and 2020 elections. Specialised literature has pointed to the lack of symbolic capital and resources to finance electoral campaigns as factors that makes the electoral race more difficult. Thus, the main objective of this research is to analyse how inequalities in campaign financing influence the performance of LGBT+ candidates compared to heterosexual candidates in Brazilian municipal elections. We assume that (h1) LGBT+ candidates raise a lower rate of funds than heterosexual candidates; that (h2) racialised candidates receive lower funding than their non-racialised peers; and finally, that (h3) the distribution of campaign funds differs according to the political-ideological spectrum of the parties. Methodologically, we employed a quantitative method, using descriptive analyses of data collected from the Superior Electoral Court (TSE) and non-governmental organisations on the 2016 and 2020 municipal elections. The results pointed out that LGBT+ candidates raise fewer funds and that racialised candidates face more difficulties in terms of funding and electoral performance. In addition, a disparity was identified in the distribution of resources according to the political-ideological spectrum of the parties, with left-wing parties showing greater financial support than right-wing parties.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perfil sóciopolítico das representantes eleitas para o Parlamento em Moçambique (1994, 1999, 2004 e 2014)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-12-19) MACULUVE, Celeste Abel Cuad; SOUZA, Carlos Augusto da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7158504535308341
As a result of the impacts of democracy that has been felt in the last few decades by almost everyone, there is an expansion of spaces that allow greater political participation by citizens at all levels. Equitively, new perspectives of citizens' political participation took place, among them, perspectives aimed at gender factors, as a way of integrating and reducing the gender gap in the political sphere. In this sense, the present research work aimed to analyze which aspects of the socio-political profile impact the election of women to parliament in Mozambique. The study sought to identify the profile of women who are elected deputies for the Assembly of the Republic, in an analysis of four legislatures, since the first multiparty election, in 1994, 1999, 2004 and 2014. The research sought to evidence the existing relationship between the socio professional and political profile of parliamentarians and the influence of the electoral and party system in the Mozambican sphere for the election of these women, regarding institutions as legitimate channels for society's choices, as a whole. As a methodological resource it is seen as a qualitative and quantitative research, using the database on the women's curriculum where variables related to: educational background, profession, party identification, sex, age, marital status were extracted. In the meantime, aiming to show if there is a socio-political profile that explains the participation and representation of women for the Assembly of the Republic of Mozambique. Find out for a reality not far from what has been listed by various surveys, with the preference for male representatives not necessarily depending on the differentiation of the socio-political profile, as for both sexes they are similar. However, the election of women to Members of the Assembly of the Republic of Mozambique tends to depend on being a member of the traditional parties, especially those that serve as a support base for the executive; have experience or political trajectory (hold public and / or partisan positions). It is worth mentioning the importance of quotas, since the Frente Liberação de Moçambique Party (FRELIMO) is the party that elects women the most and is the only party that joined voluntary party quotas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Produção legislativa sobre mulheres no Senado Federal (2015 a 2022)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-20) ALVES, Camila Lobo da Gama; SOUSA, Rayza Sarmento de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2829775863179545; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-7941
This study focuses on legislative production concerning women in the Federal Senate, with an emphasis on the proposals made by male and female senators during the last two legislative periods, from 2015 to 2018 and from 2019 to 2022 (the 55th and 56th legislatures). The research discusses the relationships between group representation, with a focus on feminist authors, and addresses the internal dynamics of the Federal Senate's composition. Utilizing both quantitative and qualitative approaches, the study analyzes 134 bills introduced within the aforementioned timeframe, aiming to examine which themes are most frequent and which ones are most approved among the analyzed bills. Additionally, it investigates, based on gender and political party ideology, who proposes the most within these themes. The analysis reveals that the political party PODEMOS proposed the most within the analyzed theme, the state of Espírito Santo had the highest number of proposals, and 2019 was the year with the most activity. The most prevalent theme was violence against women, followed by policies on paternity and maternity, which were predominantly proposed by female legislators. Furthermore, the majority of the proposals originated from members of right-wing parties. By the end of the analysis period, at the close of the 56th legislature, 30 bills had been approved, and two had become laws.