Navegando por Assunto "Produtos florestais não-madeireiros"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Abundância e diversidade de palmeiras no Distrito Florestal Sustentável da rodovia BR-163, Pará, Brasil
(2011-09) SALM, Rodolfo Aureliano; JARDIM, Mário Augusto Gonçalves; ALBERNAZ, Ana Luisa Kerti Mangabeira
The abundance and diversity of palm species, as well as its relationship with forest structure were investigated in two study areas in the Sustainable Forest District of the BR-163 road. As such, forty parcels of 0.04 ha (20 × 20 m) were established in a pristine forest in the Amazonia National Park, and another forty parcels in a area submitted to timber logging in the Tapajos National Forest. In each parcel, all the trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm were measured and the adult palms were identified and counted. We verified that although the exploited forest of the Tapajos National Forest is structurally more open than the forest in the national park, it still has a quantity and diversity of palms inferior to the national park, probably due to the dispersal limitation of palms and the relatively recent logging activities. We concluded that exploitation potential of palms in native forests of the region is extremely limited by the natural scarcity of palms in native forests of economic potential, but could be amplified with the deliberate planting of useful species, with benefits for the natural dynamics of the forest.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos do manejo do açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) sobre a avifauna em florestas de várzea estuarina na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-30) NUNES, Raphael de Vasconcelos; LEES, Alexander Charles; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8887958109144699; LOPES, Maria Aparecida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3377799793942627
Human actions and use of natural resources, by removing plant species, food resources or altering the environment’s structure, may have indirect effects on animal communities. The expansion of açaí (Euterpe oleracea) production has been altering floodplain forests through its management actions, resulting in environmental degradation and even substitution of forest for plantation areas, thus causing floristic empoverishment. In this paper we investigate the effects of this species management on the structure of bird community in an insular system of the Amazon River delta. Our hypothesis was that we would find less bird species diversity on managed areas (low and high intensity management) compared to non-managed forest fragments due to the environmental degradation caused by this practice. To assess the diversity and abundance of bird species we conducted point counts with auditory recordings and observations in three sites per treatment. We found a decrease tendency in bird species richness in intensively managed areas; but didn’t detect any changes on bird abundance and diversity in areas managed for açaí fruit production. We found alterations on bird community composition, being this more homogenous in managed areas. The effects of açaí management upon the fauna are still hard to detect but may arise in the future and our results point to the homogenization and species loss in areas subjected to intense management, causing birdlife empoverishment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Exploração de recursos florestais não madeireiros pelos Mẽbêngôkre-Kayapó da aldeia Las Casas - terra indígena Las Casas, no sudeste do Pará: aspectos biológicos, sociais e econômicos relevantes para a sustentabilidade da comercialização
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-12) GONZÁLEZ PÉREZ, Sol Elizabeth; MITJA, Danielle; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3686851570084502; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
This thesis analyzes the different types of non-timber forest products use on Indigenous Land Las Casas, as well as the importance of them to Mẽbêngôkre people of village Las Casas subsistence. Besides that, the thesis describes the use and the ways that the products and the community of Las Casas follow through market. The research was a combination of interdisciplinary methods and techniques of biological sciences, and human sciences, finally using techniques of ethnobotany, and geographic information systems. To understand the current context of the use of non-timber forest products and the integration into the market, it was conducted an analyzes of the history of occupation of Indigenous Land Las Casas, the dynamics of the use of land through the processing of Landsat satellite images, and the different types of soil were described by Mẽbêngôkre-Kayapó village of Las Casas occupation, also with the plants and resources used, that is the traditional economy of this people. I also analyzed the different forms of relationship of Mẽbêngôkre Kayapó with the surrounding society and how these influenced the market integration and different economic activities, highlighting in Las Casas to entering the market through Mẽkunhêre and Me à yry Las Casas projects. I found that the Indigenous Land Las Casas presents a dynamic use of the land guided by deforestation events and recovery of deforested areas. In this way, the Kayapó people recognize and classify different types of land use between that stand out savannas and forests, and disturbed areas resulting from the occupation by squatters in the area, for the establishment of cattle ranches. The classification of land use by Kayapó people from Las Casas was compatible to that obtained by the satellite Landsat-8, yet the Kayapó differentiate occupations that the image cannot be recognized, as are babaçuais, pequizais, barns, fields and humid areas. In these territories, the Kayapó people hunt, fish, and cultivate their traditional way fields. Among the plant species used for their livelihoods, identify and explore at least 95 useful species distributed in 36 families and 72 botanicals genera. For these species were raised 21 different uses grouped into eight categories of use. The species that were highlighted uses for subsistence and production of material culture belong to the family Arecaceae (Attalea speciosa Mart., Mauritia flexuosa L.f., Oenocarpus distichus Mart) e Caryocaraceae (Caryocar brasiliense A.St.-Hil.) and Caryocaraceae (Caryocar brasiliense A.St.-Hil.). These species are managed by them and are part of resource exchange network between villages, which ensures the circulation of different crop varieties, and raw materials used in the production of objects intended for ritual life and commercialization. Finally, for the commercialization in a sustainable manner the fruits of babassu and pequi, would be necessary to develop management plans for both species. In this way, the activity that provides more income opportunities is the commercialization of handicrafts. Even so, there are still aspects that should be improved. Especially in Ngonh-rôrô-kre association and community organization.