Navegando por Assunto "Propriedade rural"

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise espacial das mudanças na cobertura e uso da terra em Santarém e Belterra, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) CASTRO, Williams Martins; VENTURIERI, Adriano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8968863324073508; BATISTELLA, Mateus; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1337579164863601
Through a case study, this work tests how the delimitation of the study area may influence the results of multiscale analyses in spatial processes of land-use and landcover change in the Amazon. Within the municipal limits of Santarém and Belterra in western Pará State, three levels of analysis were defined. The first level encompasses a rectangular region that was arbitrarily defined as the Santarém subregion. The second level, which encompasses part of the first level, corresponds to an established agricultural settlement, defined by the set of limits of property lots designed by INCRA in the 1970’s. The third level corresponds to the zones of influence of four different roads located within the established agricultural settlement, subdivided into sub areas North and South, comprising a total of eight sub areas within the second level of delimitation. For each level of analysis, landscape metrics were calculated based on land-use and land-cover thematic maps for 1986, 1997, and 2005, also analyzed with basis on field surveys. The results show that the peculiarities of the occupation dynamics in each level allow for a better identification of patterns and processes revealed by the landscape structure. In particular, it is clear there is a continuation of processes of landscape fragmentation and expansion of intensive agriculture at different rates in distinct portions of the study area. The results obtained for the three levels of analysis are complementary, allowing for a better understanding of land-use and land-cover changes as well as their driving forces.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Direito de propriedade e justiça distributiva no Brasil: ampliação das capacidades como forma de combater a pobreza rural
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015) SÁ, João Daniel Macedo; TRECCANI, Girolamo Domenico; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4319696853704535
This work discusses property rights relations from the modern notion of distributive justice. It analyzes the extent to which rural private property constitutionally defined favors a notion of distributive justice compatible with the foundations of the democratic State based on the rule of law. It is based on egalitarian liberal thinking of John Rawls, to defend the role of justice in preserving the freedom of the individual, while considering that the value of dignity implies equal access to political, social, and, to some extent, of economic goods, that should be ensured mainly by the state. It is argued that in a just society, everyone should receive equal share of the benefits that society provides and of the costs that it requires. Supporting this idea, it is also based on Amartya Sen thoughts to argue that property right is intrinsically important, but also instrumentally valuable to enable individuals to achieve development. Further, the thesis argues that the classical liberal notion of property-liberty, which generates the absolute and exclusive power over the thing, and the social notion of property-duty, based on social function, converges on the notion of property-capacity, whose focus is on promoting real freedom of choice for individuals. The work will demonstrate that the State must, in order to fight rural poverty, and for the sake of justice, ensure more equitable access to ownership rights of rural lands in the country. It presents, based on government statistics, a criticism to rural development policies for not giving the correct approach for individuals to obtain the set of capabilities and functioning’s associated with the minimum conditions for a worthy life. The land issue is directly linked to income and wealth, but poverty has multiple dimensions that prevent the exercise of basic capabilities, putting people in situations of extreme hardship and deprivation. Public policies should seek the expansion of human capabilities, and if the right to property integrates this list of capabilities, then it must be guaranteed to all.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo comparativo do uso da terra em unidades de produção familiar no Nordeste Paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) MOREIRA, Aninha Melo; VENTURIERI, Adriano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8968863324073508
The historical context of territorial formation of the Paraense Northeast, is related with the several occupation periods that the Amazonian area suffered, from the origins of the colonization, going by the migratory flows, starting from the decade of 1950, until his/her current configuration. The Paraense Northeast is composed by Salgado's microrregiões, Bragantina, Cametá, Guamá and Tomé-Açu, occupying about 135 thousand squared kilometers, in other words, 10,6% of the state surface, including 49 municipal districts, possessing 1,8 million inhabitants, 27% of the state population. After almost a century of use the virgin forest areas are part of the past. The pattern of use of the earth bases on the handling of portions of secondary forest, in rotation with annual cultures and the implantation of perennial cultures and of pastures. In this context this work aimed at to understand the dynamics of the use of the earth in units of family production, for like this to subsidize alternatives for the planning of the properties. The research was accomplished in thirty three units, disposed in the municipal districts of Bragança (it presents an older occupation, with different occupation reports and use of the earth, approximately 300 years), Capitão Poço (it represents an occupation and use middlemen, 60 years) and Garrafão do Norte (with a process of more recent occupation about 20 years). the methodology based on the direct observation, in the application of questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, photographic registrations, elaboration of mental maps and use of the System of Geographical Information, for construction of thematic maps and analysis of the satellite images. It can be observed that the use pattern if it doesn't differentiate in the three areas, because it is not the atmosphere only that it will influence in the established practices, but each farmer's culture, in other words, his/her cultural load that it is printed on the territory. It was verified that the landscape of a property will be more or less fragmented in function of the number of people that you/they make use of her. The secondary vegetation is an important element in this dynamics, because his/her presence or absence will contribute more or less to a property to be resilient the pressures of markets, in other words, the existence of this forest resource, together with other productive systems, they allow that property to have a variety of products to be made available in the sphere of the family and to the market. It is like this necessary that strategies of planning of the property are elaborated, to guarantee the social and environmental sustainability.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O trabalho escravo contemporâneo como fator de descumprimento da função social da propriedade rural
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-09-18) MELO, Herena Neves Maués Corrêa de; TRECCANI, Girolamo Domenico; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4319696853704535
This study aims to analyze the non fulfilment of the homestead social function linked to the reduction of the number of workers in a condition akin to slaves, considering that the Federal constitution of 1988 indicated the human being dignity fundamental for the democratic State of Right, as well as it emphasized, in the set of requirements for the fulfillment of the property social function, art. 186, the observance of laws that regulate the labor relations and the exploration in order to promote the proprietor’s and the workers’ well-beig. In this study, the homestead social function is analyzed as an element inherent to the recent concept of property right. Considering the property social function as structural to the property right, that is to say, the agrarian property right exists to fulfil a necessary function for the society. The inobservance of this social-functionality, drives the related right to its proper extinction, and it takes back from the State the obligation to protect the condition of proprietor of the one who does not fulfil. According to this, the expropriation of properties where the workers are in condition akin to slaves would be a suggestion to invigorate the dogma of the homestead right. Concerning to the property social function, it is necessary to understand the concept of this principle, selected by the Brazilian Political Letter in several articles. It is a plastic concept that can vary according to the objectives defined by the State as possibilities of environmental-economical-social development. So, the approach of this study has the objective to observe the humanity values in a detailed way, based on the Republican Letter, and focusing on the content of the property right and the human being’s dignity.