Navegando por Assunto "Qualidade ambiental"

Agora exibindo 1 - 14 de 14

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Capacidade de carga recreacional, percepção dos usuários e qualidade da água em três praias turísticas da Costa amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-08-29) SOUSA, Rosigleyse Corrêa de; COSTA, Rauquírio André Albuquerque Marinho da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4504677939464624; PEREIRA, Luci Cajueiro Carneiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9883400404823218
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribuição espacial e avaliação de indicadores de contaminação de sedimentos por metais em um estuário tropical de macromaré, Baía de São Marcos, Norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-03-30) CUNHA, Ivson Roberto Viana da; KUTTER, Vinícius Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6652786694334612; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-6800; SOUZA FILHO, Pedro Walfir Martins e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3282736820907252
The estuaries are areas of great ecological importance for having the role of nursery, feeding and reproduction area for several aquatic species, in addition to housing large metropolitan and industrial. However, they are exposed to various types of contaminants, including metals because of anthropic action. In this context, the estuary of São Marcos Bay (SMB) in northern Brazil, which has an urban area with more than one million inhabitants and the port area with the largest cargo transport in the country (182 million tons in 2021). The present study evaluated the presence of metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the surface sediments of São Marcos Bay adjacent to São Luís Island and the quality of the sediments, their relationship with granulometry, total organic carbon (TOC) and in the classification of geochemical indices. Surface sediments were collected with the aid of a Gibbs dredger, in two sectors of the SMB, one adjacent to the port area and the other to the São Luís metropolitan região. In the laboratory, the samples were submitted to the granulometric analysis process by laser diffraction; determination of metals by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the total organic carbon content by means of the catalytic combustion method at high temperature. The results demonstrate a strong correlation between metal concentrations, granulometry and TOC. Since Cr and Zn showed high concentrations observed in sector A in areas with a predominance of fine sediments and high TOC content. In sector A the median was 16 μg/g (Cr), 4.6 μg/g (Cu), 6.5 μg/g (Ni), 4.6 μg/g (Pb) and 18 μg/g (Zn). While in sector B: 9 μg/g (Cr), 2.2 μg/g (Cu), 3.7 μg/g (Ni), 3 μg/g (Pb) and 7 μg/g (Zn). The evaluation of the concentration of metals in the BSM sediments showed that, according to the criteria adopted by CONAMA 454/12 and NOAA, the analyzed metals present concentrations below those that could cause some type of adverse effect on the biota, and therefore, affect the balance of the ecosystem. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) shows variations from moderately to heavily polluted for the analyzed metals. However, these classifications are not supported by other methods. For example, the contamination factor and the enrichment factor appreciated that the area has low contamination and a low enrichment for metals. The use of local background values, observing that the use of reference values for the continental crust or for shales (PASS) tends to overestimate the infection indicators.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribuição espaço-temporal das larvas de peixe e sua relação à hidrodinâmica e à qualidade da água no entorno das ilhas do Combu e Murucutu, Belém - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) WANDERLEY, Clarissa Maria da Silva; MENEZES, Maria Ozilea Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4537440664948152; SARPEDONTI, Valérie; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2358097649881792
In order to compensate for the lack of information on fish larvae communities in the Amazonians region, this study aims to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of larval density, diversity in relation to taxa and development stages. Data collected were related to water quality and hydrodynamic features at sample stations. Samples were taken in October/2008, January, April and July/2009 according to the pluviometric index. Samplings occurred in the Guama and Benedito Rivers bordering the Combu and Murucutu Islands as well as in the Paciência Canal which separates the two islands. The larvae were captured towing a conical plankton net with 330 μm mesh size, 0.5 m of diameter and 2.5 m in length. In parallel surface water were taken, for water quality analysis, and data hydrodynamic. Data were registered included univariate (ANOVA) and multivariate (PCA; RDA) approaches. Larval community included 4.983individuals distributed among the Clupeidae, Engraulidae, Sciaenidae, Carangidae, Tetraodontidae and Hemiramphidae families. The families Clupeidae and Engraulidae dominated, followed by the Sciaenidae family. The peak of larvae as well as the highest density of preflexion stage was registered in October/2008, during dry season pointing at a major spawning event. The Paciência Canal presented a higher larval abundance on its northern side, probably in relation to the strong water flow from the Guamá River. Moreover, the Paciência Canal presented differentiated larval densities for presenting more favorable environmental characteristics. In the area east of the Guamá River larvae were also abundant probably represent a less agitated than the area west. In the East side of the Guamá River larvae were also abundant, probably due to its quieter water when compared to the West side that received the ebbing waters of the Paciência Canal. Among all the parameters taken into considerations, the hydrodynamic were the only ones who showed the best associations to the larval communities. Distribution of larvae at different development stages remained constant over time. Taxa distribution only presented different in October/2008. Diversity and larval density was considered low, which may be related to huge input of freshwater. Water quality was not considered as a limiting factor for fish larvae growth and survival. Water dynamic in the Paciência Canal indicated that there is a restriction in the transport of fish larvae between Guamá and Benedito Rivers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de perturbações antrópicas sobre os fatores ambientais e espaciais na estruturação de metacomunidades de insetos aquáticos na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-07) OLIVEIRA, Stéfany Vitória Santos; FARIA, Ana Paula Justino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6041546003155327; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2729-5358; SANTOS, Raphael Ligeiro Barroso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7227882802366966; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9717-5461
Anthropogenic pressures resulting from changes in land use have great potential to impact the dynamics of aquatic insect metacommunities, once they alter the environmental quality of streams, and may impose barriers to dispersal. The objective of this study is to evaluate the structuring of aquatic insect assemblages (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera orders - EPT) in Amazonian streams under natural conditions (control streams) and under disturbance by human activities (altered streams) is influenced by characteristics of fluvial habitats and by the spatial structure. Our hypotheses is that in control streams, habitat characteristics are the main structuring factor of EPT assemblages, and that in altered streams, habitat characteristics related to human disturbances and spatial structure are the main assemblage structuring factors. A total of 74 streams were sampled in the Capim River basin, Pará, Brazil, wich 38 are control streams and 36 are altered streams. In each of them, environmental variables associated with water chemistry, channel hydromorphology, sediment types, riparian vegetation and insect shelter were measured, in addition to the proportion of land uses and EPT assemblages. Our results showed that several environmental characteristics of the streams were affected by human activities. Environmental factors had a greater influence on the structuring of EPT assemblages than the other factors evaluated, both in the control and altered streams. The influence of the spatial factor was weak. The assemblages of altered streams were structured both by environmental variables affected by disturbances and by variables subject to natural variation, demonstrating that the assemblages in these environments are not governed only by environmental changes. Our study demonstrates the importance of the species sorting process in metacommunities of Amazonian streams, and the role of disturbance in this process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos em sedimentos e organismos bentônicos do Terminal de Miramar (Baía do Guajará - Belém - Pará - Amazônia)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-01-14) SANTOS, Camila Carneiro dos; CORRÊA, José Augusto Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6527800269860568
In Guajará bay, mouth of the Amazon River, is located the capital of Pará state (Belém) and its metropolitan area. Exists in this area an intense boat traffic, as well as transportation and sale of fuels in floating docks and activities related to the storage and transportation of oil in Miramar Petrochemical Terminal (TEMIR). Small spills and discharges of oil in water can serve as sources of pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs are organic compounds generated by incomplete combustion of organic matter (OM) and are among the contaminants of most interest in environmental studies due to their mutagenic and carcinogenic potential. One way to detect and evaluate the impact of PAHs in an environment is using biomonitors, however the qualitative and quantitative analysis in sediments are most widely used. This study aimed to evaluate, by Gas hromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), the 16 PAHs considered as priority by the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States in sediments and benthic organisms (Namalicastys abiuma) of TEMIR. Field expeditions were carried out in December 2012, March, May and June 2013 representing the dried, wet (two samples) and dried seasons successively. Fine sediments levels dominated in both sampling periods and the %Fines in Guajará bays has a direct relationship to the %OM. In relation to the 16 PAHs studied, 10 of them were detected in the wet season sediments samples and 8 in the dried season. Even with a low diversity of aromatic compounds, sediment samples of the dried season presented greater ΣHPAs (1.351,43 ng g-1) than the sediments of the wet season (263,99 ng g-1), which can be related to the increased hydrodynamic in Guajará bay this last period. Correlation analysis indicated that ΣHPAs not seem to be influenced by %Fine and %OM. Benzo(a)pyrene accounted for 87% of ΣHPAs during the wet season, the other PAHs showed percentage ≤ 3%. During the other period stood out: pyrene (18% of ΣHPAs) fluoranthene (16%), the chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene (15%) and benzo(a)pyrene (11%). The use of the geochemical reason to interpret likely sources of PAHs indicated that there is a predominance of aromatics from pyrolytic origin in TEMIR. The activities that may be responsible for the PAHs levels observed in sediments and benthic organisms in TEMIR are the discharge of untreated domestic sewage and the emissions of particulates from cars and small/medium boats. The ΣHPAs seems to influence the density of polychaetes because a reduction of about 50% in the number of organisms was observed during the dry season when there was the greater amount of ΣHPAs in their body structure. Among the 16 PAHs studied, 11 were detected in the polychaetes during the dry season (ΣHPAsMED = 848,71 ng g-1) and 10 in the wet season (ΣHPAsMED = 141,85 ng g-1). Were highlighted during the dried season: indeno(1,2,3-c,d) pyrene (47%) and pyrene (23%). While in the wet season: pyrene (23%), chrysene (17%), fluorene (17%) and fluoranthene (13%). The %Rec obtained was >>100% indicating a matrix effect and reducing the quantitative accuracy of results. The use of the polychaete N. abiuma as biomonitor of pollution by PAHs in estuaries not seem to be effective when the sample period is limited, because collecting it requires a great effort to obtain a small amount of mass and it still results in a matrix effect in the chromatographic analysis (method %Rec >> 100%) that may not be corrected due to the restricted availability of sample mass. Studies with a larger number of samples, enabling depth statistical analysis, and covering other collection points in Guajará bay are required to prove mathematically that has been stated in this dissertation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ictiofauna como indicadora da qualidade ambiental na Baía do Gaujará (Belém-PA), estuário amazônico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-11-10) VIANA, Andréa Pontes; FRÉDOU, Thierry; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8119220407894290; FRÉDOU, Flávia Lucena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4779271407117528
The Guajará Bay (Belém-PA Metropolitan Area) belongs to the Amazonian estuary and is the geographic accident that most undergoes urban influence. Thus, this work aimed to carry out a study on the health conditions of the estuarine zone of the Bay of the Guajará, by studying the impact of effluent direct release on the water quality using icthyofauna as ecological indicator. Five stations, located in the main channel (4) and igarapés (very narrow arm of the river) (1) were considered contaminated and three references, 2 in main channel and 1 in the igarapé, were selected. Stations have been sampled 4 times along a year. A total of 567 individuals of 40 species have been captured, and the main taxa reported was Siluriforms. The relative abundance in number of individuals (CPUEn) at the main channel showed greater values in December (S/C). Significant catch variation was observed between stations of the Igarapé. The majority of species in igarapés as well as the main channel was considered as occasional. This visiting fauna uses the area for reproduction, nursery and feeding. This choice is due to the food and shelter availability. In terms of diversity, the main channel showed similar results between the periods and stations. The igarapés presented a significant difference between stations only. The multivariate analysis show a clear difference between the icthyofauna inhabiting the main channel and the one caught in igarapés. The species captured in the channel presented, to a large extent, migratory habits, moving between limnological-estuarine and estuarine-coastal environments. Conversely, in igarapés, most species were freshwater species, with individuals carrying out only restricted migrations within the igarapé. Considering the main channel, December (transition dry-rain season) catch was significantly different from others sampled periods. Igarapés catches varied significantly between seasons. The BIO-ENV analysis could not identify environmental factors that would be influencing community structure. We could not identify a direct impact on the fish community by pollutant release from the city of Belém. A biostimulation phenomenon is reported, and may be an initial warning for the potential organic pollution leading to the environment, eutrophisation. This may cause irreparable damages for the environmental and the population that utilizes this place as a resource.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A ictiofauna no monitoramento da qualidade ambiental em um distrito industrial do estuário amazônico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) VIANA, Andréa Pontes; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081; FRÉDOU, Flávia Lucena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4779271407117528
The district of Vila do Conde, in the municipality of Barcarena, is a prominent industrial hub, constituting a risk factor for water quality. Given this, the present study focused on the environmental quality of the aquatic habitats adjacent to this site, using the fish community as a bioindicator and liver two species of fish as a biomarker histopathological. The collection of abiotic data (water samples) and fish specimens was organized in three distinct zones, representing different levels of impact. Zone 1 was located in the vicinity of the Vila do Conde cargo terminal, where the risk of contamination was highest. Zone 2 was in the Capim Island, located on the border between the municipalities of Bacarena and Abaetetuba, classified as a median risk area due to its relative proximity to the port. Zone 3 was in Onças Island, which was classified as minimum risk, due to its distance from the industrial district of Vila do Conde. Two different types of environment – the main river channel and marginal tidal creek were sampled in all three zones. Samples were collected every two months, covering the region’s principal climatic periods - rainy-dry transition (June 2009), dry season (September 2009), dry-rainy transition (January 2010), rainy season (April 2010), in one year collection. Data was collected using monofilament gillnets and block net. Aiming to evaluate the water quality considering different tools, this study was divided into three parts. In the the first part, the icthyofauna was used as an bioindicator of water quality (Chapter 1). In the second part, two species abundant with different feeding habits, Plagioscion squamosissimus and Lithodoras dorsalis, to assess the health of the environment through the use of liver as a biomarker histopathological (Chapter 2). Finally, all families of descriptors (chapters 1 and 2), were combined into biological integrity indexes in chapter 3. The analysis of the icthyofauna as an bioindicator showed differences in the composition between zones and environments (main channel and tidal creek), for the different groups of descriptors. Considering the 77 species captured, only 23 species were recorded in comparison with the less impacted areas. Also, large fish were least common in zone 1. In the present study, the smaller proportion of larger-sized fish recorded in the impacted areas may reflect an ecological response to anthropogenic disturbance. Biomarker analysis, carried out through the liver histopatologic study, was efficient to detect the influence of antropogenic factors in the heatlh of P. squamosissimus e L. dorsalis. The MAV (Mean Assessment Values), HAI (Histological Alteration Index) e o MDS (multidimensional scaling) analysis all indicated clear differences between the areas surveyed. The alterations were more severe (in some cases, irreversible) in zone 1, which was closest to the port and the industrial district. The principal alterations observed in the tissue of both species included an increase in the number of melanomacrophagous centers, fatty degeneration, inflammation, congestion, hepatitis, and focal necrosis. The hepatic alterations observed in the present study were generally more intense in the carnivorous P. squamosissimus, which feeds mainly on shrimp in the region of the study area. Though integrity indexes, all community information were combined into metrics. In the present study, considering the ABC curve, in the main channel and creek, the zones 1 and 2 were classified as moderately disturbed, which predicts an increase in the relative abundance of opportunistic species. The BHI (Estuarine biological health index), EFCI (Estuarine fish community índex), TFCI (Transitional fish classification índex) e EBI (Estuarine biotic integrity index) were considered to be excellent indicators of the ecological integrity of the different sectors of the study area, and were especially effective for the demonstration of the critical alterations of the fish community of zone 1. It was also possible to identify alterations to the environment of zone 2. The procedures adopted in the present study were nevertheless adequate for the detection of the alterations to the environment which have occurred in the vicinity of the town’s industrial district and cargo terminal and are able to be replicted in others estuarine areas. However, more reliable information on the bio-accumulation of heavy metals in these species will be necessary. This is especially important due to the prominence of both species in the diet of the local communities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência da sazonalidade sobre as águas estuarinas dos furos da ilha de Colares (baía do Marajó)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12-17) GUIMARÃES, Robledo Hideki Ebata; EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707365981163429
The characterization of surface and interstitial waters in estuaries is critical to unravel the environmental conditions, environmental quality and seasonal changes, which may occur in smaller space such as the hole in the island of Colares. This work aims to show the influence of seasonality in estuarine waters in the north and south of the mouth of the hole island of Colares and the contribution of pore waters to surface waters. The physical and chemical parameters and nutrients are included: rainfall (IP), temperature, salinity, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, suspended particulate matter, dissolved oxygen, Secchi depth, nitrate, nitrite, N-ammonia, phosphate, silicate and sulfate. The determination of these parameters occurred simultaneously in each mouth of the hole necklaces over a tidal cycle (13 hours) in rainy (04/10/2013) and drier (10/05/2013) periods. The results show that seasonality affects abiotic conditions of estuarine waters bore the island of Colares and deduces that P1 is the most important factor to effect the changes of physical and chemical parameters, and especially the higher charge mobility, availability and distribution of dissolved nutrients, which were found in higher concentrations in the rainy season. Although the nutrients nitrate and N-ammonia were considered very high at the mouth North, possibly related to the influence of anthropogenic activities. However were considered within the limits established by CONAMA Resolution 357/05. Mouth occurred in South pH levels outside the standard stipulated by Resolution CONAMA, but the phenomenon was considered natural since in this specific is distant from anthropogenic activities. In less rainy period the N-ammonia was found to be absent in mouth North and South. The mangrove was considered as a source of salinity, silicate and sulfate to surface waters.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mapeamento geoquímico por sedimentos de corrente da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Capim-Pa: definição de valores de baseline geoquímico e aplicação de índices ambientais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-01-16) SERRA, Julio Richard Furtado; MARQUES, Eduardo Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8256609331887637; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-1133-9408; KÜTTER, Vinicius Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6652786694334612; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-6800
Geochemical mapping plays a key role in both mineral prospecting and environmental studies. Initially used to identify geochemical anomalies associated with mineral deposits, these studies have gained relevance in the field of environmental geochemistry, enabling the monitoring of soil, water, and sediment quality. The Geological Survey of Brazil (SGB) conducts geochemical survey projects across the national territory. One such project, carried out between 2009 and 2012, called "Multi-use Geochemistry," covered the Capim River Watershed (CRW) area and generated a geochemical sediment dataset for the region. The objective of this research was to use this available data to create multielemental geochemical maps and define baseline geochemical values, particularly for potentially toxic elements. The survey included the collection of 276 stream sediment samples with a sampling density of approximately one sample every 150 km². The samples were processed in the laboratory for analysis by ICP-OES and ICP-MS with hydride generation for Hg. In total, 52 elements were analyzed (Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ge, Hf, Hg, In, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Ni, P, Pd, Pb, Pt, Rb, Re, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Sn, Sr, Ta, Te, Th, Ti, U, V, W, Y, Zn, and Zr). For statistical treatment, statistical summaries were calculated along with box plots, histograms, and normal probability curves using log-transformed data for univariate statistics; Spearman correlation for bivariate statistics; and factor analysis (FA) to define multielemental associations in multivariate statistics. Three methods were applied to calculate the geochemical baseline (BG), including the Median ± 2*Median Absolute Deviation (mMAD), Tukey's Inner Fence (TIF), and Percentiles (98, 95, 90, 75). The results revealed important geochemical distribution trends, with a particular focus on potentially toxic elements. In total, 28 elements (Ag, Al, Ba, Bi, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hf, Hg, La, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sc, Sn, Sr, Th, Ti, U, V, Y, Zn, and Zr) underwent more complex statistical tests, while 24 elements were not tested due to ≥30% of the data being below the detection limit. Correlation analyses showed that there were 7 correlations with significance values greater than 0.65 and 6 acceptable correlations with values between 0.575 and 0.65. It was observed that Cr levels exceeded the values stipulated by the resolution in all three methods analyzed: TIF (73.11 mg.kg⁻¹), mMAD (46.76 mg.kg⁻¹), and 98th Percentile (43.00 mg.kg⁻¹). In the lithological unit analysis, Cr anomalies were most pronounced for the siliciclastic rocks of the Barreiras Formation, with TIF (182.94 mg.kg⁻¹), mMAD (90.88 mg.kg⁻¹), and Percentiles 98th (66.28 mg.kg⁻¹), 95th (62.20 mg.kg⁻¹), 90th (52.60 mg.kg⁻¹), and 75th (40.52 mg.kg⁻¹), as well as in Lateritic Covers with TIF (81.76 mg.kg⁻¹) and mMAD (46.49 mg.kg⁻¹). The mMAD method was considered the most conservative and robust, without overestimating the upper limit values. Factor analysis allowed the identification of 7 factors, and along with the spatial mapping of the scores, it was possible to identify the geochemical associations, which primarily reflect the geological influence in these sediments, with lateritic terrains, iron oxyhydroxides, and aluminossilicatic clastic rocks being the main factors responsible for the distribution of the elements. Geochemical and environmental indices were calculated, such as the Enrichment Factor, Contamination Factor, Modified Contamination Degree, and Potential Ecological Risk Index. These indices indicated that, in several microbasins, there are signs of geological sources, but they mainly point to the northern, western, and southwestern areas of the CRW as the most contaminated. These approaches enabled the identification of contaminated areas, especially related to Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb, whose concentrations exceeded the limits established by CONAMA Resolution 454/2012 at several points in the basin. However, it is worth noting that the normative uses reference values for total sediment, and the results of the present work are overestimated compared to this standard. Nevertheless, the use of environmental indices must be done with caution, as there are limitations that, when analyzed in isolation, may provide information not entirely aligned with local reality, either overestimating or underestimating data. It is important to highlight that, despite presenting higher concentrations of these elements, the values found are still lower than those found in geochemical provinces with mineralizations. This indicates a strong influence of superficial geochemical processes in the adsorption of Cr, Cu, Ni, and other potentially toxic metals in iron oxyhydroxides. Furthermore, the study reaffirms the use of the mMAD method as the most robust and suitable for defining baselines and the use of geochemical distribution maps as an essential tool for territorial management.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Proposta de monitoramento ambiental do parque estadual do Utinga: uma ferramenta para a melhoria dos serviços prestado a população da região metropolitana de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-04-27) LIMA, João Batista Marcelo de; PENNER, Giovanni Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3110276957027781; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0335-5352
This work was developed in order to present an Instruction Guide, as a subsidy to the conception of the environmental monitoring system proposed for the State Park of Utinga (PEUt), which it was decided to call SISPEUt. In order to make it simpler and, therefore, more likely to be implemented, it was first decided to idealize it for the qualitative investigation of the soil and water in the Park. Initially, a study was carried out to verify the recommendations regarding the installation of a monitoring system for the environmental quality of the PEUt. This stage included the analysis of Brazilian hydro-environmental laws, norms, plans and programs that directly or indirectly presented such recommendations. Next, a survey of the vulnerability of the area was carried out in the face of the advance of the urbanization of the RMB. In this investigation, the threats imposed on the Park and its environmental elements became evident. In order to reveal details about the advantages of an environmental monitoring system, a study of qualitative and quantitative monitoring cases in protected areas in Brazil and abroad was carried out. The results showed benefits for the entire production chain associated with the monitored area, with gains also for the management bodies, for the political, academic and scientific classes, as well as for the general population. From all the survey carried out, the hypothetical-deductive method was used to ratify the objective of this work, which is summarized in presenting the Guide mentioned above. The architecture adopted for the proposed system was guided by the policies and guidelines of the ePING (Electronic Government Interoperability Standards), which advocates the use of public and/or free computer programs in the design of monitoring systems such as SISPEUt. The parameters to be monitored were defined according to norms and hydro-environmental programs in force or in progress in Brazil, with the contribution of systems that monitor environmental variables in the national territory. As for the location of the measurement and sample collection points, these were determined based on the Park's physiography and the threats imposed on the Conservation Unit (UC). In short, the final product of this work is considered an important contribution to environmental management in the RMB, since the implementation of SISPEUt can bring important subsidies to the protection of the CU and, consequently, improve the services provided to the population, especially those related to the provision of water for public supply.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Qualidade ambiental da área urbana do município de Belém/PA: o desafio de mensurar.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06-21) NUNES, Lana Patrícia Martins; LIMA, Aline Maria Meiguins de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6572852379381594; PIMENTEL, Márcia Aparecida da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994635795557609
The accelerated and disorderly growth of cities has not been accompanied by the growth and improvement of urban infrastructure, which contribute decisively to the quality of life of its inhabitants. Studies on the urban environment reveal that the urbanization process generates impacts, both environmental and social, however these impacts can be avoided or at least minimized through an effective planning process. For this reason, the great challenge of urban planning bodies is to understand the functioning of the urban environment and provide the right conditions for communities to develop sustainably, seeking a balance between quality of life and preservation of the environment. In this sense, studies that deal with the reality of environmental quality in urban ecosystems are of fundamental importance to support planning policies and more efficient land management. This research aims to evaluate the environmental quality in the urban area of the municipality of Belém / PA, one of the municipalities of the northern region of the country that presents, in population terms, large extensions of subnormal clusters and highlights in the real estate scenario, with characteristics similar to many Brazilian cities. To evaluate the environmental quality, the methodological procedures developed by Borja (1998) and Kawakubo et. al., (2005) were used, using environmental and infrastructure indicators (water supply, sanitary sewage, urban cleaning, flooding, noise pollution and cover (SIPAM, CIOP, SESAN, IBGE, etc.) for the construction of a synthetic index of environmental quality.In order to observe stratifications between the districts, environmental quality charts and basic indexes were developed using Arcgis software. The perception of the residents was also investigated through structured questionnaires whose items correspond to the same indicators selected in the objective data. In order to observe possible contrast between the objective and subjective data an index of environmental perception was constructed using the same methodological precepts for the construction of the objective data and their respective spatialization. The data show that although the results point to a sufficient level of environmental quality, residents are dissatisfied with the infrastructure and quality of the environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Qualidade ambiental, distribuição e densidade do mesozooplâncton do estuário de Guajará-Miri, Vigia de Nazaré, NE do Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-12-03) RAMOS, Caio Aguiar Rodrigues; MELO, Nuno Filipe Alves Correia de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4989238044542736; PAIVA, Rosildo Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0510818763187669
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sanitary quality of the public groundwater supply for the municipality of Belém in northern Brazil
(2013) OLIVEIRA, Rodrigo Santos de; KIYATAKE, Daniela Mayumi; HARADA, Maria Lúcia; RIBEIRO, Karla Tereza Silva
The present study verified the quality of the water of Água Preta Lake, which is part of the public supply for the Northern Brazilian municipality of Belém (Pará State). Six samples were collected from each of six sampling points. The concentration (NMP) of coliforms was determined by Multiple-tube fermentation Technique. The isolates of Escherichia coli obtained from the samples were tested for susceptibility to the antibiotics (cefoxitin, ampicillin, imipenem, gentamicin, and amikacin). Furthermore, was analyzed the presence of diagnostic genes for the diarrheagenic strains of E. coli. None of the genes was identified, however, the recorded concentrations of thermo-tolerant coliforms were within the recommended limits for standing water sources used for public supplies. Nevertheless, the highest concentrations of total and thermo-tolerant coliforms were recorded at two points, one adjacent to the most densely-populated area of the lake margin, and the other near the catchment area for water from the Guamá River. The susceptibility testing indicated the presence of six resistance phenotype profiles, including multi-resistant strains. The results of the study reinforce the need for the systematic monitoring of this water source, in order to provide guidelines for the development of effective management policies for public water supplies, as well as the prevention of water-borne diseases.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Unidades de conservação e as populações tradicionais: uma análise jurídica da realidade brasileira
(1999-12) BENATTI, José Heder
Este trabalho discute a definição jurídica de área protegida, a relação entre área protegida e população tradicional, e quais são os direitos dos grupos sociais que se encontram dentro destas áreas. Buscamos apresentar alguns mecanismos para ajudar na resolução de conflito causado pelo intruzamento das áreas protegidas em terras apossadas pelas populações tradicionais.