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Navegando por Assunto "Quilombos"

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    Ação coletiva e Sistemas Agroflorestais na comunidade São Manoel, Quilombo Jambuaçu, Moju/PA
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-06-15) ANDREATA, Helton Kania; MOTA, Dalva Maria da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4129724001987611; SCHWARTZ, Gustavo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0774787368316223
    The Agroforestry Systems (SAF) can be used as a means of forest recovery and are interesting due to their diversity of products and the sustainability of the system, mainly in the Northeast of Pará, which has a predominance of secondary forests, popularly called “capoeiras”, areas which can be used for its implementation. The aim of the study was to analyze the relation between Collective Action and SAF in the São Manoel community, in the municipality of Moju, Pará state. The survey data were collected in the years 2018 and 2019, with the main instruments used being historical, open and semi-structured interviews with farmers and main leaders in the community. The data are predominantly qualitative and the procedures to summarize were the transcription of the interviews, with the creation of tables and vertical and horizontal analyzes of the speeches. The community of São Manoel is a small rural village with a history of struggling against large companies to maintain its territory and whose main source of income is native açaí. Land titling is collective and the main issues of resource management are discussed with the Quilombola Association of Farmers of São Manoel, which also has other duties, such as discussing the issue of security, community organization, improving income sources, in addition to legal representation in different instances. The results shows that the SAF arrived in the community in 2015, taken by one of the farmers (who has agricultural training), and had great repercussions after the community verify the success of the system in São Manoel. The working group who has the SAF is composed of 15 people, who work from the plants nursery to the implantation of areas through the collective effort. They have a differentiated system of implantation of SAF, when carrying out the management of capoeira in order to use it as an input for plant nutrition. Three different types were found among the SAF of São Manoel, varying in the number of species in the system, being cupuaçu, cocoa, açaí and banana the main species implanted. The data show that the SAF had a good acceptance among farmers because the system was brought by one of the members of the community, which has also had repercussions in other communities in the Jambuaçu Territory. Collective action was fundamental to the success of SAF, since most farmers reported that they would not be able to implement their areas alone, reason why this community strength was essential for the success of a system which aims to generate income through diversification of production, resignifying the territory with their occupation through productive conservation.
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    Caracterização socioepidemiológica em comunidades quilombolas do nordeste do Pará-Amazônia, Brasil
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-12-19) RAMOS, Noêmia Maria José Maia; NASSAR, Sérgio Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3066738195459439; OLIVEIRA, Euzébio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1807260041420782; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8059-5902
    The trajectory of the black population in the Brazilian historical context gave rise to Quilombola Communities, which consolidated themselves in spaces of resistance against slavery based on their social, economic and cultural relations. This context has generated significant consequences for blacks, such as the great socioeconomic and environmental inequalities, which contribute to the mortality process for diseases linked to the precarious living conditions to which these populations are subjected. The objective of this research was to characterize the main socio-environmental and epidemiological problems of anthropic origin existing in the quilombola communities of Taperinha and Sauá-Mirim, in the Municipality of São Domingos do Capim - PA, which contribute to the illness process. The research was carried out apart from a quantitative and descriptive study, through bibliographical surveys, field research, with the use of a questionnaire applied to the communities under study, with closed and open questions, (related to socioeconomic, epidemiological, environmental issues, etc. .) and Chek-list. After collection, the data were stored and tabulated for the elaboration of figures and graphs that served as a means of better visualization, presentation and discussion of the results. These showed that these Communities have a high poverty rate, related to socioeconomic, cultural and environmental issues, which are responsible for the conditions of social inequality. As well as for the interference in the quilombola's way of life, recurrence of infectious diseases and incidences of chronic degenerative diseases, which have shown to have important epidemiological repercussions when referring to quilombola communities. Finally, it is worth noting that these results will be made available for future academic publications, in order to serve as subsidies for new researches matched with the Study in question, as well as other focus themes referring to quilombolas, so that the results found may contribute to the development projects and greater public attention in relation to quilombola communities.
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    Conhecimento etnobotânico de moradores da comunidade quilombola Itaboca, município de Inhangapi, estado do Pará
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-07-03) SILVA, Sueli de Castro; CAVALCANTE, Gustavo Góes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4614184899519791
    The traditional knowledge about the use of medicinal plants in a quilombola community is the subject of this research, whose main objective is to describe the ethnobotanical knowledge of residents of the Itaboca quilombola community, Inhangapi municipality, northeastern Pará state, in the context of relations socio-cultural The study was developed from the quantitative and qualitative descriptive methodological approaches, applying semi-structured questionnaires, open interviews and direct observation. Twenty-four practitioners of folk medicine were interviewed and selected by non-random sampling using the snowball method, indicated by three people in the community called seeds A, B and C. Four representatives of the community were interviewed through open interviews. The results reveal a set of knowledge and practices using medicinal plants cultivated by families. However, due to their kinship relationship, it is the matriarchs and elders of the community who concentrate greater credibility for the practice of folk medicine, because they have greater knowledge and empirical experience with medicinal plants. This knowledge interferes with the social organization of the community, crossing healing practices and modifying the landscape of the community environment through anthropic processes of substitution of the floral for medicinal species grown in the backyards. Within the ethnobotanical knowledge of the inhabitants of Itaboca, 83 species were recorded, of which 41 were identified. The most cited plants were boldo (Plectranthus ornatus), peppermint (Menta pulegium L.), lemon balm (Lippia alba (Mill) .N.E.Br). Tea is the most common form of preparation. Treatment of digestive tract complications is the most appropriate. In this study, a religious syncretism of curative character was observed. The conclusion of the work points to the risk of ethnobotanical cultural losses resulting from the little interest of younger generations to maintain this knowledge, which requires policies to encourage the preservation of cultural knowledge of traditional populations and effective laws that guarantee recognition and appreciation of cultural heritage. of these communities. It is considered that the knowledge coming from this universe can provide relevant contributions to the conservation of traditional community cultural and biological traditions, as well as provide theoretical / practical support to cultural debates and laboratory scientific research in the academic sphere.
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    Consulta prévia no Estado do Pará: um estudo sob a perspectiva interdisciplinar da participação
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06-11) MENDONÇA, Ygor de Siqueira Mendes; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911
    The historical process in favor of the rights of traditional peoples and communities runs from the period of the Industrial Revolution to the current hierarchical relations of power in society. In this context, the creation of Convention 169 (C169) of the International Labour Organization (ILO) aimed to break the integrationist character of these humanitarian groups into national society and to promote, above all, the autonomy and self-determination of its subjects. By establishing the right to the Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) whenever administrative or legislative laws affect their way of life, development and subsistence, C169 has also sought to ensure the full participation of these actors in making decisions, especially through intercultural dialogue and communicative actions among those interested in the construction of laws. However, because of the existing regulatory shortcomings in the immediate effects and the means by which the consultation has been realized, the paths traced to the present moment are directed at the ineffectiveness in guarantee the traditional communities rights. For this reason, it is incumbent upon governments to promote adequate instruments to guarantee consultation and legitimize participation, to focus on participation itself, which limits consultation to a mere space for the exchange of information and limits the hierarchical power. Thus, in order to resolve the obstacles of the Free and Informed Consent in a regional context, the state government of Pará promulgated Executive Decrees 1.969/2018 and 2.061/2018. The result of the state's conduct came with the strengthening of the selfenforceability of FPIC's right, which opposed to an explicit violation of the right to participate. Thus, and in view of the need to promote an up-to-date look at the Free and Informed Consent right, it is the general objective of this dissertation to analyze government conduct in contraposition to the right to FPIC, specially participation. Therefore, from an interdisciplinary approach, the methodological procedures are based on a research of a qualitative nature and constructed through the hypothetical-deductive method. The research procedure adopted was the study case and the research techniques were focused on the collection of documentary, bibliographic data and interviews with two representatives of traditional communities of Para. From this methodological structure, it was possible to conclude by the misguided and contradictory conduct of the Para government, that the violation of the C169 proved to be uncontroversial, especially in light of the prior and proper participation. In addition, it was concluded that, as an alternative to attempts to regulate the right of Free and Informed Consent, the Consultative Protocols have gained space and normative force as an instrument of empowerment and self-government of traditional peoples and communities, in order to allow the formalization of their respective aspirations, worldviews and internal demands. In this direction, it is incumbent upon the State to promote awareness, feasibility and, above all, the full effectiveness of these instruments, as well as the creation of effective participatory spaces that consolidate the growth of ascendant power beyond the requirement of consent or attempts in their standardization.
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    Educação em saúde e ambiente em comunidades quilombolas do Pará/Brasil
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08) TAVARES, Roseane Bittencourt; SILVA, Hilton Pereira
    There are few initiatives about health and environment education in quilombos in Pará. In this article education is seen a way to contribute to the reduction of health problems in these populations. The research is based on data collected in field work in four communities and bibliographic information. The methodology included the socioecological characterization of the communities, and the creation of a health education program planed for children between the ages of 5 and 11 years, which was implemented as a pilot in the communities África and Laranjituba through an interactive discussion about the main themes identified (flu, dental cavities, anemia, mycoses and intestinal worms). Following, to evaluate the activities a didactic exercise created especially for the program was applied. The test showed that the majority of the participants (68%) apprehended the desired information. It is suggested that this approach be used as a possible strategy of action to contribute to the improvement of the quilombola’s quality of life.
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    Entre campos, tesos, várzeas e florestas: relação com as paisagens nos processos de formação identitárias e resistência afromarajoara
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-07-14) NAZARÉ, Mailson Lima; BARBOZA, Myrian Sá Leitão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4827055067722362; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6712-7386; BARBOZA, Roberta Sá Leitão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9331256487699477; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-553X
    This work aims to describe socio-environmental realities of traditional communities in the Marajó archipelago in the State of Pará, through ways of life as a form of Afro-Marmara resistance. It is developed from the description of my social reality, of origin of communities of cowboys in the region of the Marajoara fields, in a relationship with the aspects of resistance and ethnic affirmation of the quilombola community of Gurupá located in the municipality of Cachoeira do Arari. The description of my social trajectory is carried out through autoetnobiography, which makes it essential to show the way of life of black people with the protagonist of their own history, the analysis of ways of life in the quilombola territory of Gurupá is carried out through the ethnography of walking, method developed through observation, dialogues and walks together with interlocutors from the community. Therefore, through the ethnography of walking and autoetnobiography I try to relate my experiences with the resistance of the quilombola community of Gurupá as a way of resisting the Eurocentric paradigms that on the developmental discourse advance over territories of traditional communities in the Marajó archipelago. In this sense, the reflections presented in the study sought to answer the following question: how ways of life constitute forms of resistance based on the relationship between identity and landscapes? The study has ethnoracial issues as a reference and that is why I use concepts such as afromarajoara and quilombismo. Finally, the investigation concludes by showing that traditional communities have been using pluriactivities in their environments as a form of resistance both to face their seasonal dynamics, as well as to the external interferences of developme.
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    Entre Quilombos: circuitos de Festas de Santo e a construção de alianças políticas entre as Comunidades Quilombolas de Salvaterra - Marajó - Pará
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-26) LIMA FILHO, Petrônio Medeiros; CARDOSO, Luis Fernando Cardoso e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9240601863315295; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-1498
    This study is an interpretation of the associations involving holy parties and political alliances between maroon communities located in the municipality of Salvaterra - Marajó - Para, based on ethnographic research conducted in maroon community of Bacabal. These maroon communities are: Salvá, Mangueiras, Caldeirão, Bairro Alto, Pau Furado, Bacabal, Santa Luzia, Providencia, Deus Ajude, São Benedito da Ponta, Siricari, Boa Vista, Paixão, União/Campina and Rosário they have in common besides conducting and participating in some of the other parties, also the fact they are the same self-defined remaining quilombo communities and are fighting for recognition and titling of their territories. To interpret the relationships between parties and political alliances, the study takes the gift paradigm or paradigm of the alliance and the association proposed by Alain Caille (2002) as the main theoretical framework. The parties in this study are interpreted as gifts that move between communities to create stronger bonds, bonds of trust and loyalty, and political alliances between them.
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    Memórias e saberes quilombolas acerca dos sistemas alimentares em contexto de expropriação territorial do quilombo da Bocaina, Porto Estrela, Mato Grosso
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-07-31) VILHENA, Renata Kelly Costa; BARROS, Flávio Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4706140805254262
    From an ethnographic study of memories related to the food system of quilombola families in Bocaina, in the municipality of Porto Estrela, Mato Grosso, the transformations occurred in food were identified and reflected after the process of expropriation of the territory that occurred in the 1970s. The study was development with the contribution of concepts such as territory (RAFFESTIN, 1993) and (LITTLE, 2002), anthropology of food (CONTRERAS; GRACIA, 2011) and (DAMATTA, 1986) and memory (HALBWACHS, 2004), and from empirical data from frield research. For this, they were applied as research instruments the participant observation, field diary, photographic records, informal conversations, semi-structured interviews and oral history. As results, the dissertation presents the history of the quilombo that portrays the process of expropriation, in addition to the different forms of production, preparation and consumption of food, highlighting the productive activities of agriculture, extraction, hunting, fishing, among others. that have been resisting in order to relive the past when they lived in Bocaina territory. It is noticeable that there were reductions in productive activities that are important for families' self-consumption and food security, since the places these families currently live in do not represent the value that the territory had. Another relevant aspect in the food contexts was between the analysis of the relationships between foods, sociability, identity and culture, of which the important “Festas de Santos” of “São João Batista” and “São Pedro” can be present. Families are hopeful with the resolution of access to the territory, through a judicial process that guarantees the right to return to their lands. Meanwhile, everyday life is reframed and transformed in the hope of reviving again in its territory.
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    Nosso canto é aqui! Quilombolas de Santa Maria do Traquateua frente a interesses do poder privado em Jambuaçu/Pará
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-07-07) ALVES, Suely Rodrigues; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
    We approach, in this study, part of the history of a rural black community called Santa Maria of Traquateua, in the municipality of Moju, State of Pará, that by incorporating ethnic factors in the struggle for land, define themselves as remaining of quilombo. Having the Earth as a nucleating category, in which they practice the common use of the natural resources, we investigate the process of this community resistance against the conflicts with private power companies, especially monoculture form of palm oil and mining companies on its territory (which started since late of 70s). This study was developed, following the critical thinking, starting from the field theory of Pierre Bourdieu and dialoguing with the concepts of traditional peoples, peasants and development. The methodology included a literature review, documentary consultation and field study followed by interviews. The analysis led us to conclude that, in spite of facing the changes and intervention of economic agents on their territory and even in front of expropriation process of their social reproduction conditions (whether territorial, socio-economical or cultural), the community rebuilds strategies to ensure their permanence in the place of ancestral occupation. Thus, in this sense, the resistance as a way of life is peasant and quilombola.
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    Quando o pesquisador e o sujeito da pesquisa são um: reflexividade quilombola sobre pesca, conflito e disputa na RESEX Ipaú-Anilzinho e TQ de Joana Peres (PA)
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-26) RIBEIRO FILHO, Manoel Machado; CAÑETE, Voyner Ravena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9961199993740323; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-3086
    When considering the looks full of meanings that pass through me, as I am a quilombola, born, raised in the quilombo and today working in a place of leadership, of a minority that seeks to communicate with the hegemonic society in a relationship without hierarchies, I bring my speech in this writing. By bringing my speech in this text, my memories, my belonging and experiences are present from the beginning to the end of this dissertation. Thinking and writing like this, this study comprises an autoethnography, which for Miranda (2022, p. 71) is understood “as a cultural analysis elaborated through personal narrative, where it is possible to develop a critical lens in an inside-outside praxis, of way to understand who we are in our communities.” In this context, I come to talk about the tensions that shape new relationships in the process of new delimitation of the territory in the context of the Extractive Reserve (RESEX) and Quilombola Territory (TQ), in conflict scenarios that came to be established and mark this relationship, particularly considering fishing activity and the community of Anilzinho. Joana Peres and Anilzinho are the only quilombola communities, of the six that make up RESEX, created on June 14, 2005. Two quilombola territories, pre-defined over time by leaders and fishermen, being joined to the same RESEX territory, from of its creation. While the territory of the Anilzinho community was included in its entirety in the RESEX, with regard to my quilombo village of Joana Peres, the RESEX divided its territory, part of the community area is inside the RESEX, the other is not, which goes beyond the surroundings of the unit.
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    Quilombo de São Pedro dos Bois: memória biocultural subvertida nas logicas de ocupações recentes do Amapá
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06-28) DINIZ, Raimundo Erundino Santos; ACEVEDO MARIN, Rosa Elizabeth; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087693866786684
    The thesis addresses the biocultural memory between quilombolas (descendants of escaped slaves) from São Pedro dos Bois community as an inherent process to the specific territorialities resignified in the present time through a continuous process of beliefs enrichment, knowledge and practices based on common use that sustain the quilombola selfassertion in face of power structures. This coursework investigation is concerned to analyze the intrinsic forms importance of sociocultural uses of natural resources by quilombolas for the territorial continuity based on traditional knowledge, in immemorial beliefs, festivals, backcountries, extractive activities, fisheries and hunts. The biocultural memory of São Pedro dos Bois quilombo has been dispelled with the intensification of recent occupation policies, interventions and prohibitions on the territory and adjoining quilombo communities. The recent disintegration policies of traditionally occupied lands have been encouraged in the last decades by the territorial expansion of AMCEL for eucalyptus cultivation in backcountry old areas, trails, extractive activities and quilombo hunts and in recent years with the regulations of Macapá and Santana Green Free Trade Zone and investments related to agribusiness, especially soy cultivation. Still adding up the construction of hydroelectric plants on Araguari river that connects the Matapi and Pedreira rivers important for the conservation of other streams that cross the region as the "stream of Hell" that directly serve the São Pedro dos Bois community and are part of their stories. It was also verified that the quilombo policies set out in legal regimes and institutional instruments concerning to the quilombo communities services by specific programs and mainly to the territories titrations are being overlooked in the Amapá State. The sources raised by interviews, observations and notes in the field, documentary analysis, conducting workshop for the sketch preparation and photographic records showed that in Amapá State the announced policies of “Sustainable Development” cannot do without understanding the land occupations logic traditionally busy and disregard the quilombo biocultural memory that has a lot to contribute to collective practices in social uses of common goods.
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