Navegando por Assunto "Quimioterapia"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do comportamento de crianças seus acompanhantes e auxiliares de enfermagem durante a punção venosa em sessão de quimioterapia ambulatorial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-03-29) LEMOS, Isabela Porpino; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600933695027723
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos hematológicos e clínicos de crianças leucêmicas no período de indução da quimioterapia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-22) MÉLO, Flávia Maria Lessa; QUARESMA, Juarez Antônio Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3350166863853054
The leukemia happens in approximately 30% of cases of pediatric malignant diseases involving the hematopoietic system, affects preferentially the white blood cells, characterized by replacement of normal blood cells to young abnormal cells in the bone marrow. Te leukemia is the most common cause of cancer deaths in childhood, and the main types are: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or chronic (CML). Chemotherapy is a specific treatment and the most used for healing or prolong life of these patients, often requiring hospitalization, since these patients show significant changes in blood counts, making them immunocompromised. This increases the risk of potentially serious infections and other complications that often prolong hospital stay and increase the rates of morbidity and mortality. In order to broaden the knowledge about the hematology and clinical characteristics of pediatric leukemia patients during chemotherapy induction in an oncology hospital reference in the northern region of Brazil from 2005 to 2010 aged 0-12 years. Therefore was made a retrospective study with secondary data collection from records filed on the division of medical records and statistics of the hospital involved in the study. In the statistical analysis of the results we obtained mean, standard deviation and median of continuous variables and frequency of categorical variables, and statistical significance assessed by means of obtaining confidence intervals at 95% and by an ANOVA test and Wilcoxon considered α = 5%. These analyzes were performed in Epi-Info software 3.5.1. Of the 556 medical records, 141 were complete, and observed higher prevalence in masculine gender, age group between 1-4 years, coming from the state of Pará, with clinical classification for ALL, with Brazilian protocol GBTLI selected in most cases, making use of empirical antibiotic therapy, especially ceftazidime, amikacin and ceftriaxone, and records of use of blood bag during hospitalization, and the outcome of the type of hospital discharge. The study also revealed alteration of the data found in all variables in the blood count to the white and red, both the first and the fifteenth day of hospitalization these periods chosen for data collection hematological, and found use in blood bags virtually all hospitalized patients (92.20%) with predominance of platelet concentrate (CP5), leukocyte-poor red blood cells (CHPL) and red blood cells. Given the above, it is recommended the development of strategic actions and local policies that address not only the tertiary specialist in pediatric oncology, but all levels of health care for the child, to reduce the impact of this disease in the pediatric population the northern region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da adesão à terapia medicamentosa em hipertensos de unidades de saúde do distrito DAGUA no município de Belém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-30) SOUSA, Patrick Luis Cruz de; SILVA, Marcos Valério Santos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0379783635000306; ANDRADE, Marcieni Ataíde de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8514584872100128
Adherence to pharmacotherapy in several chronic diseases, especially hypertension (SH), has great importance for the prevention, reduction and control of diseases and complications, thus reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Evaluate the modifiable and non-modifiable factors that contribute to a better adherence to medication in patients DAGUA district in Belém-PA, can serve as the basis for qualification of pharmaceutical care, clinical management, public politics, actions and plans in services public health in order to improve patient compliance. We conducted a descriptive transversal observational and quantitative analysis with a random sample of 227 patients enrolled in the program HIPERDIA, from March 2010 to August 2011, where we assessed the knowledge and the degree of adherence to drug therapy using the tests Morisky and Green (TMG) and the Batalla test relating to socioeconomic, lifestyle, and esquipe health service and patient-related factors. The study population was characterized predominantly by women (69.5%) aged above 60 years (44.5%), mixed race (48%), married (44.9%), retired (43.6%) and with low educational level, being (55.1%) with incomplete primary education. Of the total persons (63.46%) had uncontrolled blood pressure. Not adhere to treatment (66.9%) according to test Morisky and Green (72.38%) by the test Batalla.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da toxicidade e correlação com polimorfismos no gene de reparo X-RCC1 em pacientes com neoplasias do trato gastrointestinal submetidos a radio e quimioterapia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-18) SOUZA, Paulo Gustavo Cavalcanti de; ASSUMPÇÃO, Paulo Pimentel de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7323606327039876; SANTOS, Ney Pereira Carneiro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1290427033107137
The intestine tract neoplasms consist in an important problem of Brazil’s health as consequence of its incidence and mortality. Radiotherapy plays a fundamental work as part of gastric and rectal cancer treatment. The vastly background in radiobiology and the recently advances in the comprehension of molecular mechanisms involved in the behaviour of tumour cells and the normal tissues to ionizing radiation has been demonstrating the importance of repair DNA genes. The gene XRCC-1 plays an important work repairing ionizing lesions, working in the answers of single strand break through repairing by base excision. XRCC-1 base polymorphisms can influence the answer of radiotherapy’s answer, in the same way the toxicity showed on them. In the present study we analysed the toxicity of gastric and rectal cancer patients submitted to radiation treatment and chemotherapy and its relation with the occurrence of specifics polymorphisms of XRCC-1 GENE, C194T (rs1799782) and INDEL 4 bp GGCC (rs3213239). Our data showed a general toxicity rate of 64,5 %, but only 24,5 % were grade 3 or 4. The specific toxicity grade 3 or 4 rate were 16,3 % diarrhea, 6 % dermatitis and 6 % nausea. We did not find and correlation between the polymorphisms C194T (rs1799782) and INDEL (rs1799782) and the rate of toxicity found, except when we evaluated patients with gastric and rectal cancer separately. In the latter group, the allele T of C194T was associated with a higher incidence of nausea, with a 10,5 fold risk and a p value of 0,03. Although this positive correlation, we believe that the number of patients in our study was insufficient to a more accurate correlation between toxicity and polymorphisms.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do polimorfismo INDEL no gene TYMS em associação a resposta quanto ao uso de fluoropirimidinas em pacientes portadores de neoplasias do trato gastrointestinal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-26) COSTA, Danielle Feio da; SANTOS, Ney Pereira Carneiro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1290427033107137
Cancer is a public health problem worldwide, with an estimated of 27 million new cases and 17 million cancer deaths in 2030. In Brazil, estimates for cancer in 2014, indicate the occurrence of approximately 580 000 new cases. Fluoropyrimidines are used in the main chemotherapy regimens targeted to tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, much has been investigated on causes of different individual responses to chemotherapy.Thus, it has been sought an individualized therapy that can maximize drug efficacy and minimize adverse effects associated with drugs. We aimed to seek the association of an INDEL polymorphism (rs16430) in TYMS gene with the pattern of response to chemotherapy drugs based on fluoropyrimidines, in order to contribute to the development of personalized medicine. We studied 151 samples of cancer patients treated with fluoropyrimidine, from a population of the Brazilian Amazon region with high interethnic admixture. An INDEL polymorphism (rs16430) was genotyped in TYMS gene that is involved in the response to treatment using fluoropyrimidines. The research reported that most patients had advanced disease at diagnosis, of which 32.7% were treated with palliative intent, and 22.8% neoadjuvant treatment. Our results show that the INDEL polymorphism in the TYMS gene appears to have a protective effect on tumor progression (p = 0.033). Patients treated with fluoropyrimidine who were wild homozygous (INS / INS) had a 24% protection to tumor progression compared to other genotypes of this polymorphism. Estimates of global genetic ancestry of the sample investigated were: 62.4% European, 25.2% Amerindian and 12.4% African. It was possible to establish an inverse correlation between the increase of Amerindian ancestry and metastasis (p = 0.024). Pharmacogenetic studies can provide a personalized therapy toxicity reducing mortality and improving therapeutic efficacy, thereby providing a cancer therapy with better clinical results.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação seriada do perfil hematológico e bioquímico de primatas não humanos da espécie Sapajus apella tratados com lde-oleato de paclitaxel como instrumento para a terapêutica do câncer
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-23) OLIVEIRA, Nayara Cristina Lima de; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099
Study of a chemotherapy delivery system, called LDE, with lipid composition similar to the natural low density lipoproteins of the body, denominated by the acronym LDL. LDEs have advantages over commercial chemical forms, since it is able to concentrate in the neoplastic tissues after injection into the circulatory chain, thus being able to target the tumors. LDE can be used as a "carrier" of paclitaxel (PTX) for possible reduction of toxicity and increase of its therapeutic action. The use of non-human primates as in vivo experimental models are of great importance in human health applications due to their anatomical, biochemical and phylogenetic similarities with human primates, generating results that can be interpreted more closely and safely to The phenomena in humans. The aim of the project was to evaluate the chronic toxicity of nanoparticles associated with to chemotherapy Paclitaxel (LDE-PTX) in individuals of the Sapajus apella species, based on the determination of hematological and biochemical parameters and their possible alterations. During the research 15 animals were used, divided into groups: Negative control (CN); Experimental (EXP1 and EXP2) where the animals received LDE-PTX intravenously two different doses of 175 mg / m2 and 250 mg / m2 respectively; and positive control (CP1 and CP2) where the animals intravenously received the drug in commercial form at the same doses used in the experimental group, respectively. Primates were accompanied for 6 cycles of chemotherapy, with interval of 3 weeks. Hematological and biochemical analysis was performed at each cycle through erythrogram and leukogram, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin and globulin, total bilirubin and fractions, glycemia, amylase and serum lipase. E of the sodium and potassium eletrolytes were carried out in the serum of the animals during the collection days. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and submitted to analysis of variance ANOVA, with Bonferroni post-test with significance for p <0.05, through BioEstat®5.3. The obtained results demonstrated advantages of the use of LDE-PTX, since the hematological tests demonstrate that there was a lower toxicity in all the chemotherapeutic cycles and the non-alteration of the majority of the biochemical parameters, demonstrate that the toxicity of the tested drug associated to LDE present smaller Effect toxic than its commercial version. It was concluded from the analysis of the results that hematological and biochemical toxicity was lower in treatment with PTX associated with LDE than treatment of PTX in its commercial form.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comportamento de crianças, acompanhantes e auxiliares de enfermagem durante sessão de punção venosa
(2010-09) LEMOS, Isabela Porpino; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira
This study describes the behavioral repertoire of fourteen children, aged 4-12 years old, with cancer diagnoses, during a venepuncture procedure for chemotherapy, and of their caregivers and nursing assistants. Data collection was accomplished through direct observation with the use of the Observation Scale of Behavior Distress. Three systems of behavior categories were used (for children, caregivers and nursing assistants). There were no significant differences between concurrent and non-concurrent behaviors of preschool and school children. There was greater behavioral variability among caregivers of pre-school children and higher frequency of verbal behaviors directed to school children among nursing assistants. It is discussed the need of psychological preparation for invasive procedures in pediatric oncology.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Expressão dos genes C-MYC, HER-2 e receptores hormonais como preditores de resposta à quimioterapia neoadjuvante em câncer mamário
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-02) PEREIRA, Cynthia Mara Brito Lins; DEMACHKI, Samia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7568391537270652; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099
Breast cancer is a higher incidence of tumors in women, and therefore many studies have been performed since the assessment of the epidemiological characteristics, the dynamics biocelular and treatment of this disease. In evaluating responses to treatment, the risk factors are markers that help in choosing the best drug to use. This work aimed to evaluate the genes of estrogen and progesterone receptors, HER-2 and C-MYC in locally advanced breast tumors as predictors of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We studied fragments of mammary malignancy in 50 patients with infiltrating ductal carcinoma, with clinical stage III and E-treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We used the techniques of immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The analysis of hormone receptors showed no statistically significant difference comparing patients with satisfactory response to chemotherapy, the poor and the analysis of HER-2 showed significance only for satisfactory answers, where there was poor amplification of this gene. Regarding C-MYC was observed a statistically significant difference comparing the high amplification of this gene to a poor response to chemotherapy. The study concluded that the C-MYC gene may be an important marker for predicting the treatments used in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A representação social dos enfermeiros sobre o câncer e suas implicações para o cuidado de enfermagem prestado aos pacientes oncológicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-22) JESUS, José Maria Barreto de; SILVA, Sílvio Éder Dias da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0084512862619143; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-0348
Presented to the Graduate Program in Nursing of the Health Sciences Institute of the Federal University of Pará, Master's Degree in Nursing of the UFPa as part of the requisites required to obtain the Master's Degree in Nursing. This research aims to study the social representation of nurses on cancer and its implications for the nursing care provided to cancer patients. Interest in this subject appeared when I began to perceive the change in the profile of patients hospitalized at the hospital where they worked, from acute patients (leptospirosis, rabies, bacterial and viral meningitis, among others) to chronic diseases, specifically cancer. Cancer is a disease that first affects the cognitive level of the individual, who after the process of assimilation, comes to understand and fear. For this reason it accepts the treatment, which also implies suffering (mutilating surgeries, radiotherapy and chemotherapy). But when the manifestations of the disease materialize in the patient's body, his previous biotype is altered which translates into signs and symptoms, such as: severe weight loss, loss of muscle strength and others. The disease, now visualized by others, leaves the psychological sphere passing, also, to the sociological one - it becomes a psychosocial disease. Regarding the professional's view, cultural dimensions imply the understanding that cancer is a terminal illness, that is, when the individual is affected by the pathology, however great the dedication of the health team to death is inevitable . I emphasize that this reality is grounded not because cancer is a terminal disease, but because of the existence of a strong bureaucracy present in health services. It is worth mentioning that in the state of Pará, this problem is more pronounced due to the large size of the territory, which makes it difficult for patients to access health services. Cancer is a disease that is widely exploited by many types of research, including those of a psychosocial nature. But I would like to point out that the discussion about the social representations of nurses about cancer is of fundamental importance for a rethinking of nursing about the care given to a patient with a chronic and almost always terminal illness. Based on this understanding, I formulated the following objectives: characterize the social representation of nurses on cancer and analyze the implications of this social representation for the nursing care provided to cancer patients. The study is descriptive-exploratory, with a qualitative approach and theoretical contribution of the concepts of Theory of Social Representations. The work is based on primary sources: statements of nineteen nurses and a nurse, produced from a semi-structured interview and the technique of free association of ideas. I first opted for the application of the technique of free association of ideas, as a way to deepen the themes that emerged in the free association of ideas, I used the semi-guided interview as a second technique. The information was worked through the thematic analysis, which allows to know a reality, through the communications of individuals who have ties with it. I sought to follow the guidance of this author who unfolds this type of analysis in three stages: the first is the pre-analysis, which consisted in the selection and organization of the material, with the realization of floating reading and the constitution of the corpus; The second the exploitation of the material and the third, the data treatment and interpretation. As a result of the consolidation of two thematic units, so-called: cancer a chronic, degenerative, suffering and deadly disease and cancer patient: the experience of a new nursing care. The results evidenced the suffering experienced by the nurses in providing care to the cancer patient due to the frustration of the unreached cure. The implementation of a new care allowed the deponents to insert in their care practice an integral and humane care to this clientele.