Navegando por Assunto "Racionalidade"

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Além da racionalidade dogmática: uma tentativa de reeleitura do conceito de validade jurídica com base na hermenêutica filosófica de Hans-Georg Gadamer
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) COSTA, Júlio César Sousa; COSTA, Paulo Sérgio Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4135075517359609
The present work deals with two major knowledge areas: Philosophy and Law. It results from a study aimed at approximating Hans-Georg Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics and legal hermeneutics. This work results from trying to make a reflection on the concept of legal validity, seen as central to the dissertation calls "dogmatic rationality", based on Hans-Georg Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics, with its influence on law, and that puts forward as a philosophical perspective of positivism inherent in overcoming the current law, what is constructed by a new designation of what is meant by legal interpretation. To perform this research, started from the understanding of the concept of legal validity from the analysis of the Hans Kelsen’s work, as the author of the representative legal positivist tradition in thinking that dealt with more acuity of that concept, and in contrast to that, too one seeks to make the analysis of that concept in the Robert Alexy’s work, as an example of what has been called today "post-positivism" – that is, in an attempt to overcome the still prevailing dogmatic rationality in interpreting right, at least in Brazil. The theoretical approach involved, besides the central Hans-Georg Gadamer’s philosophical perspective, the search for authors who do an analysis of their assumptions. We tried to illustrate, though, such an application, through a possible reading of the expanded concept of the hermeneutic circle proposed by the author. After all, there was certain fundamental concepts of Gadamer’s philosophy – such as the hermeneutic circle, the tradition, the temporal distance, the “awareness of the effects of history” and the application as a way of understanding – are also usable for legal interpretation enabling a more thorough reflection on the way to renewed understanding of the law. It is therefore a qualitative study and exploratory nature, of which methodological procedures departed, especially about its literature.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Buber e Weber em torno da política e da ética: o vértice da decisão valorativa como espaço para a dialogia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-09-13) GOUVÊA, Mário de Oliveira; MENDONÇA, Kátia Marly Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5325063796266136
Weber, as we will perceive later, assumed as challenge the attempt to point a rescue with respect to the possible corrosion of the politics in modernity, therefore at a historical time marked by the enterprise perception, a difficulty consists to make with that the politics assumes the vocation characteristic. Buber will assume the importance for the understanding of a bias it to act deriving of one another interpretative source of the politics, distinct of the classic traces of modernity occidental person, contributing decisively for the elaboration of the firmed ethical decision in a valor religious in the Jewish mistic and the Hebrew humanism. Which would be then the conditions it politics to assume a worthy relation with the ethics, in an age marked for the depreciation of all the values? Or in an enlightenment of conception, as to donate to the politics the possibility to inside retake the principle of the emancipation of the proper effectiveness, incorporating the necessity of “answering ethical” in relation to the face of the other? Questions as the pointed ones above are the foundations that had motivated this research.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A fragmentação moral moderna: crítica e alternativas a partir da ética das virtudes de Alasdair Macintyre
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-04-27) LIMA, Lucas do Couto Gurjão Macedo; VAZ, Celso Antônio Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0547983721448176
Modern moral debates are characteristically marked by the impossibility of reaching a rational solution to the issues in dispute, so that we are deprived of any mechanisms for the solution of these controversies. Although this situation of incommensurability may be understood as an intrinsic element of moral argumentation, the Scottish philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre perceives this as a particularly modern element, the consequence of a succession of historical and philosophical causes that lead us to this situation, which could be remedied through a proper understanding of the situation. The present work, therefore, proposes to investigate in what way this specific understanding of MacIntyre on the current state of morality sheds light on its main problems, clarifying them, as well as what are the alternatives that arise from its own theoretical elaboration, specifically that contained in the core of his philosophical work usually denominated as the After Virtue Project. Through the analysis of the central works of his philosophical project and through the writings of his main commentators, we seek to investigate the central elements of the author's theory, inquiring how his insights can provide suitable elements for, if not a perspective of possible solution of the problem, at least contribute to the enrichment of philosophical debates on moral and political issues. It is concluded that MacIntyre presents a strong and robust understanding of the state in which modern morality finds itself, as well of the causes responsible for this which have lead us to a state of disorder, fragmentation and incommensurability, while also offering a radical, innovative, instigating and highly controversial alternative, which is derived from his particular understandings of classical philosophy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Guiados pelo raciocínio e pela razão”: ciência e modernidade a serviço da agricultura paraense (1908-1929)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022) SANTOS, Francisnaldo Sousa dos; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140
This thesis seeks to discuss the implementation of a new development model designed for agriculture in Pará at the beginning of the 20th century. Especially from the second term of governor Augusto Montenegro onwards, a change of orientation is observed, no longer exclusively focused on the creation of colonial nuclei and their consequent occupation by foreign settlers, but also focused on the qualification of these agricultural workers. In other words, the quality of labor for the field gained more and more importance. With the help of science, public agents then sought the technical qualification of the farmer through agricultural education in institutions such as experimental stations and demonstration fields or through mobile agricultural education. This new methodology required the creation, in 1908, of a section dedicated exclusively to agriculture and livestock within the Secretariat of Public Works, Lands and Transport, showing a close approximation between the state and the agricultural elite of Pará, since the representative of this patronage, the Marajoara farmer José Ferreira Teixeira, took over the direction of the 4th Section of Agriculture. The publication of the magazine A Lavoura Paraense, which circulated between 1908 and 1912, portrayed this new moment well in its pages. One of the objectives of public agents was to overcome monoculture and develop other products, especially when rubber exports showed signs of crisis, making agriculture increasingly relevant to the Pará economy in the first decades of the 20th century. In addition to the fear of sustaining an entire economy based on a single product, we can point out not only the unsatisfactory results with the old model of agricultural development that had been adopted since the mid-nineteenth century, but also the entire increase that the Museum underwent. Paraense from the arrival of the Swiss Emílio Goeldi and his successor in the direction of this institution, the also Swiss Jacques Huber. However, the promising expectation regarding the modernizing wave for the countryside, based on the rationalization of agricultural practices from the current agronomic precepts of the time, did not actually materialize, since the extractive sector remained high compared to the agricultural sector, with highlights at the end of the 1920s for some products such as rice and cotton.