Navegando por Assunto "Rato"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise imunológica e genotóxica em Rattus Novergicus da linhagem wistar tratados com ciclofosfamida
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-11) CARVALHO, Heleniana Maria Miranda de; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099
The development of this work has given up due to the need to better understand the immune system, taking into account the diversity of experimental immunosuppression models as well as the variety of immunological responses and genotoxic differences these, related species, the drug and doses used. Thus, aim of this study was to analyze the effects on the immune system and genotoxic effects in Rattus norvegicus Wistar, after inoculation of the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CY). The administration of 50 mg / kg in rodents CY, possible to observe a significant decrease in the parameters of cellularity and relative weight of lymphoid organs. The humoral immunity of rodents has undergone deletion, since the analysis of the antibody titration was performed on the test plate forming cells and hemolysis testing. four inoculations that immunosuppressant and the intervals between the inoculations was determined by recovery of normal levels of the above parameters were performed. Both times the drug was administered, there was a reduction in the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils subsequently decreased, but only the second contact CY was observed immunosuppression. The analysis of the genotoxicity of cyclophosphamide (CY) was analyzed using the comet assay and was of paramount importance because dectamos genomic damage occurring in DNA exposed to different doses of cyclophosphamide (CY), which were 50 mg / kg in the first two phases and 25 mg / kg during the last two phases of the experiment. Furthermore, it was found that the genotoxic effects are cumulative with each CY dose applied, because even being administered in the third phase, the middle concentration (25 mg / kg) of the two inoculations initial CY the damage index does not correspond to half damage indices of the first and second vaccination. However, the analysis and immunologically genotoxicamente rodents, our work will enable testing new therapeutic immunosuppression regimens.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Calodium hepaticum (Nematoda: Capillariidae) in synanthropic rodents (Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus) in Eastern Amazonia
(2013-06) MOREIRA, Vera Lúcia Coimbra; GIESE, Elane Guerreiro; SILVA, Djane Clarys Baía da; MELO, Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos; FURTADO, Adriano Penha; MALDONADO JUNIOR, Arnaldo; SANTOS, Jeannie Nascimento dos
Calodium hepaticum (syn. Capillaria hepatica) is a trichurid nematode that parasitizes the hepatic parenchyma of rodents and other mammals. Infections in humans are rare, although they have been reported worldwide. A number of factors contribute to the distribution of this zoonosis, particularly the presence of dense populations of rodents associated with relatively poor urban environments, such as those found in parts of the northern Brazilian city of Belém in the eastern Amazon Basin. This study quantified Calodium infections in commensal synanthropic rodents in Belém. Rodents were captured in three neighborhoods characterized by poor public sanitation and the city's highest incidence of human leptospirosis. A total of 50 rodents were captured (26 Rattus rattus and 24 R. norvegicus), and 23 (10 R. rattus and 13 R. norvegicus) presented macroscopic lesions typical of C. hepaticum. Light microscopy of fresh samples and histological specimens permitted the identification of larvae and adult specimens containing numerous eggs with a double-striated shell and bipolar opercula with plugs. This is the first report of C. hepaticum in R. rattus and R. norvegicus from the Amazon Basin, and it shows a considerable risk of transmission to the local human population.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos da exposição crônica ao etanol da adolescência à fase adulta em ratos sobre o processo mnemônico e na densidade celular no hipocampo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-30) OLIVEIRA, Maria Cristina Souza Pereira; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101
The central nervous system is vulnerable to the action of several substances including these are psychoactive substances such as ethyl alcohol or ethanol, which is consumed by mankind for a long time and is associated with a range of medical social problems. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the neurobehavioral alterations and tissue from exposure to ethanol from adolescence to adulthood on the hippocampus. For this, 30 Wistar rats were evaluated distributed into control and ethanol, which upon reaching 35 days of age (adolescence) received by gavage ethanol at a dose of 6.5 g/Kg/day for 90 days (adulthood ). After this period, the animals were subjected to behavioral tests of open field, social recognition and avoidance for evaluation and subsequently perfused tissue through histological processing by violet cresila. Were collected and processed sections of 50 μm, the samples were subjected to staining violet cresila. The results demonstrate a deficit in the parameters measured in the behavioral assays such as impairment in natural ambulation of the animal, the percentage of the number of quarters and time in the central core area which suggests anxiogenic-like behavior, increase in exploratory activity surveying related to animal. Observed impairment in the development of mnemonic processes with reduced memory retention of short and long term as well as in social recognition. Regarding the treatment histologically observed decrease in cell density in CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. These results indicate that chronic exposure to ethanol from adolescence to adulthood disrupts behavioral aspects related to the limbic system, the hippocampus where it entered.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Glândula submandibular de ratos com envelhecimento: observações ao microscópio eletrônico de varredura de alta resolução
(2007-12) WATANABE, Ii-sei; GUIMARÃES, Juliana Plácido; OGAWA, Koichi; IYOMASA, Mamie Mizusaki; MIGLINO, Maria Angelica; SILVA, Marcelo Cavenaghi Pereira da; SEMPRINI, Marisa; SÓSTHENES, Márcia Consentino Kronka; LOPES, Marilia Gabriela de Oliveira; LOPES, Ruberval Armando
The three-dimensional characteristics of the intracellular components of acinar and ductal cells were revealed using the osmium-DMSO-osmium method. The samples were macerated in diluted osmium after fractured in DMSO solution. The stacks of the rough endoplasmic reticulum are revealed intermingling by several mitochondria. The lamellae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum are located around the nuclei at basal portion and these structures are shown in three-dimensional HRSEM images.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Investigação dos prejuízos motores decorrentes da exposição crônica ao etanol, em ratas intoxicadas da adolescência à fase adulta
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-19) SILVA, Fernando Bezerra Romualdo da; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101
According to the World Health Organization, ethanol is the most widely used psychoactive drug in the world, occupying a prominent place by now be considered a public health problem worldwide. His heavy drinking among adolescents is on the rise, from 15 years and young adults A wide variety of research related to its damaging many organs and body systems effects, as well as damage and degeneration of the central nervous system structures, and the cerebellum one of its main targets is the affinity of the substance for cellular structures is the ability to generate a cascade of deleterious processes . The aim of this study was to evaluate behavioral changes associated with the cerebellum in rats chronically intoxicated with ethanol adolescence to adulthood. Female at 35 days of postnatal life received during 55 days, ethanol by gavage. After this period of intoxication, the animals underwent a battery of tests to assess motor deficits. Behavioral tests consisted Open Field, Pole Test, Walking Beam and Rotarod. The results showed that animals exposed to ethanol displayed motor deficits in all behavioral tests. Although several mechanisms are associated with cerebellar degeneration, further studies should be conducted to investigate the true effect of this drug and their correlation wiser the results obtained in this research.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Investigações sobre o papel da generalização funcional em uma situação de resolução súbita de problemas (insight) em Rattus norvegicus
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-06-29) DELAGE, Paulo Elias Gotardelo Audebert; CARVALHO NETO, Marcus Bentes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7613198431695463
Learning psychology was characterized by the debate of if learning is a gradual or a sudden process. While associassionists defended the first proposal, gestaltist stated the existence of abrupt learning situations. Among the main authors to defend this possibility was Wolfgang Köhler. This author work has been pointed out as evidence of learning as a sudden process. Although these works are relevant for showing the existence of situations when sudden learning occurs, it has been questioned frequently about his conclusions about why this kind of behavior phenomena occurs. Among many of the criticism made, the most debated one is the lack of history control of his experimental subjects, nevertheless the disregard of the role of that history over data obtained. Studies that investigated this role (Epstein et al., 1984 and Epstein & Medalie 1983, 1985) show that the typical insight response could be the result of previously learned repertoire combined. Epsteins works were important in showing that insight would be the combination of repertoires in appropriated situations through a process known as Functional Generalization. The present study aims to investigate if Functional Generalization is really responsible for repertoires interconexion that results into task resolution in a considered sudden way. To achieve that, Epsteins experiments were replicated, using rats as subjects. The results show that Functional Generalization seems to be a necessary requirement, but not enough to sudden problem resolution in a way considered as insight.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O jato de ar quente como estímulo punidor em rattus norvegicus
(2005-12) CARVALHO NETO, Marcus Bentes de; MAESTRI, Thrissy Collares; TOBIAS, Gracy Kelly da Silva; RIBEIRO, Thalita Coutinho; COUTINHO, Eduarda Cristina Notargiacomo Novaes; MICCIONE, Mariana Morais; OLIVEIRA, Rita de Cássia Valente; FERREIRA, Fabiane Soraia da Silva; FARIAS, Danielle Chaves de; MOREIRA, Daniele
In experimental research on aversive control, electric shock has been predominantly used as a punisher stimulus. The present work describes the use of an apparatus that produces a hot air blast which can be an alternative stimulus to be used in research on aversive contingencies. The punishing function of the hot air blast was evaluated in both continuous (CRF) and intermittent (FR3) schedules and, in both cases, a partial suppression (98,4% and 71,15%, respectively) of the lever press responding was found, after a history of the continuous reinforcement. Suppression was bigger when the punishing stimulus was applied continuously and these data corroborate the data obtained with electric shock, described in the literature. Both the apparatus and the stimulus seemed to be appropriate from a technical and scientific perspective and the apparatus may become an attractive alternative from a financial standpoint.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso da morfina no período gestacional e lactação: efeitos sobre o desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso central e comportamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-17) SOUZA, Izabelle Camões de; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101
The use of psychoactive substances is a major problem in modern society, causing social upheaval, economic and health of the user. In 2010, 26,4-36 million people used opioid analgesics for non-therapeutic purposes, and the frequency of alcohol abuse by health professionals, five times greater than the general population, due to easier access. The prevalence in use during pregnancy introduces rates ranging from 1% to 21%, accounting concern in society, since the effects caused on fetal development are not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neurobehavioral responses of adult rats after chronic exposure to morphine during the intrauterine period and lactation. Pregnant rats were given for 42 days subcutaneously, morphine 10 mg / kg / day. The offspring were weighed on days D1, D5, D10, D15, D20, D30, D60, and behavioral assays performed with the progeny to 2.5 months of age, which consisted of the open field model, elevated plus maze, forced swimming and rota-rod. The results demonstrated that exposure to morphine promote changes in the weight gain after the birth of offspring and even after weaning increase in spontaneous locomotion in females, as well as increased anxiogenic-like behavior and the behavior of the depressive type, regardless of sex, but without prejudice associated motor.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Viabilidade celular da mucosa do intestino delgado de ratos, após correção de choque hipovolêmico com solução de NaCl 7,5%
(Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2003-08) BRITO, Marcus Vinicius Henriques; NIGRO, Amaury José Texeira; MONTERO, Edna Frasson de Souza; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; SILVA, Paula Roberta Ferreira da; SIQUEIRA, Roberta Bianca Peres
Study the effect of the volemic correction with different solutions, in the mucous of the small bowel in rats. Were used 120 rats Wistar (Rattus norvegicus albinus), males, adults, seemingly healthy, with individual weight varying between 310 and 410g, originating from of the Instituto Evandro Chagas of Belém of Pará, submitted to an adaptation period of 15 days, receiving water and ration ad libitum, during the role experiment. For the research, ten animals were distributed, in groups and subgroups as following: Standard group (S), Shock group (Sh), Physiological Solution group (PS) and Hypertonic Solution Group (HS). The groups were divided in subgroups with 10 animals each, in agreement with the day of postoperative (DPO) foreseen for the euthanasis of the animals, (1st, 3rd or 7th DPO), being after this, picked material for cellular viability in every animals. RESULTS: The group PS took less quantity viable cells. The volemic correction with chloride of sodium solution at 7.5%, when compared the correction with chloride of sodium at 0.9% (isotonic solution), took the maintenance of larger amount of viable cells, in the small bowel in rats.