Navegando por Assunto "Reciclagem"

Agora exibindo 1 - 12 de 12

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos no município de Concórdia do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-04-29) BAIA, Carivaldo Antônio Macedo; MENDES, Ronaldo Lopes Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3384080521072847; FLORES, Maria do Socorro Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8875436559577793
The problem around solid waste is common in most Brazilian urban centers, which is intensified with the lack of public management planning. Solid waste when improperly packaged has a high potential for impact on the environment, becoming a potential threat to public health and local ecosystems. In view of this, the federal government regulated the National Solid Waste Policy as a way to combat possible deficiencies in waste management, presenting in the form of legislation the guidelines and rules for proper management of solid waste, and also provides for the implementation of selective collection by municipalities. In this context, the present research sought to understand the processes related to the disposal of solid waste in Concórdia do Pará, and to propose actions that assist the municipal public power in the management of urban solid waste generated in the municipality. The methodology followed an exploratory and descriptive study model, with bibliographic survey, on-site observation, interviews with public managers and the application of a questionnaire to residents. The research showed that the municipality of Concórdia do Pará has many problems associated with the management of urban solid waste, caused mainly by the low infrastructure, which makes it impossible to meet the current demand correctly. However, the municipality has the potential for practices aimed at optimizing waste management, thus, the work suggests alternatives that can be used to manage urban solid waste in an environmentally correct manner. With the information gathered, an informative guide on the contextualization of urban solid waste generated in the municipality was prepared as the final product. This guide will be made available as teaching material in municipal schools, the city hall and the Municipal Environment Secretariat, in addition to serving as a database for the Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan in Concórdia of Pará, which is under preparation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação tecnológica de cerâmicas tradicionais incorporadas com rejeito do minério de manganês
(2014-12) RODRIGUES, L. dos S.; SILVA, J. C.; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; RABELO, A. A.; FAGURY, Renata Lilian Ribeiro Portugal; FAGURY NETO, Elias
The ceramic industry has a great environmental role when it comes to recycling waste. The industrial production that has been developed in the Northern Region of Brazil makes room for use of waste as a substitute raw material in the production of ceramics. This substitution in addition to the environmental advantage also provides interesting physical characteristics in the ceramics produced. This work aimed to study the effects caused by the incorporation of manganese ore tailings in formulations of ceramic clay, to examine the extent to which it is possible to incorporate this waste without prejudice to the product properties. It was proposed some formulations containing varying amounts of tailings. The ceramic bodies were shaped and sintered at 1000 ºC to 1200ºC for 2 h. Results demonstrated that the material showed a decreasing in the porosity and water absorption, and an increasing in the bending strength as a result of the densification promoted by the tailing incorporation which acts as fluxing agent.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Confecção de discos de desbaste a partir de AI2O3 e pó de vidro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) OLIVEIRA, Rosane Felice de; DIAS, Carmen Gilda Barroso Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2113791118142177
This article describes the development of abrasive and cutting disks made of alumina and waste glass powder to apply in cutting tools. These disk mills are used to micromize rigid post-consumed thermoplastics and let its use in a lot of recycling process, as rotomolding. This cutting disk uses glass powder as a fluxing agent and poly(ethylene terephthalate) post-consumed to give a plastic behavior to the powder, making it easier to fill in the mold. The amounts of glass powder were analyzed from previous studies with different minerals, as diopside and feldspar, since the studies with waste glass powder substituting natural minerals are recent. The development of the disks occurs in two steps. The first one is the homogeneization of the compounds with the calculated amounts. Afterwards it's pressed and taken to the mufla to get the percolation of the resin and its complete degradation up to a temperature of 900oC, pre-sintering and soften the silicates. After getting these green composites, it happens the second and final step, when the disks are sintered to decrease the porosity and improve its strength, followed by a superficial finish and cutting tests.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Contribuição para o desenvolvimento de compósito cimento-madeira com materiais da região amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-06) FONSECA, Fábio de Oliveira; MACEDO, Alcebíades Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8313864897400179
This work intends to propose an application for tropical wood waste from wood industry as saw dust; from the region of Belem, in the fabrication of wood-cement composite. Due to the natural chemical incompatibility between wood and cement, this procedure results in a set retarding effect, with wood specie depending intensity. This by-effect can be beaten by using a procedure like additives, wood mineralization, accelerated carbonation and others. Analysis were made with axial compression strength at 28 days age data, for mortars made with 2, 3.5 and 5% wood content in mass; using cements type CP I and CP II; with and without Calcium Clorets-based set accelerator additive. Then, obtained data were statistically analyzed for evaluation on wood content and additive use over mechanical resistance. Most of existing researches uses reforesting species, being the tropical ones almost never studied. So, this work represents a pioneer effort in developing a cement-bonded wood composite with our regionally available materials and residues.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico de reutilização e reciclagem de resíduos sólidos de construção civil pelas cooperativas de reciclagem no município de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-07-05) ALMEIDA, Ana Victoria da Costa; MAUÉS, Luiz Maurício Furtado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7497951647889934
The Civil Construction sector is one of the most important segments of the world industry, being also the one that consumes the most natural resources, and therefore generates a large amount of solid waste. Construction Waste (RCC) is considered inert, but can cause problems when not properly disposed of. When we talk about RCC, we have CONAMA Resolution 307 stating that all municipalities must give RCC’s an environmentally sound destination in order to effectively reduce the environmental impacts generated by this type of waste. Within this context the present study made a diagnosis of the main practices involving reuse and recycling of RCC’s by recycling cooperatives in the city of Belém do Pará. To this end, an RSL was performed that assisted in the development of tools for the application of this research, and also helped in the conduction of studies that deal with the theme. With RSL it was possible to conclude that no study unites RCC’s and recycling cooperatives as a way of mitigation. Along with the cooperatives a Survey was applied and then a Likert scale through which it was found that the 4 cooperatives are already handling RCC’s and that it is no longer intense due to the lack of communication channel between the RCC generators and the cooperatives. Therefore, it is concluded that cooperatives are important allies for better management and destination of RCC’s and it is interesting to explore their potential, increasingly mitigating environmental problems related to the lack of RCC management by the municipality in question and thus give a more appropriate destination with help and social contribution for the cooperatives and the population of the municipality in question
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da extração de compostos de ferro da lama vermelha visando a extração e/ou recuperação de compostos de titânio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-04) MAGALHÃES, Edilson Marques; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
The main concerns about waste generation are focused on the effects that these materials can have on human health and the environment, since the hazardous waste generated by industries need particular attention and care, because when improperly managed, become a serious threat to the environment. In this context, this work shows the studies for recycling of red mud as raw material to obtain titaniumcompounds. The study covers three hydrometallurgical routes: red mud calcined at 900°C (LV900), red mud without thermal treatment (LV-STT) and red mud sintered in a reducing atmosphere (LV1300). The leaching experiments were performed with temperature values of 60, 80 e 90°C and sulfuric acid concentration of 20 and 30%. Together with the analysis mathematical modeling was carried out leaching process. Such analysis shown that the red mud can be applied as a source of alternative raw material for the concentration and subsequent recovery of titanium compounds. The kinetic modeling of the curves of data extraction as a function of time and the mathematical model developed in this work, shown that, the chemical reaction step describes the leaching tests. The developed model also allowed obtaining kinetic parameters such as activation energy and velocity of chemical reactions of the leaching process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da reciclagem de cinza volante para produção de agregado sintético utilizando reator de leito fixo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-16) PEREIRA, Luiz Felipe Silva; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
The use of such industrial waste boiler fly ash for recycling and reuse, has intensified in recent years much for its physico-chemical characteristics that may result after the processing, in a material with good mechanical strength and can be designed for use in several areas such as construction. In this paper we obtain synthetic aggregates, after sintering process in a fixed bed reactor. For the production of aggregates pellet sewed up mixer from a mixing wheel boiler ash, clay and charcoal. After the process of ceramic sintering were measured material properties such that: porosity, density and water absorption. For the characterization of phases and mineralogical structures of the sintered material, we used the techniques of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Thus the contribution of this work is aimed at reducing environmental impacts, due to the possibility that the material produced has to replace natural aggregates.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Papel das cooperativas de reciclagem na implementação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos: estudo de caso em duas cooperativas do município de Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-10-31) SOUZA, Souza, Keila Regiane Barreto de; MATHIS, Armin; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8365078023155571; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7831-9391
In recent times, one of the greatest challenges facing municipal management is finding viable solutions for solid waste management and, from this perspective, cooperatives of recyclable material collectors are included, as proposed by the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) - Law no. 12,305, of August 2, 2010. The municipality of Belém (PA) currently has ten associations and/or cooperatives of recyclable material collectors. This context includes the Filhos do Sol Cooperative and the Belém Selective Collectors Work Cooperative (ACCSB), which are the subject of this study. The participation of recycling cooperatives is fundamental to the implementation of PNRS, although they are often neglected by municipal management. It is intended, within the limits of this study, to answer the following question. What are the structural and/or organizational obstacles that prevent or hinder the expansion of recyclable materials cooperatives? In order to answer this question, the main objective of the research is to identify the obstacles that limit the expansion of cooperatives and how to overcome them. The methodology adopted will be exploratory in nature, with a qualitative and quantitative approach. As results of qualitative and quantitative research, it was found that the process of implementing public policies for recyclable collectors constitutes a highly complex, transversal and comprehensive task, with a long path that needs to be systematic, continuous and aligned with strategic planning of municipal public management. It should be noted that the Cataforte and Pró-Catador projects were decisive for the socioeconomic inclusion of recyclable material collectors. It is noted that it was possible to identify projects and actions aimed at waste picker organizations, although the remuneration for the daily services provided to society and the municipality are still far from guaranteeing their sustainability. It is noteworthy that cooperatives that do not have formal registration, that is, are not regularized with the competent bodies, present difficulties when selling recyclables. The quantitative data identified that the percentage of female collectors is (55%), which reflects the national average, which corresponds to (56%). It is noteworthy that cooperatives do not yet have the economic and financial sustainability to be competitive in the recycling market. Finally, the need for an action plan aimed at providing improvements in the work of cooperatives was identified.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Production and evaluation of recycled polymers from açaí fibers
(2010-06) CASTRO, Clívia Danúbia Pinho da Costa; DIAS, Carmen Gilda Barroso Tavares; FARIA, José de Assis Fonseca
The possibility of recycling and the favorable mechanical properties of the products have encouraged the study and production of thermoplastic composites from natural fibrous waste. Açaí (cabbage palm) fiber, which is removed from the seed, has been slightly investigated, as compared to what is already known about the fruit pulp. In this study, the influence of açaí fiber as an element of reinforcement in recycled everyday usage thermoplastics using simple, low cost methodology was evaluated. Recycled matrixes of high impact polystyrene and polypropylene were molded by hot compression from which the fiber composites were obtained. The FTIR technique showed that the process was efficient in preventing degradation of the açaí fibers. The influence of the fiber on the mechanical behavior of the recycled matrixes was investigated by microscopic images of compression and impact tests. The results showed better impact performance for the fiber combined with the polymeric matrixes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Proveniência do sistema fluviolacustre pós-ordoviciano da Formação Diamantino: preenchimento sedimentar e rota de sedimentos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-01-31) OLIVEIRA, Pedro Guilherme Assunção; SILVA JUNIOR, José Bandeira Cavalcante da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8615194741719443
The Diamantino Formation encompasses a fluviolacustrine system founded in the central region of Brazil, in the southeastern part of Mato Grosso state. Initially, its evolution was linked to the Alto Paraguai Group within the Paraguai Belt, in the context of a foreland basin. However, the discovery of skolithos ichnofacies at the base of the Alto Paraguai Group proposed a Phanerozoic tectono-stratigraphic scenario for the Raizama, Sepotuba, and Diamantino formations. This new interpretation led to repositioning the Diamantino Formation from the Cambrian to the Ordovician, although the paleogeography associated with this change has not been extensively discussed. Previous studies suggested that the metasediments from the Paraguai-Brasília Belts and the Goiás Magmatic Arc were the main source areas for this sedimentation, supported by paleocurrent data indicating sediment migration from southeast to northwest. During the Ordovician, extensive subsidence zones in West Gondwana related to the Oclóic orogeny enabled the establishment of the first sedimentary systems of the Paraná Basin over the cores of the Paraguai, Brasília, and Ribeira Belts. In this scenario, the presence of these deposits may suggest the coexistence of sediment pathways from the Central Brazil units and the Diamantino Formation, offering new insights into the paleogeography of this portion of West Gondwana. Additionally, it is noteworthy that during the Cambrian, no deposits of the Paraná Basin were observed, whereas in the Ordovician, the presence of these deposits suggests the possibility of coexistence or even the transformation of these systems into source areas for the Diamantino Formation. In this dissertation, we investigated the sediment provenance of the Diamantino Formation to compare and reassess the characterization of sedimentary fill and sediment pathways used in this sedimentation. Five stratigraphic profiles, seventeen sedimentary petrography analyses, nine heavy mineral analysys, five Samarium-Neodymium samples, and two Uranium-Lead samples in detrital zircon were studied. Petrographic data indicate that the rocks of the Diamantino Formation are composed of metasiliciclastic lithoquartzose sand. The transparent heavy mineral assemblage consists mostly of ultra-stable heavy minerals (zircon, tourmaline, and rutile, averaging 94.5% of the ZTR index). The presence of metasiliciclastic sand and an ultra-stable heavy mineral assemblage suggest that the Diamantino Formation has a polycyclic history. The basal deposits of the Diamantino Formation consist of sediments deposited in a lacustrine environment. Nd provenance ages and detrital zircon families are restricted to 1.63 Ga and Mesoproterozoic and Paleoproterozoic ages, respectively. The top deposits consist of fine sandstones and mudstones deposited in a fluviodeltaic environment. Nd provenance ages of the samples vary around 1.3 Ga and show a rich contribution of families from the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian interval. To analyze the detrital zircon signatures of the Diamantino Formation, 221 ages from the unit's zircons were compared with 5748 ages from the Brasília and Paraguai orogens and units from the Ordovician-Cretaceous of the Paraná viii Basin. The application of multidimensional scaling on Nd provenance ages and detrital zircon in comparison with potential source areas suggests that Diamantino sedimentation presents a complex sediment exchange during the expansion of the lacustrine basin. The high Q/F ratio, absence of a ferromagnesian assemblage, and scarcity of Riacian ages in detrital zircon populations weaken the hypothesis of direct influence from the Brasília Belt and Goiás Magmatic Arc. The presence of detrital ages from the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary (528-485 Ma) demonstrates a series of potential protosourcers that are not in cratonic areas of West Gondwana and represent significant source areas for the Ivaí River Group in the Paraná Basin. The multiproxy analysis suggests that the main sediment pathway for the Diamantino Formation had a source area mixture of sediments from the Paraguai Belt, Araras-Alto Paraguai Basin, and the northern Paraná Basin. In this sense, the data published in this dissertation suggest a genetic or erosive connection with the mid-Paleozoic deposits of the Central Brazil region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Resíduos de gesso na construção civil: um mapeamento bibliométrico na base de dados Web of Science
(Universidade do Vale do Taquari, 2024) FREITAS, Pablo Virgolino; ISHIHARA, Júnior Hiroyuki; CORDEIRO, Luciana de Nazaré Pinheiro; VIEIRA, Geilma Lima
The present study aims to analyze the scenario relating to Brazilian and international scientific publications that deal with the reuse of gypsum plaster, carrying out a bibliometric mapping in the electronic database Web of Science (WoS) covering a period of twenty years, before and after CONAMA Resolution No. 431/2011, starting in 2001 and ending in 2020. Data collection began through exploratory research, where words and expressions were collected in abstracts and keywords from scientific productions related to the topic to create word clouds. In order to identify the scope of the three words identified as translations for gypsum plaster, an initial search was carried out in order to understand their return in numbers; then, search terms were created for searches for the three translations of the word gypsum, and a search term containing them all. The article data was exported to EndNote web, where the articles were selected, and later, using the VOSViewer software, bibliometric mapping was carried out. The database search identified 150 articles, of which 54 contained information on the recycling of gypsum waste, with the participation of 163 authors from 24 countries, the most representative being Brazil, with 13 publications. In the end, there is a lack of publications related to the topic, and that, despite some works published in relevant journals, research related to gypsum waste ends up alienating researchers due to the lack of work that supports new research, since the reference theory is essential for defining research hypotheses.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Resíduos de gesso na construção civil: uma análise bibliométrica na base de dados eletrônica Web of Science
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-05) FREITAS, Pablo Virgolino; ISHIHARA, Júnior Hiroyuki; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3498874642887006; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0081-7913
The construction sector stands out for the exploitation of natural resources and for the production of residues that, in the vast majority, are improperly discarded in nature, generating serious negative consequences for the environment. Aiming to minimize the harm caused by the poor disposal of Construction and Demolition Waste - CDW, as well as to develop alternative ways to replace natural raw material by recycled waste, many studies have been carried out. Among the materials that have high recycling potential is gypsum, whose residues are already being used as a binder, additives in Portland cement, soil correction, among other forms of recycling. Therefore, this study aims to analyze Brazilian and international scientific publications dealing with the reuse of plaster in civil construction, performing a bibliometric mapping in the Web of Science electronic database. The mapping was carried out through exploratory research related to the reuse of gypsum waste in several scientific articles. Words and expressions that had the highest frequency of occurrence in published articles were collected. The search in the database resulted in 89 articles, of which 42 contained information on the recycling of gypsum waste in civil construction. The selected articles belong to authors from 19 countries, the most representative being Brazil, with 13 articles. Through the VOSviewer software, network maps were elaborated, through which it is demonstrated how authors and scientific institutions relate in relation to the recycling of plaster waste. The results of the articles studied here compose a portfolio through which effective methods of reusing this waste can be verified, thus facilitating the search by third parties for this type of information. What can help in the formulation of public mechanisms that help to improve solid waste management in Brazil, because, through the social network Instagram, this information will be made available in order to reach an audience that goes beyond academic borders.